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281.
Jennifer L. Harris Kevin MacIsaac Kent D. Gilkinson Ellen L. Kenchington 《Marine Biology》2009,156(9):1891-1902
Ophiura sarsii was collected in May/June from Banquereau Bank off Nova Scotia, Canada as part of the benthic fauna analyzed in a 2 year
clam dredging-impact experiment. In total, 529 O. sarsii specimens were analyzed; 174 (33%) had stomach contents while the rest were empty. Ophiura sarsii is a trophic generalist feeding on at least 31 taxa (52% identified to species) drawn from four phyla: Arthropoda (81.8%),
Annelida (13.2%), Mollusca (3%), and Cnidaria (1.5%). However, the diet was largely restricted to two amphipod families (Ampeliscidae
and Lysianassidae), accounting for 54–70% of stomach contents at any one sampling period. This diet provides indirect evidence
for carnivory. Limited spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the proportion of animals feeding showed no consistent pattern.
Where diet composition differed (ANOSIM) it was attributed to the proportion of lysianassid and ampeliscid amphipods consumed.
Dredging introduced new dietary items, although diet composition was not significantly altered. 相似文献
282.
Raffaele Vignola Bruno Locatelli Celia Martinez Pablo Imbach 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2009,14(8):691-696
In developing countries where economies and livelihoods depend largely on ecosystem services, policies for adaptation to climate
change should take into account the role of these services in increasing the resilience of society. This ecosystem-based approach
to adaptation was the focus of an international workshop on “Adaptation to Climate Change: the role of Ecosystem Services”
held in November 2008 in Costa Rica. This article presents the key messages from the workshop. 相似文献
283.
284.
Francesca Bruno Daniela Cocchi Alessandro Vagheggini 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2013,20(3):467-494
In this study a conceptual framework for assessing the statistical properties of a non-stochastic spatial interpolator is developed through the use of design-based finite population inference tools. By considering the observed locations as the result of a probabilistic sampling design, we propose a standardized weighted predictor for spatial data starting from a deterministic interpolator that usually does not provide uncertainty measures. The information regarding the coordinates of the spatial locations is known at the population level and is directly used in constructing the weighting system. Our procedure captures the spatial pattern by means of the Euclidean distances between locations, which are fixed and do not require any further assessment after the sample has been drawn. The predictor for any individual value turns in a ratio of design-based random quantities. We illustrate the predictor design-based statistical properties, i.e. asymptotically p-unbiasedness and p-consistency, for simple random sampling without replacement. An application to a couple of environmental datasets is presented, for assessing predictor performances in correspondence of different population characteristics. A comparison with the equivalent non-spatial predictor is presented. 相似文献
285.
R. Peter Richards David B. Baker Jack W. Kramer D. Ellen Ewing Barbara J. Merryfield Nancy L. Miller 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(2):423-438
ABSTRACT: A computerized technique was developed to identify storm runoff episodes and calculate storm discharges, storm loads, and storm average concentrations for each event in datasets with up to 10,000 records. This technique was applied to four watersheds within the Lake Erie drainage basin and identified between 160 and 250 runoff events in each. Storm event loads and storm event mean concentrations were calculated for each runoff event for suspended solids, total phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen. The basic characteristics of the resulting data are described, as are systematic differences as a function of watershed size, seasonal differences, and trends over time. Many of the results of this study reflect the importance of nonpoint processes and improvements in agricultural best management practices in these watersheds. 相似文献
286.
287.
Silvana Salerno Riccardo Tartaglia Sauro Garzi Andrea Biagioni Giovanni Rulli Bruno Maggi 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(1):97-106
The aim of this research is the application of the Method of Organizational Congruencies before and after the substitution of organic solvents with vegetable agents for the cleaning of an offset printing machine in order to assess the organizational changes. A solvent-free process is the goal of the Subsprint Project (Technology Transfer Program of the European Community). This, study shows how human and environmental health is improved by using vegetable agents, though this change may lead to some other organizational constraints such as an increase of tbe time needed, monotony, and repetitiveness of the technical actions involved. The authors underline that the knowledge of the impact of the new technology on health helps a better understanding of the resistance to the change and its further amelioration. 相似文献
288.
Abstract It is widely acknowledged that promoting the long-term sustainability of rural areas requires an assessment of their capacity to handle stress from a host of external and internal factors such as resource depletion, global trading agreements, service reductions and changing demographics, to name but some. The sustainability literature includes a number of approaches for conducting capacity evaluations but is sparse regarding effective methods and empirical examples. This article provides one approach for assessing community capacity and gives results from its application to a specific Canadian rural community. The authors use general capacity variables and indicators to focus on a particular stress, namely impacts from climate change, and on one type of capacity, namely the capacity to adapt (to such climatic change). A basic framework and profiling tool (‘amoeba’) for describing the resources underlying community adaptive capacity are offered. The researchers provide a set of indicators reflecting social, human, institutional, natural and economic resources and relate them to climate change adaptation at the community level. Although the indicators cannot be replicated exactly for other rural communities, the essentials of the framework and the profiling tool can. In fact it is hoped that the ideas and example found in this article will encourage researchers to enhance and improve on the methods and results for work on community capacity. 相似文献
289.
dos Santos Filho Edson Antônio Siqueira Danilo Diniz Araújo Edcleide Maria Luna Carlos Bruno Barreto de Medeiros Everaldo Paulo 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(2):443-460
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Nowadays, there is a need to obtain eco-friendly materials, especially plastics that are responsible for most of the environmental pollution. In this... 相似文献
290.
Nolasco Maria E. Lemos Viviane A. S. López Gina Soares Sandra A. Feitosa Johnny P. M. Araújo Bruno S. Ayala Alejandro P. de Azevedo Marleane M. F. Santos Francisco E. P. Cavalcante Rivelino M. 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(7):2862-2874
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The aim of the present study was to perform morphological and chemical characterizations of microplastics (MPs) found in seawater samples from the coast of... 相似文献