全文获取类型
收费全文 | 343篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 5篇 |
废物处理 | 14篇 |
环保管理 | 15篇 |
综合类 | 48篇 |
基础理论 | 119篇 |
污染及防治 | 125篇 |
评价与监测 | 10篇 |
社会与环境 | 9篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 24篇 |
2008年 | 14篇 |
2007年 | 22篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 11篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有346条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
121.
122.
Currently, many countries are establishing goals for substituting biofuels for fossil fuels. These goals usually foresee 5–10% substitution while today's production, in most countries, is far below 2%. Evidently, many countries will seek to meet their ambitious biofuel targets through imports. This global trade in biofuels, which is to some extent already taking place, will have a major impact not only on other commodity markets like vegetable oils or animal fodder but also on the global land use change and on environmental impacts. This special issue focuses on the relation between trading, policy making and sustainability impacts of biofuels. It demonstrates the strong but complex link between biofuels production and the global food market, it unveils policy measures as the main drivers for production and use of biofuels and it analyzes various sustainability indicators and certification schemes for biofuels with respect to minimizing the adverse effects of biofuels while maximizing the benefits of the future use of biofuels. 相似文献
123.
Kost C Lakatos T Böttcher I Arendholz WR Redenbach M Wirth R 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2007,94(10):821-828
Fungus-growing ants and their fungal cultivar form a highly evolved mutualism that is negatively affected by the specialized
parasitic fungus Escovopsis. Filamentous Pseudonocardia bacteria occurring on the cuticle of attine ants have been proposed to form a mutualistic interaction with these ants in
which they are vertically transmitted (i.e. from parent to offspring colonies). Given a strictly vertical transmission of
Pseudonocardia, the evolutionary theory predicts a reduced genetic variability of symbionts among ant lineages. The aim of this study was
to verify whether actinomycetes, which occur on Acromyrmex octospinosus leaf-cutting ants, meet this expectation by comparing their genotypic variability with restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
Multiple actinomycete strains could be isolated from both individual ant workers and colonies (one to seven strains per colony).
The colony specificity of actinomycete communities was high: Only 15% of all strains were isolated from more than one colony,
and just 5% were present in both populations investigated. Partial sequencing of 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid of two
of the isolated strains assigned both of them to the genus Streptomyces. Actinomycetes could also be isolated from workers of the two non-attine ant species Myrmica rugulosa and Lasius flavus. Sixty-two percent of the strains derived from attine ants and 80% of the strains isolated from non-attine ants inhibited
the growth of Escovopsis. Our data suggest that the association between attine ants and their actinomycete symbionts is less specific then previously
thought. Soil-dwelling actinomycetes may have been dynamically recruited from the environment (horizontal transmission), probably
reflecting an adaptation to a diverse community of microbial pathogens. 相似文献
124.
125.
In the run-up for amending the Austrian landfill ordinance, parameters were developed to assess the stability/reactivity of mechanically–biologically pretreated residual wastes. The Landfill Ordinance 2008 regulates limit values for Respiration Activity (=“Atmungsaktivität”) RA4 (AT4) < 7 mgO2 * (g dry matter (DM))?1, Gas Generation Sum GS21 < 20 Nl * kg DM?1 and alternatively Gas Evolution (=“Gasbildung”) GB21 < 20 Nl * kg DM?1. Methods for analysing these parameters were established by the Austrian Standards Institute (2004). As laboratory practice shows, these methods also are used for the assessment of other wastes (sewage sludge, commercial waste, material from abandoned sites, biowaste compost). For measurement of respiration activity in Austria mainly two methods are used: the Sapromat®-method and the OxiTop®-method. Whether respectively to what extent these two methods give same results, is discussed in this paper.Since 2009 at ABF-BOKU 169 respiration activity tests of samples taken from different stages of MBT – as well as biowaste composting processes, materials from landfills as well as abandoned sites and residues from anaerobic treatment plants were analysed parallel by Sapromat® and OxiTop®. The results manifest very strong correlation between the Sapromat® and OxiTop® method. The correlation coefficient is 0.993. As a very clear tendency OxiTop® gives lower amounts than Sapromat®. In average the lower values of OxiTop® are around 88%. 相似文献
126.
The complexity of the present data-centric world finds its expression in the increasing number of multi-indicator systems.
This has led to the development of multicriteria ranking systems based on partial orders. Order theory is a main pillar of
structural mathematics. Partial orders help to reveal why an object of interest holds a certain ranking position and how much
it is subject to change if a composite indicator is upgraded. Order theory helps to derive linear or weak orders without indicator
weighting schemes. Hence, rankings obtained from decision support systems (DSS) which depend on many parameters beyond the
data matrix can be checked and discrepancies can lead to examine the parameters of the DSS. Order theory helps discover association
and implication structures derived from formal concept lattices. Association and implication networks among the attributes
of the data matrix allow more insights into multi-indicator systems and lead to new hypotheses and motivate further research.
Some new and innovative concepts, like separated subsets, antagonistic indicators, ranking stability fields are rendered.
Separated subsets are the typical outcome of a partial order analysis; their identification leads to antagonistic indicators,
which are responsible for the separatedness of object’s subsets. Numerical aggregation can be performed step-by-step and the
question which values of a weight lead to an order inversion is of high interest. The concept of stability fields is one possible
answer, discussed in this paper. After an outline of partial order theory some more specific theoretical results are shown,
then we discuss the role of composite indicators in the light of partial order and give some examples of interesting applications
of partial order. Finally examples are selected from real life case studies of watersheds, environmental performance evaluations,
child well being, geographic and administrative regions and more. 相似文献
127.
With special filter materials it is possible to eliminate the heavy metals lead, copper and nickel and arsenic from water by sorption resp. chemical bounding. After a reaction time of 24 hours the reduction rates were between 97% and >99,9%. 相似文献
128.
129.
130.
The complexity of ecosystems urges that the evaluation process should avoid an aggregation of information. The reason is that although mathematical modelling has made enormous progress (object oriented programming) there is still no ecologically reasonable function of quality. The technique to compare chemicals for example, even if they are characterized by many properties, is based on the generalization of the concept of order and the method of visualization by the using Hasse diagrams. By the example of six chemicals the procedure will be explained and it will be shown that a high hazard potential of chemicals is related to different properties, which cause different ecotoxicological consequences. 相似文献