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21.
Roubeix V Fauvelle V Tison-Rosebery J Mazzella N Coste M Delmas F 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(6):1655-1663
The Leyre River is the main tributary to the Bassin d'Arcachon lagoon. Herbicides belonging to the chloroacetanilide class have been found in the river (S-metolachlor and acetochlor) as well as some of their metabolites at higher concentrations. As the environmental toxicity of these molecules is not well known, ecotoxicological tests have been carried out on river periphyton at different levels of biological diversity: from the clone of one diatom species (Nitzschia nana) to the population of the same species (several clones) up to the multi-specific species community dominated by diatoms. Moreover, tests were performed on diatoms coming from an unpolluted upstream site and from a contaminated downstream site, in order to investigate possible tolerance acquisition to pollutants. The method consisted in measuring diatom growth inhibition at different doses of each substance from the increase of chlorophyll-a concentration after 4 days. It resulted that acetochlor was clearly more toxic than S-metolachlor at all levels of biological diversity. EC(50) values estimated from the tests suggest no effect of contaminants on diatom growth or biomass in the river. The toxicity of the metabolites appeared very low compared to that of their parent compounds. No difference in tolerance to the herbicides was demonstrated between summer diatom communities from the two sites in spite of different specific compositions. However, concerning the populations of N. nana isolated in winter following the highest herbicide concentrations in the river (about 0.5 μg L(-1)), the downstream population showed a higher tolerance to acetochlor but there was no co-tolerance to S-metolachlor. Thus, it appeared that acetochlor represents the highest toxic pressure on periphyton among the other contaminants in the Leyre River. 相似文献
22.
Emmanuel Fort Laure Pourcel Philippe Davezies Camille Renaux Mireille Chiron Barbara Charbotel 《Safety Science》2010,48(10):1412-1420
Road accidents sustained at work represent between 20% and 40% of work fatalities in most industrialised countries, yet few data on occupational road accident risk factors have been published. A case control study was performed to assess the role of work-related risk factors in the occurrence of occupational road accidents. A preliminary qualitative study was carried out to identify possible occupational factors in occupational road accidents, and to draw up the case control study. Cases were recruited from the Rhône road trauma registry (France), controls from voting lists. A telephone interview was performed. Exposure to road risk was measured as a percentage of work time. One hundred and forty-six cases and 440 matched controls were interviewed. Accident risk was found to increase with exposure. Driving was associated with more difficult working conditions than found in jobs not involving driving. These difficulties, however, were not systematically associated with increased occupational road accident risk. Among factors which still emerge after adjustment for road risk exposure, there are scheduling issues (inflexible schedule organisation, lack of consecutive rest-days, lack of flexibility in performing the work), difficulties of communication with superiors, low seniority in the activity, low educational level and physical constraints at work. This study highlights some possible occupational road accident risk factors. Given the chosen case/control methodology, the findings may be considered as advancing our knowledge of the subject, but need confirmation by further studies. 相似文献
23.
A. Barba M. Navarro S. Navarro García M.A. Cámara C.M. Coste 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5-6):547-556
Summary Adsorption of chlorfenvinphos and methidathion from dissolutions on H+, Ca++, Na+ and K+ are studied. In all cases the saturating cation distinctly influenced the Freundlich‐type adsorption, with adsorption decreasing in the following sequence: H+> Ca++> Na+ > K+. Chlorfenvinphos adsorption was slightly greater than methidathion in two clays, and the adsorption extent for them in kaolinite is slower that bentonite. 相似文献
24.
The distribution of ecological resources and their significance for males and females may vary considerably. Intersexual behavioural
interactions may lead, combined with particular resource configurations, to sexual spatial segregation. We investigated this
issue relative to host plant use in females of the purple-edged copper butterfly, Lycaena hippothoe. Males exhibited nectar resource-based territoriality, which is an uncommon mate-locating system in butterflies. They perched
and patrolled in large territories harassing every passing female. In our study system, the percentage of spatial dimension
shared for adult and larval resources was estimated at 50%, and males monopolised 28% of the nectar-rich zones. Under these
conditions of harassment, females travelled between nectar-rich zones for feeding and zones with suitable host plants for
egg laying, but often without nectar and hence with low male density. This is likely to limit their time budget and, potentially,
their realised fecundity as suggested by the low number of eggs found relative to population size. Females were also highly
specialised in selecting host plants under particular environmental conditions. Using test choice in experimental cages, we
showed that, in the absence of males, only micro-climatic conditions may significantly influencing egg-laying decisions. Moreover,
results of egg-rearing experiments under different temperature treatments suggested that eggs were laid in thermally suitable
micro-environments. The highly selective egg-laying behaviour can be viewed as a preference-performance choice. Knowledge
of individuals' behaviour, including sexual interactions, can be highly significant for our understanding of habitat use,
which in turn can be essential for conservation. We discuss this for L. hippothoe, a species of regional conservation concern. 相似文献
25.
Kuhn Felipe Gustavo Berghahn Emilio Marder Munique Konrad Odorico Sperotto Raul Antonio Granada Camille Eichelberger 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(2):717-726
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Hulls are considered residues from rice production, and due to its low commercial value, there is little interest in developing biotechnological... 相似文献
26.
Lévêque Thibaut Dumat Camille Lagier Laura Schreck Eva Ruales Jenny Capowiez Yvan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(20):20052-20063
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - At the global scale, urban agriculture is increasingly developing in cities due to demographic growth and sustainable food concerns. But, urban soils... 相似文献
27.
The degradation of metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] as influenced by soil type, temperature, humidity, organic fertilizers, soil sterilization, and ultra-violet radiation was studied in two soil types of Lebanon under laboratory conditions. The two soil types were sandy loam and clay. Deamination of metribuzin in the sandy loam soil to its deaminometribuzin (DA) derivative was basically a result of biological activity. In the clay soil the first metabolite diketometribuzin (DK) was a result of oxidative desulfuration, while diketo-deaminometribuzin (DADK) was the product of reductive deamination. The two soils represented major differences in the pesticide transformation processes. Photodecomposition on the soil surface and in aqueous media was also an important process in the degradation of metribuzin. Furthermore, the increase in soil organic matter enhanced degradation. 相似文献
28.
Camille Parmesan 《Conservation biology》2008,22(3):805-806
29.
Nicolas Gruchy Eleonore Blondeel Nathalie Le Meur Géraldine Joly-Hélas Pascal Chambon Marianne Till Martine Herbaux Adeline Vigouroux-Castera Aurélie Coussement James Lespinasse Florence Amblard Mélanie Jimenez Pocquet Camille Lebel-Roy Frédérique Carré-Pigeon Elisabeth Flori Francine Mugneret Sylvie Jaillard Catherine Yardin Radu Harbuz Marie-Agnès Collonge-Rame Philippe Vago Mylène Valduga Nathalie Leporrier François Vialard 《黑龙江环境通报》2016,36(6):523-529
30.
Arini A Baudrimont M Feurtet-Mazel A Coynel A Blanc G Coste M Delmas F 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(12):3386-3398
Despite a significant decrease in the metallic waste emissions from an industrial site and a remediation process initiated in 2007, the Riou-Mort watershed (southwest France) still exhibits high Cd and Zn concentrations. Metal wastes have long been proven to significantly disturb aquatic communities. In this study, bioaccumulation capacities and responses to the chemical improvement of the hydrosystem were assessed for a year along the contamination gradient through the comparison of two biological models: Corbicula fluminea and periphytic biofilms, both considered as good bioindicators. Bioaccumulation results confirmed the persistence of water contamination in Corbicula fluminea and biofilms with, respectively, maximum Cd concentrations reaching 80.6 and 861.2 μg gDW(-1), and Zn concentrations 2.0 and 21.3 mg gDW(-1). Biofilms exhibited bioaccumulation in close correlation with water contamination, while Corbicula fluminea presented Cd bioaccumulation clearly regulated by water temperature and metal concentrations, affecting the ventilatory activity, as revealed by condition indices measurements. Also, a linear regression using Cd bioaccumulation and temperature () showed that below approximately 6 °C Corbicula fluminea did not appear to accumulate metals. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were higher in biofilms in comparison with Corbicula fluminea and showed the great accumulation capacity of suspended particulate matter in biofilms. However, bioaccumulation capacities are known to be influenced by many factors other than metal concentrations, such as temperature, water oxygenation or plankton and nutrient concentrations. Thus, this study demonstrates the power of a combined assessment using both Corbicula fluminea and biofilms as bioindicators to give a more integrated view of water quality assessment. Finally, when comparing our results with previous studies, the start of hydrosystem restoration could be shown by decreasing bioaccumulation in organisms. 相似文献