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81.
Marine Protected Dramas: The Flaws of the Brazilian National System of Marine Protected Areas 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Leopoldo C. Gerhardinger Eduardo A. S. Godoy Peter J. S. Jones Gilberto Sales Beatrice P. Ferreira 《Environmental management》2011,47(4):630-643
This article discusses the current problems and issues associated with the implementation of a National System of Marine Protected
Areas in Brazil. MPA managers and higher governmental level authorities were interviewed about their perceptions of the implementation
of a national MPA strategy and the recent changes in the institutional arrangement of government marine conservation agencies.
Interviewees’ narratives were generally pessimistic and the National System was perceived as weak, with few recognizable marine
conservation outcomes on the ground. The following major flaws were identified: poor inter-institutional coordination of coastal
and ocean governance; institutional crisis faced by the national government marine conservation agency; poor management within
individual MPAs; problems with regional networks of marine protected areas; an overly bureaucratic management and administrative
system; financial shortages creating structural problems and a disconnect between MPA policy and its delivery. Furthermore,
a lack of professional motivation and a pessimistic atmosphere was encountered during many interviews, a malaise which we
believe affects how the entire system is able to respond to crises. Our findings highlight the need for a better understanding
of the role of ‘leadership’ in the performance of socio-ecological systems (such as MPA networks), more effective official
evaluation mechanisms, more localized audits of (and reforms if necessary to) Brazil’s federal biodiversity conservation agency
(ICMBio), and the need for political measures to promote state leadership and support. Continuing to focus on the designation
of more MPAs whilst not fully addressing these issues will achieve little beyond fulfilling, on paper, Brazil’s international
marine biodiversity commitments. 相似文献
82.
Baraj B Niencheski F Fillmann G De Martinez Gaspar Martins C 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,179(1-4):155-162
Factorial design plan was experimented in Perna perna in order to find out the contribution of day exposure, Cd and Cu concentrations in water, and their interactions on metallothioneins (MT), Cd, and Cu (the dependent measured variables) in the gills. The picture obtained is more adequate than by studying the factor effect separately. Compared with the control group, the MT concentration after 22?days exposure period in the mixture of 100?μg/mL Cu and Cd is increased almost two times, showing that P. perna might be used as a biomonitor. Cd showed stronger effect than Cu on MT inducing. 相似文献
83.
84.
Silva LI Justino CI Lopes I Pereira R Freitas AC Calado R Rocha-Santos TA Panteleitchouk TS Pereira ME Duarte AC 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(6):1811-1815
A new methodology for the assessment of thiocyanate (SCN(-)) is proposed based on optical fiber (OF) detection coupled to a liquid chromatography system (LC). The developed methodology showed an adequate performance for the analysis of SCN(-) comparable to a high performance liquid chromatography with UV detector (HPLC-UV) methodology: a detection limit of 3 μg L(-1), a linear range from 4 to 400 μg L(-1), and an analytical time of less than 6 min. The OF based methodology was of compact design and easy operation. This simple system has the potential to be used as a sensing approach for SCN(-) in seawater. 相似文献
85.
Galante-Oliveira S Oliveira I Ferreira N Santos JA Pacheco M Barroso C 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(2):304-312
Nucella lapillus (dog whelk) imposex levels were assessed along the mainland Portuguese coast in 2006 and 2008 and were compared with available data from 2003 for the same area. Given that specimen size has been described as a factor inducing variation in some of the imposex assessment indices, and thus resulting in less reliable results, new monitoring and data analysis procedures are described and applied to study change of imposex levels from 2003 to 2008. A significant decline in imposex intensity was observed in the study area during the study period, and the Portuguese coast ecological status (under the terms defined by the OSPAR Commission) notably improved after 2003, confirming the effectiveness of the Regulation (EC) No. 782/2003 in reducing TBT pollution. Nevertheless, N. lapillus populations are still extensively affected by imposex, and fresh TBT inputs were detected in seawater throughout the coast in 2006. These recent inputs are attributed to vessels still carrying TBT antifoulants applied before 2003, as their presence in vessels was only forbidden in 2008. Considering that Regulation (EC) No. 782/2003 is an anticipation of the IMO global ban entered into force in September 2008, a worldwide-scale decrease in TBT pollution can be expected in the near future. 相似文献
86.
Fumian Tulio Machado Ferreira Fernando César de Andrade Juliana da Silva Ribeiro Canal Natália Silva Gomes Gabriela Teixeira Lilian Borges Miagostovich Marize Pereira 《Food and environmental virology》2021,13(4):553-559
Food and Environmental Virology - Norovirus is a major cause of foodborne-associated acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks worldwide. Usually, food products are contaminated either during... 相似文献
87.
Silva Marcio Roberto Ferreira Fernando César Maranhão Adriana Gonçalves Lanzarini Natália Maria de Carvalho Castro Karina Neboo Miagostovich Marize Pereira 《Food and environmental virology》2021,13(4):528-534
Food and Environmental Virology - Enteric viruses have been described as important contaminants in fresh and ready-to-eat foods such as sandwiches, deli meat and dairy products. This is a... 相似文献
88.
Gama Nuno Godinho B. Barros-Timmons Ana Ferreira Artur 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(4):1451-1461
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Aiming at minimizing the issues associated with the disposal of polymers, in this study, elastomeric materials derived from 100% recycled feedstocks were... 相似文献
89.
Guimarães Barbara Maria Ribeiro Scatolino Mário Vanoli Martins Maria Alice Ferreira Saulo Rocha Mendes Lourival Marin Lima José Tarcísio Junior Mario Guimarães Tonoli Gustavo Henrique Denzin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(6):8665-8683
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The growing demand for products with lower environmental impact and the extensive applicability of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have received... 相似文献
90.
Schmitt Odair J. Andriolo Jerônimo L. Silva Isley C. B. Tiecher Tadeu L. Chassot Tatiane Tarouco Camila Peligrinotti Lourenzi Cledimar Rogério Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira Marchezan Carina Casagrande Cleiton Renato Drescher Gerson Laerson Kreutz Márcio André Brunetto Gustavo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(29):44186-44198
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Copper (Cu) can be toxic to vegetables when it is absorbed and accumulated at large concentrations, a fact that increases the risk of excessive... 相似文献