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231.
上海城市交通与机动车排气污染调查 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
上海市机动车保有量逐年增加,车辆的排气污染愈来愈严重,据调查,1997年机动画排放的CO,MNHC,NOX和PM分别达到58.6,9.08,6.20和0.23万吨。中心城区机动车排放的CO,NMHC和NOX污染物50%以上来自于小型车,是影响上海城区环境空气质量的主要污染源。 相似文献
232.
Feng-Hsun Chang Justin E. Lawrence Blanca Rios-Touma Vincent H. Resh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(4):2135-2149
Tolerance values (TVs) based on benthic macroinvertebrates are one of the most widely used tools for monitoring the biological impacts of water pollution, particularly in streams and rivers. We compiled TVs of benthic macroinvertebrates from 29 regions around the world to test 11 basic assumptions about pollution tolerance, that: (1) Arthropoda are < tolerant than non-Arthropoda; (2) Insecta < non-Insecta; (3) non-Oligochaeta < Oligochaeta; (4) other macroinvertebrates < Oligochaeta + Chironomidae; (5) other macroinvertebrate taxa < Isopoda + Gastropoda + Hirudinea; (6) Ephemeroptera + Plecoptera + Trichoptera (EPT) < Odonata + Coleoptera + Heteroptera (OCH); (7) EPT < non-EPT insects; (8) Diptera < Insecta; (9) Bivalvia < Gastropoda; (10) Baetidae < other Ephemeroptera; and (11) Hydropsychidae < other Trichoptera. We found that the first eight of these 11 assumptions were supported despite regional variability. In addition, we examined the effect of Best Professional Judgment (BPJ) and non-independence of TVs among countries by performing all analyses using subsets of the original dataset. These subsets included a group based on those systems using TVs that were derived from techniques other than BPJ, and groups based on methods used for TV assignment. The results obtained from these subsets and the entire dataset are similar. We also made seven a priori hypotheses about the regional similarity of TVs based on geography. Only one of these was supported. Development of TVs and the reporting of how they are assigned need to be more rigorous and be better described. 相似文献
233.
Chang Shih-An Kuan Chia-Hsuan Hung Chi-Yen Wang Tai-Chi Chen Chen Yu-Sheng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(57):85669-85675
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aimed to investigate the impact of weather conditions on the daily incidence of the COVID-19 pandemic in late spring 2021 in Taiwan, which... 相似文献
234.
Ni Chenquan Liu Chang Xie Yu Xie Weiqi He Zhiguo Zhong Hui 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(55):82740-82761
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Rapid industrialization is deteriorating water quality, and fluoride pollution in water is one of the most serious environmental pollution problems.... 相似文献
235.
236.
陆海联动是发展海洋经济的新思维,也是解决沿海地区海陆经济发展和环境矛盾的一个有效措施,而流域是陆域上最接近海洋的部分,实施流域经济与海洋经济联动发展是实现陆海统筹发展的前提;促进流域 海洋联动发展、将内陆 流域 海洋互动作为区域经济发展思路是实现陆海联动的最佳途径。在分析流域经济与海洋经济联动发展的背景、意义、基础、效应等的基础上,以长江经济带为例,运用灰色关联分析方法,定量刻画了流域经济与海洋经济的关联程度,指出流域经济与海洋经济的关联度、海洋第三产业与流域第三产业关联度以及海洋主要产业与基本流域第二产业关联度等都非常高。最后从规划编制、建立流域 海洋互动产业网、发展海洋科技以及生态环境保护等方面,提出了促进流域经济与海洋经济联动发展的建议 相似文献
237.
Ho-Wen Chen Ni-Bin Chang Jeng-Chung Chen Shu-Ju Tsai 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(7):1371-1381
Limited to insufficient land resources, incinerators are considered in many countries such as Japan and Germany as the major technology for a waste management scheme capable of dealing with the increasing demand for municipal and industrial solid waste treatment in urban regions. The evaluation of these municipal incinerators in terms of secondary pollution potential, cost-effectiveness, and operational efficiency has become a new focus in the highly interdisciplinary area of production economics, systems analysis, and waste management. This paper aims to demonstrate the application of data envelopment analysis (DEA) – a production economics tool – to evaluate performance-based efficiencies of 19 large-scale municipal incinerators in Taiwan with different operational conditions. A 4-year operational data set from 2002 to 2005 was collected in support of DEA modeling using Monte Carlo simulation to outline the possibility distributions of operational efficiency of these incinerators. Uncertainty analysis using the Monte Carlo simulation provides a balance between simplifications of our analysis and the soundness of capturing the essential random features that complicate solid waste management systems. To cope with future challenges, efforts in the DEA modeling, systems analysis, and prediction of the performance of large-scale municipal solid waste incinerators under normal operation and special conditions were directed toward generating a compromised assessment procedure. Our research findings will eventually lead to the identification of the optimal management strategies for promoting the quality of solid waste incineration, not only in Taiwan, but also elsewhere in the world. 相似文献
238.
研究了石油降解过程中,土壤有效氮的动态变化,不同用氮水平在两种土壤上对石油降解速率的影响,以及石油降解的土壤水势条件。结果表明,石油对土壤的污染没有影响土壤水势;在土壤水势为-100~-20kPa范围内,水势的降低没有影响石油分解,而当土壤水势为-1000kPa时,石油降解速率与对照相比下降了10%~35%。在壤土上,肥料氮添加在碳(石油中碳)氮(肥料中氮)比为90时,石油降解最快;过多施用肥料氮会降低石油的分解速率。 相似文献
239.
Nansi Lake is located on the east line of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. A comprehensive study was carried out to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of cyanobacteria in the lake from June 2008 to May 2011 based on monthly sample monitoring from five stations. The effect of environmental factors on cyanobacterial abundance was also evaluated. The cyanobacterial community contained 15 genera and 23 species. The cyanobacterial abundance of each monitoring station ranged from 0 to 1.53× 107 cells/L with an average of 1.45×106 cells/L, which accounted for 11.66% of the total phytoplankton abundance. The dominant species of cyanobacteria were Pseudanabaena (32.94%) and Merismopedia (19.85%), not the bloom-forming algae such as Microcystis and Anabaena. In addition, the cyanobacterial community structure and water quality variables changed substantially over the survey period. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested that temperature and phosphorus were important environmental factors that affected cyanobacteria. Temperature was the most important factor affecting cyanobacterial abundance. The effect of phosphorus on cyanobacterial abundance was more notable in warm periods than in periods with low temperature. 相似文献
240.
以美国《化学文摘》收录部分环境科学文献为例,对收录前后标题、文摘进行探析,论述科技论文文摘的特点及写作方法;指出英文摘要写作时,应注意文体的严谨、准确、翔实、明了和科学性等问题。 相似文献