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391.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differentially affect the response to high zinc concentrations of two registered poplar clones 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Lingua G Franchin C Todeschini V Castiglione S Biondi S Burlando B Parravicini V Torrigiani P Berta G 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,153(1):137-147
The effects of a high concentration of zinc on two registered clones of poplar (Populus alba Villafranca and Populus nigra Jean Pourtet), inoculated or not with two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae or Glomus intraradices) before transplanting them into polluted soil, were investigated, with special regard to the extent of root colonization by the fungi, plant growth, metal accumulation in the different plant organs, and leaf polyamine concentration. Zinc accumulation was lower in Jean Pourtet than in Villafranca poplars, and it was mainly translocated to the leaves; the metal inhibited mycorrhizal colonization, compromised plant growth, and, in Villafranca, altered the putrescine profile in the leaves. Most of these effects were reversed or reduced in plants pre-inoculated with G. mosseae. Results indicate that poplars are suitable for phytoremediation purposes, confirming that mycorrhizal fungi can be useful for phytoremediation, and underscore the importance of appropriate combinations of plant genotypes and fungal symbionts. 相似文献
392.
Bruno Pennelli Karl-Otto Nagel Giuseppe Crivellaro Claudio Fabiani Alexandra Vancova Laura Mancini 《Water environment research》2006,78(4):446-455
The European Union Water Framework Directive requires the achievement of environmental objectives for the ecological quality of water bodies. A comparable implementation of the Directive throughout member countries of the European Union is necessary to verify equal protection of surface waters. The Directive specifies that member states determine ecological quality by means of biological indices. To improve comparability of water quality assessment, this research carried out an intercalibration trial between the Slovak Saprobic Index and the Italian protocol of the Extended Biotic Index, as part of a cooperative program between Italy and the Slovak Republic. When assessing streams with no or low pollution, statistics showed similar results for both methods. In contrast, the comparison of indices was not accurate in the case of severely affected waters. Reliable conversion formulas are feasible to transform the Italian Extended Biotic Index into the Slovak Saprobic Index, and not vice versa. 相似文献
393.
Costa Maria Angélica Martins da Silva Bruno Menezes de Almeida Sâmilla Gabriella Coelho Felizardo Marcos Paulo Costa Ana Flávia Martins Cardoso Arnaldo Alves Dussán Kelly Johana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8835-8852
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Energy demand has increased worldwide, and biomass burning is one of the solutions most used by industries, especially in countries that have a great... 相似文献
394.
Giménez J Rovira M Clarens F Casas I Duro L Grivé M Bruno J de Pablo J 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》2006,83(1-2):42-52
Due to the higher stability of the spent nuclear fuel (mainly composed of UO2) under reducing conditions, and in order to enhance the retention/retardation of some key radionuclides, the olivine rock from the Lovasj?rvi intrusion has been proposed as a potential redox-active backfill-additive in deep high-level nuclear waste (HLNW) repositories. In this work, two different approaches have been undertaken in order to establish the redox buffer capacity of olivine rock: (1) The capacity of the rock to respond to changes in pH or pe has been demonstrated and the final (pH, pe) coordinates agree with the control exerted by the system Fe(II)/Fe(III). (2) The rate of consumption of oxygen has been determined at different pH values. These rates are higher than the ones reported in the literature for other solids, what would point to the possibility of using this rock as an additive to the backfill material in a HLNW. 相似文献
395.
Antunes SC Castro BB Gonçalves F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2004,127(3):367-375
The toxic effects of lindane on the zooplankton communities may be strongly related to the population fitness, which is highly dependent on food availability. In order to test this hypothesis, acute (immobilisation) and chronic (life-history) responses of Daphnia longispina and Daphnia magna, reared at different food levels (low, normal, and high), were assessed in laboratorial exposures to several concentrations of lindane. A bifactorial design was employed (food level versus lindane concentration) for both species. Results showed that lindane was toxic to both D. magna and D. longispina, within a similar range. However, lindane toxicity to daphnids was dependent on food level, suggesting that the latter is an important factor to take into account when assessing the toxic effects of lindane on zooplankton communities. 相似文献
396.
Professor Bruno Dallapiccola Leopoldo Zelante Gianni Perla Giuseppe Villani 《黑龙江环境通报》1984,4(5):383-386
Cyst-like masses in the neck and back region, simulating an encephalocele, were detected by midtrimester ultrasound examinations in two sib fetuses. After termination, the fetuses were found to have large cystic hygromas. The present observation strongly suggests the existence of an autosomal recessive type of cystic hygroma. 相似文献
397.
Peter R. Grace John AntleP.K. Aggarwal Stephen OgleKeith Paustian Bruno Basso 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2012,146(1):137-146
Soil organic carbon sequestration rates over 20 years based on the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) methodology were combined with local economic data to determine the potential for soil C sequestration in wheat-based production systems on the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The C sequestration potential of rice-wheat systems of India on conversion to no-tillage is estimated to be 44.1 Mt C over 20 years. Implementing no-tillage practices in maize-wheat and cotton-wheat production systems would yield an additional 6.6 Mt C. This offset is equivalent to 9.6% of India's annual greenhouse gas emissions (519 Mt C) from all sectors (excluding land use change and forestry), or less than one percent per annum. The economic analysis was summarized as carbon supply curves expressing the total additional C accumulated over 20 year for a price per tonne of carbon sequestered ranging from zero to USD 200. At a carbon price of USD 25 Mg C−1, 3 Mt C (7% of the soil C sequestration potential) could be sequestered over 20 years through the implementation of no-till cropping practices in rice-wheat systems of the Indian States of the IGP, increasing to 7.3 Mt C (17% of the soil C sequestration potential) at USD 50 Mg C−1. Maximum levels of sequestration could be attained with carbon prices approaching USD 200 Mg C−1 for the States of Bihar and Punjab. At this carbon price, a total of 34.7 Mt C (79% of the estimated C sequestration potential) could be sequestered over 20 years across the rice-wheat region of India, with Uttar Pradesh contributing 13.9 Mt C. 相似文献
398.
Antonia Köhler Philipp Hildenbrand Elke Schleucher Rüdiger Riesch Lenin Arias-Rodriguez Bruno Streit Martin Plath 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(8):1513-1523
Sexual harassment by males has the potential to affect almost any aspect of female behavior and life history. Using Atlantic
mollies (Poecilia mexicana) as a model—a species in which males do not court but almost constantly try to forcefully mate with females—we asked whether
and how male harassment influences (a) females’ time budgets and (b) feeding rates (e.g., through frequent flight from male
approaches), and (c) whether metabolic rates are increased as a response to stress. Field observations in a natural P. mexicana population revealed that males (average feeding rate 15%) spent far less time feeding than females (60%), and clearly traded
off frequent pursuit of females with foraging. Most importantly, females’ feeding times were dramatically reduced when being
pursued by a harassing male. Also in standardized lab experiments, females spent significantly less time feeding when accompanied
by a male as compared to being in the presence of another female. This effect was also observed when partner fish (male or
female) were presented only visually, but could not interact physically with the focal female. It seems, therefore, that females
increase vigilance when a harassing male is around, which keeps them from feeding even before males actually approach them.
Based on the latter result, we asked whether a stress-induced increase in metabolic rates would be discernible. We measured
oxygen consumption and gill ventilation frequencies (opercular rates) of females in different social contexts (alone, with
another female, or a male). The predicted, strong body mass dependency of both physiological parameters was uncovered, but
no evidence for an effect of social context was detected. We argue that male harassment represents such a constant (but non-lethal)
stressor for poeciliid females that their metabolic stress responses have adapted to this through habituation. 相似文献
399.
Filipkowska A Kowalewska G Pavoni B Łęczyński L 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,182(1-4):455-466
Sediment samples were collected in two Polish ports of international significance--the Port of Gdańsk and the Port of Gdynia (Gulf of Gdańsk, Baltic Sea)--in order to assess their butyltin and phenyltin contamination; this was done in 2008, just after the total ban on using harmful organotins in antifouling paints on ships came into force. Altogether, 21 sampling stations were chosen to present a diversity of port sites: from port canals and shipyards to anchorages and dumping sites. The organic carbon content and grain size of all the sediment samples were determined, and some environmental parameters (oxygen content, salinity) were measured as well. Total concentrations of butyltin compounds in sediment samples were very different and ranged between 1 and 18,520 ng Sn g(-1) d.w. Phenyltin contents were distinctly lower and ranged from below the limit of detection (most samples) to 660 ng Sn g(-1) d.w. The highest concentrations of organotins were found in the shipyards, the maximum total organotin content (19,180 ng Sn g(-1) d.w.) being found in the Gdańsk Ship Repair Yard 'Remontowa'. Butyltin degradation indices indicate a recent tributyltin input into the port sediments. The results obtained from this work prove that the international ban on using organotins may not be enough to protect the marine environment. It is necessary to monitor organotin contamination in ports and establish concentration limits of these compounds for the disposal of dredged material at sea. 相似文献
400.
Adams Eliane Neves Bruno B. Prola Liziê D. T. de Liz Marcus V. Martins Lucia R. R. Ramsdorf Wanessa A. de Freitas Adriane M. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):23812-23821
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Losartan potassium (LOS) is one of the most antihypertensives used in the world, and its presence in environmental matrices can cause impacts to... 相似文献