Efficiency assessment of coal energy and non-coal energy under bound dynamic DDF DEA

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The demand for energy has continued to increase because of global economic development, which has led to rising fuel prices and continued pollution...     

基于许用可靠度的输油管道腐蚀裕量与腐蚀剩余寿命

分析认为输油管道的最大腐蚀深度符合I型极大值分布,基于许用可靠度,建立了2个计算公式:①确定输油管道的腐蚀裕量;②确定输油管道的腐蚀剩余寿命。实例验证了方法的有效合理性。     

Atmospheric emission characterization of a novel sludge drying and co-combustion system

A novel system combining sludge drying and co-combustion with coal was applied in disposing sludge and its atmospheric emission characteristics were tested. The system was composed of a hollow blade paddle dryer, a thermal drying exhaust gas control system, a 75 tons/hr circulating fluidized bed and a flue gas cleaning system. The emissions of NH3, SO2, CH4 and some other pollutants released from thermal drying, and pollutants such as NOx, SO2 etc. discharged by the incinerator, were all tested. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans （PCDD/Fs） in the flue gas from the incinerator were investigated as well. The results indicated that the concentrations of NOx and SO2 in the flue gas from the incinerator were 145 and 16 mg/m^3, respectively, and the I-TEQ concentration of 2,3,7,8-substitued PCDD/Fs was 0.023 ng I-TEQ/Nm^3. All these values were greatly lower than the emission standards of China. In addition, there was no obvious odor in the air around the sludge dryer. The results demonstrated that this drying and co-combustion system is efficient in controlling pollutants and is a feasible way for large-scale treatment of industrial sludge and sewage sludge.     

中空纤维膜接触器分离烟气中CO2

在中空纤维膜接触器试验台上利用模拟烟气进行CO2的分离试验,采用MDEA与MEA和MDEA与氨基酸盐2种混合吸收液,考察吸收液种类、浓度、CO2负荷和烟气CO2含量对脱除效率和传质速率的影响.结果表明,在MDEA水溶液中加入MEA或氨基酸盐作为添加剂,大大提高了脱除效率,改善了传质速率,相对于单一的MDEA吸收液,混合吸收液的脱除效率平均提高了200%,传质速率提高了238%,其中以MEA作为添加剂的混合吸收液的传质速率在2种混合吸收液中最好,传质速率最高可以达到1.7 mol·m-2·h-1.     

建材与室内空气质量关系的评价方法

室内污染是对人体健康的五大环境危险之首，相当多的建筑材料在使用过程中含有人体有害成分，构成了室内污染的主体。文章对建筑材料对室内窑品质的直接和间接影响论述，并在此基础上提出了建筑材料对室内空气品质的影响的评价原则及方法。     

煤中汞燃烧过程析出规律试验研究

在小型煤粉燃烧实验台架上进行煤燃烧后汞的燃烧形态转化试验研究。采样过程利用了美国EPA推荐使用的On-tario-Hydro方法进行煤样燃烧产物的取样。研究认为，煤样燃烧后烟气中的气态汞总量在10－15μg/m^3范围内，其中二价汞在40％左右，较低的烟气冷却速率可以促进单质汞向二价汞的转化、烟气中的气态汞占总汞的70％左右。     

O2/CO2气氛下氮反应机理的研究

选取CH4、O2、CO2、Ar、NO、NH3，等气体，作为混合气和煤粉一起送入一维沉降炉内，以模拟O2／CO2气氛下煤中燃料氮、循环NO以及二者的相互作用对NO排放的影响，结果显示，在还原性气氛下NH3、HCN、CH4、CO与循环NO间的反应是NO排放下降的主要因素，且煤焦与NO的异相反应、吸附反应对NO的降解效果要明显高于氧化性气氛，同时，CO2体积分数的增加使得燃料中氮的氧化率升高，循环NO的降解率下降；氧化性气氛下随CO2体积分数的增加，燃料中氮的氧化率也增加，但循环NO的降解率升高．当CO2体积分数不变时，其对NO降解的作用随循环NO体积分数的增加愈加明显，在循环NO也不变且CO2体积分数较低时，随过量空气系数的增加，循环NO的降解率下降，而CO2体积分数较高时则出现相反情况。     

医疗废物典型组分在回转窑内的热解-气化研究

在小型回转窑上对模拟医疗废物的4种典型组分进行了批量热解-气化试验.实验结果表明,热解-气化反应物料的转化率较高（80%～100%）,基本上随热解-气化终温（FPT）的升高而升高.热解-气化反应中物料的热裂解反应在30min以内基本结束.FPT的升高,有利于挥发分的析出、减少残渣量和处置时间.从试验结果来看,第一段初级处理中采用约700℃的回转窑反应温度比较适合实现医疗垃圾的完全热解和气化.