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Canzanella Silvia Danese Amalia Mandato Maria Lucifora Giuseppe Riverso Caterina Federico Giovanni Gallo Pasquale Esposito Mauro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(21):26545-26557
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Toxic trace elements from both, natural and anthropogenic origin, pose a threat to aquatic environments and marine wildlife due to their long-range... 相似文献
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Kim Bronsgeest Eline E. R. Lust Lidewij Henneman Neeltje Crombag Caterina M. Bilardo Daphne Stemkens Robert-Jan H. Galjaard Esther Sikkel Sanne H. van der Hout Mireille N. Bekker Monique C. Haak 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(7):873-880
Objectives
First-trimester ultrasound screening is increasingly performed to detect fetal anomalies early in pregnancy, aiming to enhance reproductive autonomy for future parents. This study aims to display the current practice of first-trimester ultrasound screening in developed countries.Method
An online survey among 47 prenatal screening experts in developed countries.Results
First-trimester structural anomaly screening is available in 30 of the 33 countries and is mostly offered to all women with generally high uptakes. National protocols are available in 23/30 (76.7%) countries, but the extent of anatomy assessment varies. Monitoring of scan quality occurs in 43.3% of the countries. 23/43 (53.5%) of the respondents considered the quality of first-trimester ultrasound screening unequal in different regions of their country.Conclusions
First-trimester screening for structural fetal anomalies is widely offered in developed countries, but large differences are reported in availability and use of screening protocols, the extent of anatomy assessment, training and experience of sonographers and quality monitoring systems. Consequently, this results in an unequal offer to parents in developed countries, sometimes even within the same country. Furthermore, as offer and execution differ widely, this has to be taken into account when results of screening policies are scientifically published or compared. 相似文献23.
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Canesi L Ciacci C Betti M Fabbri R Canonico B Fantinati A Marcomini A Pojana G 《Environment international》2008,34(8):1114-1119
The potential for human and ecological toxicity associated with nanomaterials is a growing area of investigation. In mammalian cells, nanoparticles have been shown to induce inflammation and oxidative stress, and changes in cell signalling and gene expression. As the nanotechnology industries increase production, nanoscale products and by products will enter the aquatic environment, posing a possible threat to aquatic organisms. In particular, filter-feeding organisms may represent a unique target group for nanoparticle toxicology. In this work, the effects of commercial nanosized carbon black (NCB) on the immune cells, the hemocytes, of the bivalve mollusc Mytilus, and the possible mechanisms involved were investigated. The results demonstrate that NCB (1, 5, and 10 microg/ml), did not induce significant lysosomal membrane destabilization, as evaluated by the NR retention time assay. A concentration-dependent uptake of NCB by hemocytes was observed and it was associated by a rapid increase in extracellular lysozyme release, extracellular oxyradical production, and nitric oxide (NO) release. Moreover, at the highest concentration tested, NCB induced significant changes in mitochondrial parameters (decrease mitochondrial mass/number and membrane potential), as evaluated by flow cytometry. The effects of NCB were mediated by rapid activation of the stress-activated MAPKs (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases) p38 and JNKs, that play a key role in immune and inflammatory responses. The results demonstrate that in mussel hemocytes like in mammalian cells NCB exposure can induce inflammatory processes, and indicate that bivalve immunocytes can represent a suitable model for investigating the effects and modes of action of nanoparticles in the cells of aquatic invertebrates. 相似文献
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Massimo Cordone Mario Lituania Caterina Zampatti Ubaldo Passamonti MD Gian Michele Magnano Paolo Tomà 《黑龙江环境通报》1989,9(11):745-750
A prenatal diagnosis of campomelic dysplasia in a primigravida is described. First level fetal ultrasonography demonstrated bowing and shortening of lower limbs. Second level examination allowed the correct diagnosis by demonstrating several skeletal anomalies pathognomonic of campomelic dysplasia. 相似文献
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Francesco Di Maria Alessio Sordi Caterina Micale 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(11):2557-2567
The global gaseous emissions produced by landfilling the Mechanically Sorted Organic Fraction (MSOF) with different weeks of Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) was evaluated for an existing waste management system. One MBT facility and a landfill with internal combustion engines fuelled by the landfill gas for electrical energy production operate in the waste management system considered. An experimental apparatus was used to simulate 0, 4, 8 and 16 weeks of aerobic stabilization and the consequent biogas potential (Nl/kg) of a large sample of MSOF withdrawn from the full-scale MBT. Stabilization achieved by the waste was evaluated by dynamic oxygen uptake and fermentation tests. Good correlation coefficients (R2), ranging from 0.7668 to 0.9772, were found between oxygen uptake, fermentation and anaerobic test values. On the basis of the results of several anaerobic tests, the methane production rate k (year?1) was evaluated. k ranged from 0.436 to 0.308 year?1 and the bio-methane potential from 37 to 12 N m3/tonne, respectively, for the MSOF with 0 and 16 weeks of treatment. Energy recovery from landfill gas ranged from about 11 to 90 kW h per tonne of disposed MSOF depending on the different scenario investigated. Life cycle analysis showed that the scenario with 0 weeks of pre-treatment has the highest weighted global impact even if opposite results were obtained with respect to the single impact criteria. MSOF pre-treatment periods longer than 4 weeks showed rather negligible variation in the global impact of system emissions. 相似文献
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Lorenzo Fattorini Francesco Ferretti Caterina Pisani Andrea Sforzi 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2011,18(2):291-314
A design-based strategy for estimating wildlife ungulate abundance in a Mediterranean protected area (Maremma Regional Park)
is considered. The estimation is based on pellet group count (clearance count technique) in a set of plots, whose size and
number is established on the basis of practical considerations and available resources. The sampling scheme involves a preliminary
stratification and subsequent two-stage sampling. In the first stage, large strata (defined through habitat features) are
partitioned into spatial units and a sample of units is selected by means of a sampling scheme ensuring inclusion probabilities
proportional to unit size, but avoiding the selection of contiguous units. Then, the abundances of the selected units are
estimated in a second stage, in which plots are located using a random scheme ensuring an even coverage of the units. In small
strata, only the second stage is performed. Unbiased estimators of abundance and conservative estimators of their variances
are derived for each strata and for the whole study area. The proposed strategy has been applied since the Summer of 2006
and the estimation results reveal substantial improvement with respect to the previous results obtained by means of an alternative
strategy. 相似文献