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181.
Kamila Klimaszewska Costel Sârbu Żaneta Polkowska Barbara Walna Jacek Namieśnik 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(2):87-97
Discharges of nutrients, urea, dissolved organic matter and heavy metals by a sewage underwater pipeline are analysed in comparison to environmental conditions in a shallow coastal zone. Variable thermo-haline stratifications of the water column and currents in upper (2.62–34.97 cm s?1) and deeper (0.83–10.91 cm s?1) layers drive vertical diffusion and lateral transport of wastewaters. Loads of reactive phosphorus (0.13 tons d?1) and ammonium (1.62 tons d?1) by the pipeline are not negligible compared to the major river loads in the gulf. High concentrations of urea (≤11.51 μmol N dm?3) were found in the area of wastewater release. Ammonium uptake (6.14–534 nmol N dm?3 h?1) strongly exceeded nitrate uptake (0.19–138 nmol N dm?3 h?1), indicating that discharges of ammonium by the pipeline are actively assimilated by plankton community even at low levels of light. Distribution of Zn (≤27.7 ppb), Cu (≤25.6 ppb), Cd (≤0.80 ppb) and Pb (≤13.5 ppb) in the water column and the measurement of their complex-forming capacity in seawater did not indicate a persistent perturbation of the pelagic environment due to heavy metals. 相似文献
182.
Although PVC-containing wastes are an important potential source of energy they are frequently disposed in landfill. In thermal treatment processes such as pyrolysis and gasification, the presence of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), a compound with 56.7% of chlorine, may cause problems concerned with environmental protection, as consequence of the formation of hydrochloric acid, chlorine gas and dioxins, as well as corrosion phenomena of the reactor/equipment materials. Thus, a possible solution may involve a previous removal of the chlorine from PVC containing waste through a pyrolysis process at low temperatures before the material being submitted to a subsequent thermal treatment, for energetic valorization. In this work, a kinetic model for the thermal decomposition of PVC has been developed, in view of its de-chlorination. DTA/TGA testing at different temperatures indicated a first order reaction and an activation energy of 133,800J/mol. An almost completed de-chlorination reaction was obtained at 340°C under an inert atmosphere. The resulted material is a C(n)H(n) type polymer with potential to be used in an energy recovery process. Validation test performed at laboratory scale indicate that the temperature of 340°C enables the removal of ~99.9% of the chlorine present in PVC. The chloride can be fixed in the form of an aqueous solution of HCl or calcium chloride, driving to an alternative full process with environmental benefits and reduction of the costs associated to the PCV - containing materials/wastes management. 相似文献
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随着经济的发展,人们面临着越来越严重的环境问题,人居环境开始被广泛关注。作者在阅读了近现代中国学者对人居环境研究的80余篇权威期刊文献后,总结了中国人居环境的研究现状,发现研究结论中存在的矛盾并尝试对其进行了理论分析,提出人居环境的发展阶段可划分为三个阶段:人居硬环境时代——人居软环境时代——和谐人居时代,总结出现代中国正处于人居软环境时代,明确人居环境发展的最终理想目标:和谐人居。 相似文献
186.
Jihoon?Cha Mingcan?Cui Min?Jang Sang-Hyun?Cho Deok?Hyun?Moon Jeehyeong?KhimEmail author 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2011,33(1):81-89
This study examines the adsorption isotherms, kinetics and mechanisms of Pb2+ sorption onto waste cow bone powder (WCBP) surfaces. The concentrations of Pb2+ in the study range from 10 to 90 mg/L. Although the sorption data follow the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm, a detailed examination reveals that surface sorption or complexation and co-precipitation are the most important mechanisms, along with possibly ion exchange and solid diffusion also contributing to the overall sorption process. The co-precipitation of Pb2+ with the calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca-HAP) is implied by significant changes in Ca2+ and PO4 3? concentrations during the metal sorption processes. The Pb2+ sorption onto the WCBP surface by metal complexation with surface functional groups such as ≡ POH. The major metal surface species are likely to be ≡ POPb+. The sorption isotherm results indicated that Pb2+ sorption onto the Langmuir and Freundlich constant q max and K F is 9.52 and 8.18 mg g?1, respectively. Sorption kinetics results indicated that Pb2+ sorption onto WCBP was pseudo-second-order rate constants K 2 was 1.12 g mg?1 h?1. The main mechanism is adsorption or surface complexation (≡POPb+: 61.6%), co-precipitation or ion exchange [Ca3.93 Pb1.07 (PO4)3 (OH): 21.4%] and other precipitation [Pb 50 mg L?1 and natural pH: 17%). Sorption isotherms showed that WCBP has a much higher Pb2+ removal rate in an aqueous solution; the greater capability of WCBP to remove aqueous Pb2+ indicates its potential as another promising way to remediate Pb2+-contaminated media. 相似文献
187.
Spina Mylena Venâncio Wilson Rodrigues-Silva Caio Pivetta Rhannanda Copetti Diniz Vinicius Rath Susanne Guimarães José Roberto 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24034-24045
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Photoperoxidation (UV/H2O2) was used to degrade three of the worldwide most consumed antidepressant pharmaceuticals—bupropion, escitalopram, and... 相似文献
188.
Bălă Gabriel-Petrică Râjnoveanu Ruxandra-Mioara Tudorache Emanuela Motișan Radu Oancea Cristian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(16):19615-19628
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There is increasing interest in understanding the role of air pollution as one of the greatest threats to human health worldwide. Nine of 10... 相似文献
189.
Diório Alexandre Díaz-Angulo Jennyfer Castellanos Reynel M. Gomes Ana I. Bergamasco Rosângela Vieira Marcelo Fernandes Dezotti Márcia Mueses Miguel Angel Machuca-Martinez Fiderman Vilar Vítor J. P. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42120-42129
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work aims to integrate several hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) activation mechanisms, photolysis (UVC irradiation), chemical electron transfer (TiO2-P25... 相似文献
190.
Vidovix Taynara Basso Januário Eduarda Freitas Diogo Araújo Micael Furioso Bergamasco Rosângela Vieira Angélica Marquetotti Salcedo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46813-46829
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Triclosan (TCS) is widely used in the production of antibacterial products, being often found in wastewater. Therefore, this study developed new... 相似文献