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181.
A batch kinetic study on decolorization and inhibition of Reactive Black 5 and Direct Brown 2 in an anaerobic mixed culture 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Decolorization and inhibition kinetic characteristics of two azo dyes namely Reactive Black 5 (RB 5) and Direct Brown 2 (DB 2) were investigated with partially granulated anaerobic mixed culture using glucose (3000 mg l(-1) COD) as carbon source and electron donor during batch incubation. Monod, zero-, first-, and second-order reaction kinetic models were tested in order to determine the most suitable rate model of substrate and color removal kinetic. The course of the decolorization and substrate removal process approximates to first-order kinetic model under batch conditions. Decolorization, and substrate removal were achieved effectively under test conditions but ultimate removal of azo dyes and substrate were not observed at high dye concentrations. Aromatic amine and volatile fatty acid accumulation were observed proportionally at a higher azo dye concentration. A competitive kinetic model that describes the anaerobic co-metabolism of increasing RB 5 and DB 2 dye concentrations with glucose as co-substrate has been developed based on the experimental data. 相似文献
182.
One-year-old rope-grown blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) were held in experimental lantern nets and cross-transplanted between two sea lochs (Lochs Etive and Leven) on the west coast of Scotland. Growth and mortality were monitored from May 1991 to May 1992, as well as shell morphology in native and transplanted mussels. There were highly significant differences (P0.001) in growth rates between lochs; both native and transplanted mussels performed better in all shell and tissue growth-parameters in Loch Etive than in Loch Leven. Stock also had a significant (P0.05) influence on shell length and live weight, but its contribution to total variance was considerable only in the latter case. Wet and ash-free dry meat weights were governed mainly by site and to some extent by site x stock interaction. Mortality rates were quite low (6 to 7% yr-1) and did not show any significant variation either between sites or stocks. There were significant morphological differences (ratios of shell length, height and width) between the Loch Etive and Loch Leven populations (P0.001) which persisted for one year after transfer. Stock appeared to be the main factor affecting shell morphology, as opposed to site. Linear regressions of shell height and width on length were significantly different between the native stocks, but became indistinguishable from those of the recipient populations one year after reciprocal transfer. This did not, however, conceal the effect of stock origin on dimensional ratios. It is concluded that site differences related to environmental factors, notably chlorophyll a levels and currents, and also possible stress caused by high levels of Zn and Cu, are major determinants of growth, which are of main interest to aquaculture, while morphological differences most probably result from genotypic variation. 相似文献
183.
Altun L Yilmaz M Acar C Turna I Başkent EZ Bilgili E 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2003,24(4):415-422
The De?irmendere and Galyan (De?irmendere tributary) Rivers that discharge their water into the Black Sea are important watersheds in the northeastern part of Turkey. Water quality parameters were sampled from 1997 through 2001 for each year at five sites (three for Galyan, two for Degirmendere) along 29 and 42 km gradients, respectively covering all seasons. Surface water was collected from the sites and analyzed for temperature, total alkaline (MAAL), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, conductivity (EC), nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), total hardness (TH), phenolphthalein alkalinities (PAL) and organic matter (PV). Seasonal changes of water quality were analyzed statistically for both Rivers and evaluated according to the TS 266, EU and WHO standards. The analysis of variance results showed that Ca, Mg, MAL, NO3, pH, TDS and TH parameters of the De?irmendere River and Ca, DO, EC, MAL, NO3, pH and TH parameters of the Galyan River showed seasonal differences (p<0.05). The maximum values of the water pollution parameters for the two Rivers were below the threshold values throughout the study period. When both Rivers were compared, the mean values of the pollution parameters of the Degirmendere River were higher than those of the Galyan River and very close the limits. The results indicate that both Rivers can be used for the production of potable water during all seasons but only with an advanced treatment in the De?irmendere and a moderate treatment in the Galyan River, and for indirect and non-contact recreational activities. 相似文献
184.
The aim of this study is to determine the contents of aluminum, iron, manganese, nickel, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium, lead, and mercury in sediments at 1–30?m depths of the Band?rma and Erdek Gulfs in the Southern Inner Shelf of the Marmara Sea. Sediment samples were collected from different depths (1?m, 5?m, 10?m, 20?m, 30?m) at each region in February 2008. Primary hydrographic conditions, such as temperature (6.6–14.5°C), salinity (22.6–26.875 psu), percentage of dissolved oxygen saturation (35–83 %), and pH (8.0–8.4) were recorded for each sampling point. Moreover the total organic carbon (0.5–2.9%) and the total calcium carbonate contents (0.8–60%) of sediment samples were determined. In surface sediments of both gulfs, Pb (21–62?mg?kg?1) and Cd (0.52–0.86?mg?kg?1) contents were determined to be higher than the shale average (Pb 20?mg?kg?1, Cd 0.2?mg?kg?1) while the other metal contents were measured to be lower in general. On the other hand, generally Hg (0.06–1.1?mg?kg?1) contents were higher than the shale average (0.3?mg?kg?1)at all of the examined stations in the Band?rma Gulf and lower than the shale average in the Erdek Gulf. 相似文献
185.
Sedat Keleş 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(6):468-474
The integration of carbon sequestration value of forest ecosystems into forest management planning models has become increasingly important in sustainable forest management. This study analyses the economic effects of different minimum cutting ages on timber and carbon sequestration values for a Scots pine forest clumped mainly in older age classes in northeast Turkey. The analysis is performed by formulating three optimisation models. The objective of each model is to maximise net present value (NPV) of harvested timber, net present value of carbon sequestration and the total net present value of timber production and carbon sequestration, respectively. Results showed that increasing the minimum cutting ages by 10 years increased the NPV of timber by 10.5%. However, the current minimum cutting ages were optimal for maximizing the NPV of carbon and the sum of the NPV of timber and carbon benefits. In addition, the model outputs were found to be quite sensitive to unit carbon prices. 相似文献
186.
187.
Bilgili Faik Kuşkaya Sevda Ünlü Fatma Gençoğlu Pelin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):36189-36207
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Since export has a key role in economic growth in terms of national production quantity, export quality can be considered another important factor... 相似文献
188.
Kalefetoğlu Macar Tuğçe Macar Oksal Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin Yalçin Emine Yapar Kürşad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(40):60508-60518
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The immense protection potential of plant-derived products against heavy metal toxicity has become a considerable field of research. The goal of the... 相似文献
189.
L. Basco-Carrera E. Meijers H. D. Sarısoy N. O. Şanli S. Coşkun W. Oliemans 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2018,25(8):747-764
The sustainable development agenda 2030 calls for achievement of certain targets to ensure access to water and sanitation for all. Multi-stakeholder partnerships and the use of data and modelling tools are conditioning elements for their achievement. In this article, we demonstrate that participatory modelling supports informed and participatory decision making in complex river basins. An adapted companion modelling approach is presented to support collective action by reducing disputes and enhancing collaboration among stakeholders. The co-development and use of empirical models for understanding the complexity of the physical system is combined with the use of role-playing games to ensure the active involvement of stakeholders. The approach is implemented in a top-down water quality planning process in Turkey. Results show its suitability for managing water quality in complex river basins in an inclusive manner and its substantial benefits in developing stakeholders’ capacities and creating a cooperative environment. 相似文献
190.
Zehra Bozkurt Eftade O. Gaga Fatih Taşpınar Akif Arı Beyhan Pekey Hakan Pekey Tuncay Döğeroğlu Özlem Özden Üzmez 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(3):168
In this study, PM10 concentrations and elemental (Al, Fe, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Pb, and Bi) contents of particles were determined in Düzce, Turkey. The particulate matter samplings were carried out in the winter and summer seasons simultaneously in both urban and sub-urban sampling sites. The average PM10 concentration measured in the winter season was 86.4 and 27.3 μg/m3, respectively, in the urban and sub-urban sampling sites, while it was measured as 53.2 and 34.7 μg/m3 in the summer season. According to the results, it was observed that the PM10 levels and the element concentrations reached higher levels, especially at the urban sampling site, in the winter season. The positive matrix factorization model (PMF) was applied to the data set for source apportionment. Analysis with the PMF model revealed six factors for both the urban (coal combustion, traffic, oil combustion, industry, biomass combustion, and soil) and sub-urban (industry, oil combustion, traffic, road dust, soil resuspension, domestic heating) sampling sites. Loadings of grouped elements on these factors showed that the major sources of the elements in the atmosphere of Düzce were traffic, fossil fuel combustion, and metal industry-related emissions. 相似文献