全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2236篇 |
免费 | 14篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 122篇 |
废物处理 | 145篇 |
环保管理 | 124篇 |
综合类 | 209篇 |
基础理论 | 379篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 888篇 |
评价与监测 | 247篇 |
社会与环境 | 141篇 |
灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 75篇 |
2021年 | 69篇 |
2020年 | 40篇 |
2019年 | 70篇 |
2018年 | 87篇 |
2017年 | 98篇 |
2016年 | 138篇 |
2015年 | 62篇 |
2014年 | 131篇 |
2013年 | 265篇 |
2012年 | 149篇 |
2011年 | 170篇 |
2010年 | 103篇 |
2009年 | 87篇 |
2008年 | 100篇 |
2007年 | 119篇 |
2006年 | 79篇 |
2005年 | 69篇 |
2004年 | 67篇 |
2003年 | 58篇 |
2002年 | 46篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1965年 | 3篇 |
1963年 | 4篇 |
1962年 | 4篇 |
1961年 | 3篇 |
1960年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1931年 | 1篇 |
1915年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2265条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
901.
José E. Celis Winfred Espejo Daniel González-Acuña Solange Jara Ricardo Barra 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(3):1815-1824
To add data on trace metal contamination of Humboldt penguins in the South Pacific, levels of trace metals (As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd) and porphyrins (copro-, uro-, and proto-) in excreta of Humboldt penguins that inhabit some important nesting sites on the northern coast of Chile were determined. Fresh excreta were collected on Pan de Azúcar Island, Chañaral Island, and Cachagua Island, from December 2011 to January 2012. Concentration of metals was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, whereas porphyrins levels were measured by fluorimetric analysis. Concentrations (dry weight) of Cu (199.67 μg g?1), As (7.85 μg g?1), and Pb (12.78 μg g?1) were higher (p?≤?0.05) in Cachagua Island. Colonies from Pan de Azúcar Island showed the highest levels of Hg (0.76 μg g?1), Cd (47.70 μg g?1), and Zn (487.10 μg g?1). Samples from Cachagua Island showed the highest (p?≤?0.05) levels of copro- (2.16 nmol g?1), uro- (2.20 nmol g?1), and protoporphyrins (2.23 nmol g?1). There was a positive correlation between the metals As, Pb, and Cu with uro-, copro-, and protoporphyrins. The results indicated that penguin colonies from Cachagua Island are more exposed to metal contamination than penguin colonies from Pan de Azúcar and Chañaral Islands, thus being more likely to develop certain diseases caused by contamination with metals. Considering biomagnification, the metals detected in the excreta of Humboldt penguins can be a source of contamination from marine environments to terrestrial ecosystems, which could also affect other living organisms. 相似文献
902.
Ondřej Zvěřina Kamil Láska Rostislav Červenka Jan Kuta Pavel Coufalík Josef Komárek 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(12):9089-9100
The study was designed to investigate the content and distribution of selected heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Fe, Pb and Zn) in samples of fruticose macrolichen Usnea antarctica from James Ross Island. A special emphasis was devoted to mercury and its species (elemental mercury and methylmercury). It was found that mercury contents were relatively high (up to 2.73 mg kg?1 dry weight) compared to other parts of the Antarctic Peninsula region, while the concentrations of most other elements were within reported ranges. Mercury contents in lichens originating from the interior were higher than those from the coast, which is probably the result of local microclimate conditions. Similar trends were observed for Hg0 and MeHg+, whose contents were up to 0.14 and 0.098 mg kg?1 dry weight, respectively. While mercury did not show a significant correlation with any other element, the mutual correlation of some litophile elements probably refers to the influence on thalli of resuspended weathered material. The influence of habitat and environmental conditions could play an essential role in the bioaccumulation of contaminants rather than just the simple presence of sources. Thus, the study of the thalli of this species can bring a new perspective on the interpretation of contaminant accumulation in lichens of the polar region. 相似文献
903.
Blažo Boev Trajče Stafilov Katerina Bačeva Ajka Šorša Ivan Boev 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(6):3781-3788
Mineral phases and their content were determined in attic dust samples collected from 27 houses in the Tikve? Valley, Republic of Macedonia. By using quantitative X-ray diffraction, the principal mineral phases were determined to be the serpentinite group (chrysotile, lizardite) and amphibole group of minerals (ribecite, tremolite, actinolite) present in the attic dust samples from this region which are not common constituents of urban dust. Strong correlations existed between these mineral phases in the dust and those in ores processed at a ferronickel smelter plant situated in this region. Spatial distributions of specific mineral phases were made and were consistent with wind directions and predicted deposition (60–70 %) of dust emitted from the metallurgical plant. 相似文献
904.
Mikołaj Kokociński Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek Tomasz Jurczak Lisa Spoof Jussi Meriluoto Edyta Rejmonczyk Henna Hautala Markus Vehniäinen Jakub Pawełczyk Janne Soininen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(8):5243-5264
The cyanobacterial cytotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) has become increasingly common in fresh waters worldwide. It was originally isolated from Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii in Australia; however, in European waters, its occurrence is associated with other cyanobacterial species belonging to the genera Aphanizomenon and Anabaena. Moreover, cylindrospermopsin-producing strains of widely distributed C. raciborskii have not yet been observed in European waters. The aims of this work were to assess the occurrence of CYN in lakes of western Poland and to identify the CYN producers. The ELISA tests, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-DAD, and HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS were conducted to assess the occurrence of CYN in 36 lakes. The cyrJ, cyrA, and pks genes were amplified to identify toxigenic genotypes of cyanobacteria that are capable of producing CYN. The toxicity and toxigenicity of the C. raciborskii and Aphanizomenon gracile strains isolated from the studied lakes were examined. Overall, CYN was detected in 13 lakes using HPLC-MS/MS, and its concentrations varied from trace levels to 3.0 μg?L?1. CYN was widely observed in lakes of western Poland during the whole summer under different environmental conditions. Mineral forms of nutrients and temperature were related to CYN production. The molecular studies confirmed the presence of toxigenic cyanobacterial populations in all of the samples where CYN was detected. The toxicity and toxigenicity analyses of isolated cyanobacteria strains revealed that A. gracile was the major producer of CYN. 相似文献
905.
E. Marín E. Hernández S. Bourhim A. Rúa 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1346-1350
ABSTRACT The annual average concentrations (1986–1997) of the major ions SO4 2-, NO3 -, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+ in precipitation are analyzed for selected EMEP stations. The objective is to determine the ion patterns or typologies in precipitation by principal component analysis (PCA) combined with a cluster analysis. SO4 2- and NO3 - ions are predominant in central and eastern Europe. This area corresponds to high emissions of SO2 and NO2. Sea spray ions are predominant in coastal sites. The soil components show an important contribution in southern Europe, possibly due to the soil dust transported from northern Africa. 相似文献
906.
Luiz-Silva Wanderson Maceira Maria Elvira Pieiro Rotunno Filho Otto Corra Chou Sin Chan 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2022,27(1):13-28
Environmental Modeling & Assessment - The São Francisco River Basin plays a critical role in the hydroelectrical operational planning of Brazil. Understanding the hydroclimatic dynamic... 相似文献
907.
María Luisa González De Canales Milagrosa Oliva Carmen Garrido 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):95-105
The purpose of the present study was to research the sublethal and/or lethal effects produced by the exposure of fish and shellfish to the γ isomer of lindane, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH). The teleostean fish Sparus aurata and the shellfish Crassostrea angulata and Scrobicularia plana, were exposed to 16 μ g/L of lindane for 15 days. Samples of different fish (liver, kidney and gills) and shellfish (gills, gut, digestive gland and mantle) tissues were extracted and processed for histopathological observations. Although mortality was not detected during the bioassay, sublethal effects (histopathological alterations) were observed. Vacuolization in the liver cells and lamellar fusion in gills from exposed fish were observed. Disorganization of normal gill structure, epithelial desquamation with the disappearance of apical ciliature in intestine, and inflammatory response in mantle from exposed shellfish were also observed. Thus, it can be concluded that the lindane concentration employed in the present research did not produce lethal effects in the exposed organisms but it caused sublethal effects. Lindane has time-dependent multiple toxic effects in S. aurata, C. angulata and S. plana, which were more severe at the end of the experimental time. The toxicological implications arising from these results are subjects for further multiconcentration tests dealing with lethal responses (mortality) or with sublethal responses (cellular/molecular biomarkers) of the aforementioned species. 相似文献
908.
Cecilia Izcapa-Treviño Octavio Loera Araceli Tomasini-Campocosio Fernando Esparza-García Juan A. Salazar-Montoya María D. Díaz-Cervantes 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):798-804
The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that a Fenton (H2O2/Fe) reaction was involved in DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane)] degradation in a culture of Penicillium sp. spiked with FeSO4. A commercial DDT mixture (10% DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene], 30% o,p-DDT and 60% of p,p′ -DDT) of 10 mg L? 1 was used. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), tartaric acid and oxalic acid were identified at 18 h in culture media, with and without added DDT; this correlated positively with lowering of pH from 5.8 to 2.7. Lower concentrations of oxalic acid and H2O2 (7.9 and 52.6 mg L? 1, respectively) occurred in media with DDT at 30 h, in comparison to that one without DDT mixture (27.9 and 65.3 mg L? 1, respectively), at this time there was maximum degradation (87.7, 91.7 and 94.2%) for DDE, o,p-DDT and p,p′-DDT, respectively. We propose that the degradation of the DDT mixture by Penicillium sp. was through a Fenton reaction (H2O2/Fe) under acidic conditions produced in situ during the fungal culture amended with FeSO4. 相似文献
909.
Martha P. García De Llasera Leopoldo Cruz-Reyes Luz E. Vera-Avila 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(1):25-32
A method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) was developed for quantitative extraction of three organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) from the Mexican axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum. The determination was carried out using high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array spectrophotometric UV detection (DAD). The MSPD extraction with octadecylsilyl (C18) sorbent combined with a silica gel clean-up and acetonitrile elution was optimised for chlorpyrifos, fenthion and methyl parathion. The method was validated, yielding recovery values higher than 90%. The precision, expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD), was less than or equal to 6% in muscle samples at spiking levels of 10 and 5 ppm. Linearity was studied from 15 to 60 ppm for chlorpyrifos and fenthion, and from 7.5 to 30 ppm for methyl parathion. The limits of detection (LODs) were found to be less than or equal to 0.5 ppm.This method was applied to the analysis of samples from a chlorpyrifos-exposed axolotl, demonstrating its use as an analytical tool for toxicological studies. 相似文献
910.
Magdalena Gucia Grażyna Jarzyńska Anna K. Kojta Jerzy Falandysz 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):81-88
Mature specimens of Parasol Mushroom were collected annually in the outskirts of the Siemiany (2000–2003) and Rafa (2001–2003) sites in the northern part of Poland to examine temporal variations and similarities in the composition of 20 chemical elements. Analysis was done under the same condition and using well-validated analytical methods. Elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy and cold vapour–atomic absorption spectroscopy (Hg). The ranges of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn concentrations in the caps of fruiting bodies were similar (p > 0.05; Mann-Whitney U test) for both geographically distant sites, and these specimens from Rafa were more contaminated with Pb (p < 0.05; Mann-Whitney U test). The annual collections of caps in the Siemiany site varied in Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Na, Rb and Sr and contents (0.05 < p < 0.001), while they were similar in Cr, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb and Zn (p > 0.05; Mann-Whitney U test). The annual collections of specimens from the Rafa site varied in contents of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, P, Rb and Zn (p > 0.05), while they were similar in Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Na, Ni, Pb and Sr (p < 0.05). The results of this study imply that metallic elements content of Parasol Mushroom collected at the same undisrupted sites, and hence keeping the same geochemical condition for mushroom development and fructification (the same stands and probably the same mycelia), can fluctuate over the years or the life-span of mycelium. Hence, when assessing the nutritional value of essential metallic elements and status of non-essential or toxic metallic elements in Parasol's Mushroom caps (and probably also of other mushrooms species) to man, the possible fluctuation in contents over time have to be taken into account. 相似文献