太原市“十四五”规划大气污染防治政策的CO2协同效益评估

为量化评估太原市“十四五”大气污染防治政策的减污降碳协同效益,使用京津冀温室气体-空气污染相互作用与协同模型（GAINS-JJJ）,模拟评估13项大气污染防治措施的减排潜力,CO₂的协同减排效益.2025年政策情景下一次PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO_x、VOCs和NH₃分别减排1.8（5%,相对于基准情景减排比例,下同）、2.5（2%）、3.7（16%）、20.0（27%）、13.6（15%）和0.0 kt（0%）,CO₂减排9.0 Mt（13%）,CH₄排放增加203.3 kt（相对于基准情景增加25%）.SO₂、NO_x与VOCs减排主要发生在电力、工业燃烧与溶剂使用部门,CO₂减排主要发生在工业燃烧部门,CH₄排放量增加是由于煤矿开采活动水平升高.限制“双高”行业的能源消耗,严禁新增产能以及可再生能源发电比例提升措施的CO₂协同减排效益最高.VOCs具有优异协同减碳效益.建议太原市进一步推进终端电气化政策,同时需加大提升电力行业清洁能源比重和可再生能源发电的消纳能力.     

紫外吸收光谱法监测硫化氢浓度的实验研究

紫外吸收光谱法是利用不同气体在紫外波段对光具有选择吸收的特性来测量排放烟气中的气体成分和浓度。基于这种方法设计出一套能够实时、在线监测硫化氢的实验装置。在常温常压状态下,通过对测量的一次光谱进行分析,计算出硫化氢的标准吸收截面,选择合适的数据处理方法,减小浓度计算时的误差,可得出硫化氢的实时浓度值。     

壁面加热作用对街道峡谷污染物扩散的影响

采用CFD软件Fluent研究了不同壁面加热条件下街道峡谷内流场及污染物浓度分布情况.结果表明,当街道高宽比(H/W)为1.33时,在低风速(u=1m/s)条件下,当壁面与周围大气无温差时,街道峡谷内存在一个稳定的顺时针大漩涡,污染物在背风侧堆积.当背风面、地面和背风面分别被加热时,峡谷内流场分布与无温差时相似,此时峡谷内的湍流强度增强,导致污染物浓度降低.当迎风面被加热时,峡谷内流场由原来的单漩涡结构变为双漩涡结构,此时街道峡谷下部浓度较高,上部浓度相对较低.当地面和迎风面同时被加热,温差较小(?θ=2℃)时,街道峡谷内流场由单漩涡结构变为双漩涡结构; 温差增大为5℃,峡谷内由双漩涡分裂成了3个漩涡,此时污染物分布与迎风面被加热情况相似.通过实测值和模拟值的比较可知,Fluent软件对街道峡谷大气环境的模拟结果基本合理.     

Geochemistry of the barkinite liptobiolith (Late Permian) from the Jinshan Mine,Anhui Province,China

This paper discusses the geochemistry and mineralogy of the barkinite liptobiolith of the Late Permian age from the Jinshan Mine, Guangde County, Anhui Province, China. Samples were examined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometry, ion-selective electrode, sequential chemical extraction, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray, and optical microscopy. The coal is a medium-ash and high-sulfur resource. Minerals in the coal are composed of kaolinite, pyrite, calcite, and quartz. Pyrite and calcite are derived from seawater during peat accumulation. Quartz in the coal is of authigenic origin. Part of the kaolinite is from a land-source region, and part occurs as cell-fillings and is of authigenic origin. The results also indicate that the barkinite liptobiolith contains some toxic elements in high concentrations. Elements including Li, Be, Si, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ga, Se, Y, Zr, Mo, the rare earth elements (REEs), W, Hg, Tl, Pb, Th, and U in the coals are enriched in the barkinite liptobiolith. Results of sequential chemical extraction showed that Li, Sc, Ti, Cr, Y, Zr, REEs, and Th in the coal mainly occur as silicates, while Be and W are related to organic matter. Pyrite is the dominant source of S, Mo, Hg, Tl, and Pb. Gallium only occurs in silicate, and U and V occur both in organic and silicate associations.     

CdI42-·Fe(phen)32+离子对1,2-二氯乙烷萃取光度法测定水中痕量镉的研究

研究萃取光度法测定痕量Cd的最佳实验条件,结果表明,λ_max=512nm,ε=2.42×10⁶L·mol^-1·cm^-1,相对标准偏差为2.6%(自来水)和3.1%(河水).水样中Cd的含量在0-1μg/25ml范围内服从比尔定律。应用于自来水及河水中Cd的测定,结果令人满意。     

炭膜及其在环境领域中的应用

介绍了一种新型的无机分离膜———炭膜 ,讨论了炭膜的孔结构等基本性质 ,综述了这种新材料在气体分离、饮用水净化和废水处理等方面的应用 ,并结合目前炭膜的研究开发现状 ,分析了制约其发展的因素及相应的解决方法     

Expanding the valorization of waste mushroom substrates in agricultural production: progress and challenges

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Waste mushroom substrate (WMS) generated in large quantities from mushroom production process has caused severe environmental pollution. As a...     

Impacts of leachate of landfill on the groundwater hydrochemistry and size distributions and heavy metal components of colloids: a case study in NE China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Colloids associated with heavy metals are ubiquitous in contaminated groundwater; waste accumulation at imperfectly sealed landfills can produce large...     

Uptake kinetics and interaction of selenium species in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Selenite and selenate are two main selenium (Se) forms absorbed by plants. The comparative effects of selenite and/or selenate on Se uptake and...     

凹凸棒土基磁性复合材料对水溶液中Cu(Ⅱ)和氯酚的吸附特性

针对粉末状凹凸棒土在实际应用中难以固液分离的问题,采用铁酸钴对有机改性后的凹凸棒土(OAT)进行磁性负载,制备凹凸棒土基铁酸钴磁性复合材料(MOAT),探究它对水溶液中Cu(Ⅱ)和氯酚的双组分吸附性能。结果表明,与凹凸棒土原土相比,MOAT对氯酚的吸附量明显提高,且在外加磁场的条件下能够快速实现固液分离。单组分溶液体系中,MOAT的吸附速率很快,对Cu(Ⅱ)和氯酚的吸附分别在150 min和40 min即可达到吸附平衡。在pH值=5的双组分溶液体系中,Cu(Ⅱ)的存在对MOAT吸附氯酚的性能有很大影响,而氯酚对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附量则影响很小,MOAT优先吸附Cu(Ⅱ)。无机盐离子的存在会促进MOAT对两种物质的吸附性能,增加吸附量。