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561.
以重庆市煤矸山周边农用地土壤和农产品(玉米和水稻)为研究对象,测定土壤和农产品(玉米和水稻)中Cd含量,评估摄入农产品(玉米和水稻)对人体的潜在健康风险,并基于物种敏感性分布法(SSD)推导土壤环境基准值.结果表明,重庆煤矸山周边旱地土壤Cd含量超风险筛选值的点位占55.8%,水田土壤Cd含量超风险筛选值的点位占31.6%,土壤Cd以较高生态危害和高生态危害为主,分别占47.4%和36.8%.玉米Cd含量超标点位占4.4%,水稻Cd含量均未超标.健康风险评价表明因食用玉米和水稻摄入Cd的非致癌健康风险可忽略,食用玉米摄入Cd存在可耐受致癌健康风险,食用水稻摄入Cd存在不可耐受致癌健康风险,且玉米和水稻Cd含量敏感度最高.SSD推导出煤矸山周边旱地土壤在pH≤5.5、5.57.5时Cd的环境基准值分别为0.491、0.382、0.376和0.588 mg ·kg-1,水田土壤Cd的环境基准值为0.807 mg ·kg-1.水田土壤和旱地土壤pH≤7.5时,现行土壤标准(GB 15618-2018)相对偏严;旱地土壤pH>7.5时,现行土壤标准(GB 15618-2018)相对偏宽松.应加强煤矸山周边土壤Cd污染防治和农产品安全利用研究,并对土壤Cd环境基准值进行适当调整. 相似文献
562.
目前基于排放清单估算的区域和城市尺度上的人为CO2排放不确定性较大.为了我国实现碳达峰和碳中和的目标,亟需对我国的区域尺度,特别是大城市群的人为CO2排放进行准确估算.分别利用两种先验人为CO2排放数据(EDGAR v6.0清单和EDGAR v6.0联合GCG v1.0的改进清单)作为输入数据,采用WRF-STILT大气传输模型模拟长三角地区2017年12月至2018年2月大气CO2摩尔分数,再以安徽全椒高塔观测的大气CO2摩尔分数作为参考值,通过贝叶斯反演方法得到的比例因子改进了模拟结果,并实现了长三角人为CO2排放通量的估算.结果表明:(1)在冬季,相对于基于EDGAR v6.0模拟的大气CO2摩尔分数值而言,基于改进清单模拟的大气CO2摩尔分数与观测值更为一致;(2)模拟的大气CO2摩尔分数在夜间高于观测值,白天则相反,主要因为排放清单的CO2排放数据不能表征人为... 相似文献
563.
Alex M.-C. Wong Larissa T. Bilaniuk K.-K. Ng Y.-L. Chang A.-S. Chao MD Y.-Y. Wai 《黑龙江环境通报》2005,25(4):296-299
Holoprosencephaly is a congenital anomaly characterized by lack of cleavage of the prosencephalon. Although, relatively rare, it is the most common anomaly that involves both the brain and the face. Prenatal diagnosis of this anomaly using ultrasonography, particularly of the less severe forms, is difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging has recently become an important complement to US in prenatal diagnosis of CNS anomalies. We herein report a patient in whom, at 23 weeks of gestation, US suggested agenesis of the corpus callosum and in whom, at 24 weeks of gestation, MRI correctly diagnosed lobar holoprosencephaly, which was confirmed by a postnatal MRI at 3 weeks of age. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
564.
Ken Rainwater Andrew Jackson Wesley Ingram Chang Yong Lee David Thompson Tony Mollhagen Heyward Ramsey Lloyd Urban 《Water environment research》2005,77(2):150-161
Drainfields for disposal of septic tank effluents are typically designed by considering the loss of water by either upward evapotranspiration into the atmosphere or lateral and downward absorption into the adjacent soil. While this approach is appropriate for evapotranspiration systems, absorption systems allow water loss by both mechanisms. It was proposed that, in areas where high evapotranspiration rates coincide with permeable soils, drainfield sizes could be substantially reduced by accounting for both mechanisms. A two-year field demonstration was conducted to determine appropriate design criteria for areas typical of the Texas High Plains. The study consisted of evaluating the long-term acceptance rates for three different drainfield configurations: evapotranspiration only, absorption only, and combined conditions. A second field demonstration repeated the experiments for additional observation of the combined evapotranspiration and absorption and achieved similar results as the first study. The field tests indicated that the current design loading criteria may be increased by at least a factor of two for the Texas High Plains region and other Texas areas with similar soil composition and evapotranspiration rates, while still retaining a factor of safety of two. 相似文献
565.
Sushila Krishnaswamy Chang 《Chemistry and Ecology》1995,10(1):87-95
This paper reports an experimental study of the response of the unicellular flagellated algae Dunaliella bioculata to toxic pollutants in water using the 'Doppler laser velocimetry' method. the response to toxic pollutants was encouraging and indicates that Dunaliella bioculata is a good biological model for the detection of toxic pollutants in water. 相似文献
566.
567.
Sesbania rostrata in pure and amended Pb/Zn tailings. About 90% of seeds of S. rostrata germinated in pure Pb/Zn tailings, which contained high concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd. Although seedling growth suffered
from the adverse environment of Pb/Zn tailings, they became established on tailings stands, in the greenhouse, as well as
on the actual tailings dam, and completed their life cycle in 4 months. Dry matter production and nitrogen accumulation was
3200 kg/ha and 69.4 kg/ha, respectively in the actual tailings dam. Applying inorganic fertilizer to Pb/Zn tailings led to
no obvious improvement in growth and nodulation of S. rostrata, while tailings amended by river sediment or domestic refuse rich in organic matter improved the growth and nodulation of
the species. Azorhizobium caulinodans survived and formed N-fixing stem and root nodules in S. rostrata grown in pure Pb/Zn tailings with a nodule biomass exceeding 300 mg fresh matter per plant. 相似文献
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570.
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis for Duchenne muscular dystrophy based on the direct haplotype phasing