Etude comparee de la resistance de trois souches virales en eau de mer et en eau de riviere

The authors made a comparative study of the resistance of three strains of virus, Sabin poliovirus I, Mahoney poliovirus I and réovirus I, in sea-water and in river water, “in vitro” and “in situ” in dialysis bags. The results show the preponderant role of the incubation temperature and the exchanges existing between bags on the resistance of the viral strains. The role of these different factors is discussed.     

Naphtha- und Anthrachinonredoxharze sowie hydrophile Mischkondensationsredoxharze

The Science of Nature -     

Impact of moisture on volatility of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incinerated in a laboratory scale simulated incinerator

In this work, the impact of moisture on the volatility of heavy metals present in municipal solid wastes (MSW) in a laboratory scale simulated incinerator was studied, using synthetic waste consisting of 5.4 g of wood powder, 2.6 g lava, 1.9 polythene, 0.19 g polyvinyl chloride, and a given quantity of water and heavy metals represented by lead, zinc and copper in forms of metallic, chlorides and oxides. It is found that the presence of high moisture in MSW will greatly reduce the volatilization of heavy metals in MSW in the incineration process. The volatilization behavior of chlorides, oxides and the metallic species with respect to the effect of moistures is quite different. For copper, the presence of moisture in MSW depresses the volatilization of oxides, and increases that of chloride and the metallic species, while in contrast, the volatilization of both lead and zinc is always depressed by the presence of moisture in MSW, regardless of the chemical forms used. The chemical mechanisms, which govern the volatilization behaviors of different chemical forms in the incineration process, are proposed. Hydrolysis, dewatering of hydrolyzed species, sublimation, chemical transformation of less volatiles to more volatiles or reverse, may participate in and affect the volatilization of heavy metals in MSW.