黑龙江、松花江航道疏浚工程对水生生物环境影响研究

针对黑龙江、松花江航道疏浚工程对水生生物环境影响问题,提出了疏浚工程对水生生物的影响,包括对浮游植物的影响、对浮游动物的影响、对底栖动物的影响和对水生植物的影响,将产生泥沙、悬浮物、噪音、底质改变及机械废水、固体垃圾等,进而对鱼类资源的影响分析,包括施工噪音对鱼类的影响,如对鱼类栖息地的影响、对鱼类摄食生长的影响、对鱼类产卵行为的影响、悬浮物对鱼类生存的影响、对鱼类卵、苗的影响和对鱼类洄游通道的影响。     

Size distribution, characteristics and sources of heavy metals in haze episod in Beijing

Size segragated samples were collected during high polluted winter haze days in 2006 in Beijing, China. Twenty nine elements and 9 water soluble ions were determined. Heavy metals of Zn, Pb, Mn, Cu, As, Cr, Ni, V and Cd were deeply studied considering their toxic effect on human being. Among these heavy metals, the levels of Mn, As and Cd exceeded the reference values of National Ambient Air Quality Standard （GB3095-2012） and guidelines of World Health Organization. By estimation, high percentage of atmospheric heavy metals in PM2.5 indicates it is an effective way to control atmospheric heavy metals by PM2.5 controlling. Pb, Cd, and Zn show mostly in accumulation mode, V, Mn and Cu exist mostly in both coarse and accumulation modes, and Ni and Cr exist in all of the three modes. Considering the health effect, the breakthrough rates of atmospheric heavy metals into pulmonary alveoli are： Pb （62.1%） 〉 As （58.1%） 〉 Cd （57.9%） 〉 Zn （57.7%） 〉 Cu （55.8%） 〉 Ni （53.5%） 〉 Cr （52.2%） 〉 Mn （49.2%） 〉 V （43.5%）. Positive matrix factorization method was applied for source apportionment of studied heavy metals combined with some marker elements and ions such as K, As, SO42- etc., and four factors （dust, vehicle, aged and transportation, unknown） are identified and the size distribution contribution of them to atmospheric heavy metals are discussed.     

The application of bioflocculant for the removal of humic acids from stabilized landfill leachates

The evaluation of bioflocculant, in comparison with traditional inorganic coagulants, for the removal of humic acids from landfill leachates stabilized by biological treatment, was performed using conventional jar-test coagulation experiments. The optimized conditions (pH and coagulant dosage) were identified for the treatment of synthetic solutions as well as for biologically pre-treated landfill leachates. It was found that the application of bioflocculant was quite efficient in the removal of humic acids from synthetic solutions as well as in the reduction of COD content from real landfill leachates. The optimal pH value was found to be between 7 and 7.5, while a 20 mg/l bioflocculant dosage was sufficient in providing more than 85% humic acid removal. The results were comparable with those obtained by the application of conventional coagulants such as alum or polyaluminum chloride; therefore, bioflocculant can be considered as a viable alternative in the treatment of landfill leachates applying coagulation.     

东川市土地退化（荒漠化）及其防治

分析了东川市土地退化现状：土地退化以水蚀为主,退化土地面积占总土地面积38．5％。土地退化类型主要有土壤退化、土地沙石化、土地石质化和侵蚀劣地。文章还探讨了东川市土地退化的原因,提出了土地退化防治对策。     

铅职业危害及其防治

通过对某铅冶炼厂职业铅危害情况及防治现状进行调查分析,提出了防治铅中毒、铅吸收的措施。     

机械处理废弃印刷线路板

分析了废弃印刷线路板的特点，介绍了机械处理的方法，及国外机械处理废弃印刷线路板的实践和进展。     

露天煤矿的土地复垦

本文论术字露天煤矿土地复垦的现状，着重了矿区土地地复垦规划，提出了一个土地复垦规划的模型，并且对复垦方向的选择和复垦控制进行了初步的探讨。     

SCI收录的环境工程期刊概况分析

为了给环境工程的科研工作者检索文献和投稿时选择期刊提供参考,介绍了环境工程期刊被SCI数据库的收录情况。汇总介绍了SCI—E收录的42种环境工程期刊的刊名、国际标准连续出版物编号（ISSN）、出版国／地和最新影响因子,同时详细介绍了其中SCI收录的19种环境工程期刊的出版周期、出版者、联系地址、期刊资源描述等有关的期刊信息。通过对期刊相关信息的描述,以期为环境工程相应学科的科研工作者提供帮助。     

Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals

A novel nanoadsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions is reported.Cotton was first hydrolyzed to obtain cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs).CNCs were then chemically modified with succinic anhydride to obtain SCNCs.The sodic nanoadsorbent(NaSCNCs) was further prepared by treatment of SCNCs with saturated NaHCO 3 aqueous solution.Batch experiments were carried out with SCNCs and NaSCNCs for the removal of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+.The effects of contact time,pH,initial adsorption concentration,coexisting ions and the regeneration performance were investigated.Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption equilibrium time of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ was reached within 150 min on SCNCs and 5 min on NaSCNCs.The adsorption capacities of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ on SCNCs and NaSCNCs increased with increasing pH.The adsorption isotherm was well fitted by the Langmuir model.The maximum adsorption capacities of SCNCs and NaSCNCs for Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ were 367.6 mg/g,259.7 mg/g and 465.1 mg/g,344.8 mg/g,respectively.SCNCs and NaSCNCs showed high selectivity and interference resistance from coexisting ions for the adsorption of Pb 2+.NaSCNCs could be efficiently regenerated with a mild saturated NaCl solution with no loss of capacity after two recycles.The adsorption mechanisms of SCNCs and NaSCNCs were discussed.     

气候变化背景下京津冀地区濒危水鸟潜在适宜区模拟及保护空缺分析

明确濒危水鸟栖息地分布并加以保护对于维持水鸟物种多样性和提高湿地环境质量具有重要意义.自1980年以来京津冀地区水鸟数量出现较大波动,为了分析濒危水鸟潜在分布区域及其变化特征,借助GIS平台和MaxEnt模型,基于2015年濒危水鸟"出现点"信息,定量识别了影响京津冀地区濒危水鸟分布的主要驱动因素和贡献率,并预测了2050年RCP2.6、RCP4.5、RCP8.5（依次代表低、中、高3种CO₂浓度排放模式）3种气候情景下濒危水鸟的潜在适宜区分布和保护空缺规律.结果表明:①京津冀地区濒危水鸟共有9种,东方白鹳、遗鸥和黑鹳3种濒危水鸟潜在适宜区面积较大.东方白鹳和遗鸥适宜区主要集中于环渤海湾沿岸和北京市中南部,黑鹳则主要集中于北京市南部房山区和东北部.②与2015年相比,2050年RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5三种气候情景下濒危水鸟适宜区面积均较大,相应适宜区面积增幅依次为96.24%、103.94%和65.51%,适宜区空间分布上向西南和东北方向扩张.③国家自然保护区对濒危水鸟潜在适宜区和热点区的覆盖率较低,相较天津市,河北省和北京市对这两个区域的覆盖不足.④在京津冀地区尺度下,不同情景下保护区覆盖濒危水鸟适宜区比例依次为基准情景（1.26%）> RCP8.5情景（1.11%）> RCP2.6情景（0.70%）> RCP4.5情景（0.29%）,保护区覆盖热点区比例依次为RCP4.5情景（0.83%）>基准情景（0.77%）> RCP8.5情景（0.08%）> RCP2.6情景（0）.研究显示,以单个水鸟为单位分析濒危水鸟潜在适宜区分布格局,能够精准有效地揭示国家自然保护区对濒危水鸟的覆盖情况.