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271.
环境因素的识别与评价是环境管理体系建立和实施的关键,生产型企业在初始环境评审时可以工程分析为重点,结合对正常和异常情况的分析,对生产过程和各部门涉及的环境影响进行全面分析,从而确定环境因素。在评价重要环境因素时,可先根据企业对外环境排放的接口情况、环境影响情况,结合商业方面的考虑制定重要环境因素评价准则,再利用评价准则评价出重要环境因素。  相似文献   
272.
膜生物反应器膜污染的水力学控制实验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
叙述了膜污染是影响膜-生物反应器处理技术推广应用的关键因素,采用水动力学方法是控制膜污染的有效方法。在不同污泥浓度条件下。对不同曝气强度下膜污染的发展速率及其形成机理进行了试验研究,研究结果表明:对应于不同污泥浓度均存在一个经济曝气强度,其大小随污泥浓度升高呈线性增加,膜生物反应器在经济曝气强度条件下运行可控制膜污染的发展;并从理论上推导出一个临界污泥浓度,其值为5.15g/L。对应于临界污泥浓度,并且污泥絮体在膜面可形成比较稳定的动态膜,膜过滤压差上升的速率最慢,膜生物反应器在此临界污泥浓度条件下运行膜污染发展最为缓慢。  相似文献   
273.
胡冉  曹波 《重庆环境科学》1998,20(4):47-49,59
选用Ames试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核实验和小鼠显性致死突变试验对新型食品添加剂“赛力奇”的致突变性进行了检验。结果表明:三项试验的结果均生。根据国家《食品安全性毒理学评价程序(试行)》的规定,认为“赛力奇”无致突变性。  相似文献   
274.
We present a technique to aspirate amniotic fluid from both sacs in biamniotic twin pregnancies using a single abdominal insertion with a spinal needle. It was successful in 48 out of 55 cases of biamniotic twin pregnancies referred to our perinatal unit between 1985 and 1994. The single insertion technique was used when the inter-amniotic membrane was clearly evident and two separate free amniotic fluid pools could be reached by the operator with a single puncture. An adequate amount of amniotic fluid was sampled from both sacs to make a cytogenetic diagnosis in all cases. There were four fetuses with trisomy 21 in three twin pregnancies. In two cases, only one twin was affected whilst the co-twin was normal, so that a selective feticide was performed. No miscarriages due to genetic amniocentesis were reported. After 1990, all genetic amniocenteses in biamniotic twin pregnancies (except for one case due to late booking) were performed between 14 and 15 weeks of gestation and with all cases except one, it was possible to sample both twins by a single puncture. We suggest that early amniocentesis (14–15 weeks) by a single abdominal puncture could be a reliable and safe alternative to first-trimester chorionic villus sampling in twin pregnancies.  相似文献   
275.
The observation that thyroid disease is frequent in mothers of children with Down syndrome (DS) has suggested that maternal thyroid antibodies could be a factor predisposing to trisomy 21 in their offspring. In this study, the incidences of thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies were analysed with a sensitive solid-phase immunosorbent radioassay in sera from 29 mothers giving birth to children with trisomy 21 and 87 control mothers. The serum samples were collected at delivery. There was no statistical difference regarding the proportion of thyroid antibodies (against Tg and/or TPO) in the two groups. Thyroid antibodies were detected in 6/29 (20.7 per cent) of the DS mothers and in 23/87 (26.4 per cent) of the control mothers. Among the women with thyroid antibodies, 4/6 (66.7 per cent) of the DS mothers and 12/23 (52 per cent) of the control mothers had antibodies against both Tg and TPO. There was no increase in the relative risk of having a child with DS if the titre of either Tg or TPO antibodies or both were positive, i.e. ≥ 1/5. The results indicate that the presence of thyroid antibodies in the serum of a pregnant woman has no prognostic value for the birth of an infant with DS.  相似文献   
276.
三江平原农业开发建设繁荣了地区经济,每年向国家提供大量的商品粮,是我国重要的商品粮生产基地.但不合理开发建设也带来一些环境问题,影响了区域经济可持续发展.农业开发建设应本着合理规划,走可持续发展之路.  相似文献   
277.
Ten out of the 12 new EU members, used to belong to the so-called “former eastern block”, with a post WWII environmental policy radically different from the tendencies followed in Western Europe. The lack of conservation regulations has resulted in a rather harmful industrialization, regarding natural resources and environmental quality. While air pollution transfer is a phenomenon of transboundary level, there is a particular interest in examining the contribution of the new EU member states to the environmental pressure faced by the older member states and vice versa. The current study utilises the official data for almost 20 years published by the European Monitoring and Evaluation Program concerning the transboundary transfer of NOx and SO2 in order to analyse the situation and discuss the present and future environmental policy regarding air pollution.  相似文献   
278.
Three cases of unusual chromosomal mosaicism are reported for which the cytogenetic data show inconsistent findings between CVS and AC or fetal tissue, and which cannot be explained simply by non-disjunction. For case 1, in CVS the karyotype was 46,XY, whereas lymphocytes and fibroblasts revealed 69,XXY. DNA fingerprinting indicated one paternal and two maternal chromosome sets, the latter most probably due to omission of maternal meiosis II. For case 2, in CVS mos 46,XX/47,XX,+mar de novo was observed. Amniotic fluid cells had the karyotype 46,XX. The origin of the marker chromosome might be explained by at least two events of unknown order (a somatic chromosome/chromatid deletion and non-disjunction of the homologous chromosome). In case 3 (CVS: mos 46,XY/46,XY,19q+ de novo; amniotic fluid cells, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts: 46,XY), the surplus of chromosome material in 19q+ might be explained on the basis of a somatic translocation. The idea of a chimera is less convincing, as the mosaic finding is restricted to one tissue. Furthermore, there was no hint of a vanishing twin. Hitherto, no case of structural chromosome mosaicism in CVS has been reconfirmed in fetal tissues.  相似文献   
279.
A case is described of the prenatal diagnosis of choroid plexus cysts at 17 weeks' gestation which persisted beyond 36 weeks but could not be detected after delivery. At birth the child was found to have trisomy 18.  相似文献   
280.
Three hundred and fifty-four women who underwent midtrimester genetic amniocentesis were matched for age, parity, indication, and smoking history, with an equivalent number of women who had declined the procedure, for the purpose of comparing the neonatal respiratory status of their offspring. There was no evidence that the infants exposed to genetic amniocentesis were compromised.  相似文献   
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