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891.
为了进一步研究烷烃类气体在与氧气接触时的爆炸特性规律,对烃类气体爆炸理论、爆炸特性参数做了理论分析和计算,并以甲烷和丙烯为例,通过对其爆炸极限、爆炸压力、爆炸压力上升速率、爆炸指数的测试,探讨了氧含量对烃类气体爆炸特性的影响。测试结果表明:氧含量的增加能提升其最大爆炸压力,当氧含量达到一定值时,理论计算值已不适用;提高甲烷爆炸极限的宽度,对其爆炸上限影响十分显著,但对爆炸下限的影响并不明显;对爆炸压力上升速率也有巨大的促进作用,当氧含量提高时,爆炸压力上升速率可能提升数十倍;并测得了丙烯在80℃,表压0.14MPa条件下的极限氧含量值(LOC)。总之,氧含量的增加对烃类气体爆炸特性的促进作用是十分显著的。 相似文献
892.
根据(JJF 1059.1-2012),建立了原子荧光度法测定保健食品中硒不确定度数学模型,分析了整个过程中各种不确定度的影响因素。量化各不确定度分量,计算合成不确定度和扩展不确定度。为检测机构实验室质量管理体系正常运行提供参考资料。本次测量结果为0.822±0.04 mg/kg,合成相对不确定度值为0.022 7;扩展不确定度为0.04 mg/kg,最大的不确定度是样品重复测定引起,其次是标准曲线拟合引起的不确定度。 相似文献
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895.
因子分析法是主成分分析方法的推广和深化,用于研究样本中变量之间的相关关系,把原来的多个变量化为少数几个综合指标的一种多元分析方法。用该法对嘉陵江顺庆段水质进行评价,结果表明该水体受到了不同程度的有机物污染,其中NO-3-N、SS、BOD5和非离子氨所占的负荷最大,这为环境治理提供了科学的依据。 相似文献
896.
不确定度是反映某一测量方法,在一定置信概率条件下测量所产生的不确定度量。文章对水质自动监测仪器中氨氮全自动分析仪在测量过程中影响结果的各不确定度分量进行了分析,并计算出仪器示值误差的扩展不确定度。 相似文献
897.
To evaluate the protective effects of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GPS) against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced hepatotoxicity in Jian carp, the fish were fed diets containing GPS at doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg for 60 days before an intraperitoneal injection of 0.6 μg/kg TCDD at a volume of 0.05 mL/10 g body weight. At 72 hr post-injection, blood and liver samples were taken for biochemical analysis and the fish liver samples were used for the preparation of pathological slices. The results showed that increases in alanine aminotransferase (GPT), aspartate aminotransferase (GOT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum induced by TCDD were significantly inhibited by pre-treatment with 1.0 g/kg GPS. Following the 1.0 g/kg GPS pre-treatment, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in liver tissue increased significantly, malondialdehyde (MDA) formation (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) was significantly inhibited, and the expression of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A), aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (AHR2) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2 (ARNT2) mRNA (P < 0.05) was significantly enhanced. Histological observations on fish liver were obtained by preparing paraffin tissue sections via HE staining, and the results showed that histological changes were obviously reduced by 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg GPS. GPS significantly reduced liver tissue damage caused by TCDD. Overall, these results proved the hepatoprotective effect of GPS in protecting against fish liver injury induced by TCDD, and supported the use of GPS (1.0 g/kg) as a hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent in fish. 相似文献
898.
Microwave assisted digestion followed by ICP-MS for determination of trace metals in atmospheric and lake ecosystem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The study of trace metals in the atmosphere and lake water is important due to their critical effects on humans,aquatic animals and the geochemical balance of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the concentration of trace metals in atmospheric and lake water samples during the rainy season(before and after precipitation)between November and December 2015. Typical methods of sample preparation for trace metal determination such as cloud point extraction,solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction are time-consuming and difficult to perform; therefore,there is a crucial need for development of more effective sample preparation procedure. A convection microwave assisted digestion procedure for extraction of trace metals was developed for use prior to inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometric determination. The result showed that metals like zinc(133.50–419.30 μg/m~3)and aluminum(53.58–378.93 μg/m~3)had higher concentrations in atmospheric samples as compared to lake samples before precipitation.On the other hand,the concentrations of zinc,aluminum,chromium and arsenic were significantly higher in lake samples after precipitation and lower in atmospheric samples. The relationship between physicochemical parameters(pH and turbidity)and heavy metal concentrations was investigated as well. Furthermore,enrichment factor analysis indicated that anthropogenic sources such as soil dust,biomass burning and fuel combustion influenced the metal concentrations in the atmosphere. 相似文献
899.
Huan Li Lan Cao Changjun Yang Zhehui Zhang Bingguang Zhang Kejian Deng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(10):84-90
A novel magnetically recoverable thioporphyrazine catalyst (CoPz(S-Bu)8/SiO2@Fe3O4) was prepared by immobilization of the cobalt octkis(butylthio) porphyrazine complex (CoPz(S-Bu)8) on silica-coated magnetic nanospheres (SiO2@Fe3O4). The composite CoPz(S-Bu)8/SiO2@Fe3O4 appeared to be an active catalyst in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol in aqueous solution using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant under Xe-lamp irradiation, with 36.4% conversion of benzyl alcohol, about 99% selectivity for benzoic acid and turnover number (TON) of 61.7 at ambient temperature. The biomimetic catalyst CoPz(S-Bu)8 was supported on the magnetic carrier SiO2@Fe3O4 so as to suspend it in aqueous solution to react with substrates, utilizing its lipophilicity. Meanwhile the CoPz(S-Bu)8 can use its unique advantages to control the selectivity of photocatalytic oxidation without the substrate being subjected to deep oxidation. The influence of various reaction parameters on the conversion rate of benzyl alcohol and selectivity of benzoic acid was investigated in detail. Moreover, photocatalytic oxidation of substituted benzyl alcohols was obtained with high conversion and excellent selectivity, specifically conversion close to 70%, selectivity close to 100% and TON of 113.6 for para-position electron-donating groups. The selectivity and eco-friendliness of the biomimetic photocatalyst give it great potential for practical applications. 相似文献
900.
曹斌 《安全.健康和环境》2017,17(1)
应用道化学公司"火灾、爆炸危险指数评价法(道七版)"计算乙苯—苯乙烯装置的火灾、爆炸危险指数,结果表明通过补偿火灾、爆炸危险指数,操作单元危险等级和危险程度可以接受。 相似文献