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131.
McLaughlin JP Vintró LL Smith KJ Mitchell PJ Zunić ZS 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2003,64(2-3):155-165
Following the detection of 236U in depleted uranium (DU) ammunition used during the Balkans conflict in the 1990s, concern has been expressed about the possibility that other nuclides from the nuclear fuel cycle and, in particular, transuranium nuclides, might be present in this type of ammunition. In this paper, we report the results of uranium and plutonium analyses carried out on a depleted uranium penetrator recovered from a target site in southern Serbia. Our data show the depleted nature of the uranium and confirm the presence of trace amounts of plutonium in the penetrator. The activity concentration of (239+240)PU, at 45.4+/-0.7 Bq kg(-1), is the highest reported to date for any penetrator recovered from the Balkans. This concentration, however, is comparable to that expected to be present naturally in uranium ores and, from a radiological perspective, would only give rise to a very small increase in dose to exposed persons compared to that from the DU itself. 相似文献
132.
Changes in soil pH, soil heavy metal forms, and the metabolic diversity of microbial communities were examined in soil samples collected in 1-mm increments from barley roots in soil contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) using a rhizobox system. Concentrations of exchangeable Cd and Zn increased near the roots owing to a decrease in soil pH. Conversely, the concentration of inorganically bound Cd and Zn decreased near the roots. Despite having the highest concentration of the most toxic exchangeable metals, the rhizosphere also had the highest bacterial and fungal metabolic activity and diversity when assessed using BIOLOG plates. Therefore, the promoting effects of root exudates on microbial activity could outweigh the adverse effects of Cd and Zn on microorganisms in the rhizosphere. 相似文献
133.
Igor Matutinović 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(1):92-102
This work analyzes hierarchical and causal relationship between worldview, institutions, technology and economic behaviour under conditions of informational uncertainty. In our pursuit of sustainable living, institutions function both as constraints and as primary instruments of change of socio-economic behaviour. The process of radical institutional change is contingent upon prior change in the dominant worldview, while its dynamics resembles that of a paradigm change in political and scientific arenas. Therefore, the timely and adaptive outcome of institutional change with respect to global environmental problems remains intrinsically uncertain. 相似文献
134.
Tanja Stanić Aleksandra Daković Aleksandar Živanović Magdalena Tomašević-Čanović Vera Dondur Sonja Milićević 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2009,7(2):161-166
Adsorption of arsenic (V) by natural zeolitic tuff, modified with iron (III), was investigated. Also, the iron (III) adsorption
characteristics by natural zeolitic tuff was evaluated. It was determined that iron (III) adsorption by starting zeolitic
tuff was best represented by the Freundlich type of isotherm, having correlation coefficient (r
2) of 0.990. Arsenic (V) adsorption by iron (III)-modified zeolitic tuff followed a nonlinear type of isotherm. The best fit
of the experimental data was obtained using the Langmuir–Freundlich model (r
2 = 0.99), with the estimated maximum of arsenic (V) adsorption to iron (III)-modified zeolitic tuff of 1.55 mg/g. 相似文献
135.
n-Octyl esters of higher fatty acids have been reported as markers of urban wastewater in sediments, polychaeta, fish, crabs and oysters (Chaler et al. in J Chromatogr A 1046:203–210, 2004)). However, up to date, there were no subsequent studies to confirm this claim. Likewise, Chaler and co-workers did not consider that the mentioned compounds might occur naturally in the environment. Here we found seven n-octyl straight-chain alkanoates, from C-20 to C-26, in the wild-growing plant Heracleum sphondylium L., Apiaceae, from 14 locations. Those plant metabolites were unambiguously identified by gas chromatographic co-injection of the synthesized esters with the inflorescence washings. All identified octyl esters represent new natural compounds, except for octyl docosanoate. Since we have demonstrated that n-octyl esters occur naturally, and in abundance, they cannot be recognized any longer as wastewater markers. Additionally, here we provide evidences that the compounds identified by Chaler et al. (2004) are in fact 2-ethylhexyl esters, mistakenly identified as n-octyl esters. 相似文献
136.
Lojpur Vesna Krstić Jelena Kačarević-Popović Zorica Filipović Nenad Validžić Ivana Lj. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(2):659-664
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Producing green and efficient energy sources is a major challenge. As a consequence, the use of photovoltaic devices for conversion of light into electricity is... 相似文献
137.
Biljana Škrbić Katarzyna Szyrwińska Nataša Đurišić-Mladenović Piotr Nowicki Janina Lulek 《Environment international》2010,36(8):862-872
Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to a data set containing the levels of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human milk of mothers living in the Wielkopolska region, Poland, in order to investigate the information captured in the PCB patterns and to elucidate the relationship between PCB concentrations in milk and donor characteristics. According to the obtained PCA results milk fat content was the most influential factor affecting the PCB levels in milk of the Wielkopolska cohort. The lifestyle data collected from the questionnaire completed by the donors appeared to have no influence on PCB concentrations in breast milk. The score plots revealed the PCB contents of milk were quite low and uniform with a few outliers, without discrimination observed either between the primipareous and secundipareous females or between donors from the urban and rural areas. Comparison of the PCB levels and profiles of human milk from the Wielkopolska region and from various European and Asian locations made by PCA reflected a generally low background exposure and indicated the possible reasons for the outlying of some samples. In order to enhance the chances of observing the relationship between donor habits and PCB levels in breast milk it was suggested that the questionnaire be redesigned to gather information about vegetable product consumption and indoor air exposure. 相似文献
138.
Sven D. Jelaska Toni Nikolić Lucija Šerić Jelaska Vladimir Kušan Hrvoje Peternel Goran Gužvica Zoran Major 《Environmental management》2010,45(3):616-625
Here we present the methodology used for terrestrial biodiversity analysis and site selection in Phase B of the UNDP/GEF COAST
project. The analysis was focused on the problem of biodiversity evaluation in four Croatian counties stretching from sea
level to the highest mountain in Croatia. Data on habitats, vascular flora, and fauna (mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians,
butterflies, ground beetles, and underground invertebrates) were collected and analyzed for each of the four counties. Emphasis
was given to the richness of endangered species and the rarity of endemic species. Based on the spatial analyses of habitat,
fauna, and flora data, four to six areas were selected from each county and ranked according to their biodiversity importance.
Overlap between areas important for richness and those important for rarity was highest for data on flora (65.5%) and lowest
for data on fauna (16.7%). When different data sets were compared, the lowest overlap was between flora and fauna (17.1%)
and largest between fauna and habitats (23.9%). Simultaneous overlap among all three data sets was found in just 6.5% of the
overall selected areas. These results suggest that less specific data, with respect to taxa threat status, could better serve
as surrogate data in estimating overall biodiversity. In summary, this analysis has demonstrated that Dalmatia is a region
with a high overall biodiversity that is important in a broader European context. 相似文献
139.
Activity concentrations of 210Po and 210Pb in the species Mytilus galloprovincialis from Croatian Adriatic coast were determined. The samples were collected in thirteen sampling places which are also a part of Croatian Mediterranean mussel watch project. The results of 210Po and 210Pb activity concentrations were found to vary between (22.1 ± 2.5)-(207 ± 21) Bq kg−1 fresh weight and (2.8 ± 1.4)-(9.3 ± 0.7) Bq kg−1 fresh weight, respectively. 210Po/210Pb ratio ranged between 6.2 and 30.7. The highest measured activities were found in the enclosed basins of the Neretva channel, where the majority of Croatian mussel cultivation is taking place. The estimated consequent average total annual effective ingestion dose due to 210Po and 210Pb from mussel consumption in Croatian coastal region is 202 ± 99 μSv with 96% contribution of 210Po to the total effective dose. 相似文献
140.
Todorović B Milijasević-Marčić S Potočnik I Stepanović M Rekanović E Nikolić-Bujanović L Cekerevac M 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(3):175-179
In vitro antibacterial activity tests of seven biofungicides (Ekstrasol, Bisolbisan, Bisolbifit, Serenade, Sonata, Timorex, F-Stop) and two disinfectants (colloidal silver alone and in combination with hydrogen peroxide) against the Pseudomonas tolaasii strain (NS3B6) were carried out by the disc-diffusion, broth microdilution and broth macrodilution method. Biofungicides tested in this study did not exhibit any antimicrobial activity in neither one of the methods used. Disc diffusion method revealed high sensitivity of the tested P. tolaasii strain to Ecocute based on colloidal silver and hydrogen peroxide. Both microdilution and macrodilution methods identified the same MICs and MBCs of Ecocute (0.19 mg/L) for P. tolaasii strain. MICs and MBCs values of silver alone were much higher (10 mg/L) compared to silver in combination with hydrogen peroxide. 相似文献