几种吸附材料在含油废水处理中的应用

含油废水的来源广泛、成分复杂且对环境危害严重,吸附法是处理含油废水常用的方法,吸附剂性能的优劣对处理含油废水有至关重要的影响。介绍几种典型的吸附材料包括活性炭、高吸油树脂、粉煤灰和膨润土;活性炭是处理含油废水最常用的吸附材料,高吸油树脂则是新型的有机吸附剂,粉煤灰来源广且价格低廉,膨润土资源丰富;几种吸附材料各有优点缺点,其特性、吸附机理、在含油废水处理中的应用也不尽相同,通过比较分析,提出了未来用于含油废水处理吸附材料的发展趋势。     

轮叶黑藻去除水体中氮磷能力研究

通过比较在不同梯度营养盐浓度下,沉水植物轮叶黑藻对水体中氮、磷的去除能力,研究得出：在不同营养条件下,轮叶黑藻对水体中总磷（TP）均有较好的去除效果,总氮（TN）处理浓度较高（15mg/L）时,轮叶黑藻对水体中的TN也有较好的去除效果;在一定的浓度范围内,轮叶黑藻的净化效果随水体中氮、磷等物质含量增加而增大,轮叶黑藻是一种很好的水体净化植物,在一些富营养化的水体中可以适当配置轮叶黑藻进行生态修复。     

江苏省生态工业园区建设中的问题和对策研究

近年来,随着科学发展观的深入贯彻落实,生态文明成为国家发展的重要战略,推进园区生态化建设也成为经济发达地区产业结构调整和节能减排的重要措施,本文介绍了近年来国内生态工业园区建设经验,着重分析了江苏省生态工业园区建设现状和存在的问题,提出了加快推进生态工业园区建设的对策措施。     

絮凝沉降处理乳业废水的研究

用硫酸铝PAM混合絮凝剂净化乳制品行业废水,寻找一种最佳的处理方案。通过多组实验显示：硫酸铝投入量280mg／L,pH值为6—7,水温20℃,搅拌速度为40～70r／min时,经处理的废水外观清晰、透明度高,COD去除率均在80％左右,对保障乳品行业的可持续发展起到科学的借鉴作用。     

渤海湾和黄河口外表层海水中芳烃的组成、分布及来源

以渤海湾海域及黄河口外海域为研究区,采用GC/MS检测手段对两海域表层海水中多环芳烃组分进行定性和定量分析,并分析其主要组成、分布、来源及输入方式,从而对多环芳烃污染状况进行初步评价。定量分析的结果表明,渤海湾海域17种多环芳烃含量为82.6~181.8 ng/L,黄河口外海域为43.7~122.4 ng/L。与国内外其他海域海水或沉积物相比,研究区多环芳烃的污染属于中等水平;通过对研究区域表层海水中芳烃组成特征的分析得出,多环芳烃主要来自化石燃料的燃烧,其中黄河口外远岸海域多环芳烃以石油来源为主,兼有燃烧来源。两海域均为近岸以燃油排放为主,远岸以燃煤排放为主。     

金川县沙耳干河坝泥石流治理工程研究

金川县境内的沙耳干河坝泥石流沟泥石流活动频繁,暴发频率属于中等。为了减少泥石流灾害的威胁和危害,进行现场踏勘,开展泥石流的治理工程研究,具有重要意义。拦砂坝、谷坊坝、单侧防护堤、排导槽和导流堤等工程对泥石流的预防与治理具有显著作用,采用多种措施相结合的方式相对于单一措施更为有效。在治理工程的建设过程中可能引发相应的环境问题,对其中影响较大的水土流失问题提出防治措施,并进行可行性研究,同时提出实施建议。     

Variation of grain Cd and Zn concentrations of 110 hybrid rice cultivars grown in a low-Cd paddy soil

Enhanced Cd uptake and Zn depletion in rice grains and high potential for food Cd exposure by the high-yielding hybrid cultivars of China had been addressed. A field experiment was conducted in 2006 to determine the di erence in grain Cd and Zn between cultivars. Total 110 cultivars including super rice and common hybrid rice cultivars were grown on a single paddy soil (Entic Haplaquept) with a neutral reaction and low total Cd content. Grain Cd and Zn concentrations were determined with graphite atomic adsorption spectrophotometer (GFAAS) and flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer (AAS) respectively.Wide variation of Cd content in grain was found in a range of 0.004–0.057 mg/kg, while the Zn content in a range of 10.25–30.06 mg/kg among the cultivars. Higher Cd but lower Zn concentration in grains of super rice cultivars was observed compared to the common hybrid ones. A highly significant positive linear correlation of grain Cd/Zn with grain Cd was found for super rice and common hybrid cultivars, meanwhile much higher slope for these hybrid cultivars than the reported non-hybrid cultivars was also observed. Using the limit value of the Chinese chemical guidelines for foods (MOHC and SSC, 2005), calculated potential risk of food Cd exposure with “Zn hungry” through diet intake was prominent with all the studied 110 hybrid rice cultivars, possessing high potential health problems for rice production in South China using the super rice cultivars. Breeding of genotypes of rice cultivars with low grain Cd and low Cd/Zn ratio is needed for rice production in acidic red soils where Cd bioavailability is prevalently high.     

Identification and characterization of the chromium（Ⅵ） responding protein from a newly isolated Ochrobactrum anthropi CTS-325

A Gram-negative, chromium(VI) tolerant and reductive strain CTS-325, isolated from a Chinese chromate plant, was identified as Ochrobactrum anthropi based on its biochemical properties and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It was able to tolerate up to 10 mmol/L Cr(VI) and completely reduce 1 mmol/L Cr(VI) to Cr(III) within 48 h. When the strain CTS-325 was induced with Cr(VI), a protein increased significantly in the whole cell proteins. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis revealed that this protein was a superoxide dismutase (SOD) homology. The measured superoxide dismutase activity was 2694 U/mg after three steps of purification. The SOD catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anion (O₂^·−) into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. This protein is considered to be one of the most important anti-oxidative enzymes for O. anthropi as it allows the bacterium to survive high oxygen stress environments, such as the environment produced during the reduction process of Cr(VI).     

云龙湖浮游植物群落结构综述

2008年4月至2008年lO月对徐州云龙湖的浮游植物进行实地考察监测,在此以定性、定量的分析方法,对4个采样点样品中的浮游植物分析、鉴定,并时不同采样点的浮游植物种类组成、数量进行比较,分析了该水域浮游植物群落特征.     

“蝴蝶梦”

<正>对于中国人来说,一提起煤矿,特别是那些小煤窑,人们的神经总会不自觉地紧绷。在国人潜意识中,它们似乎总是与危险、瓦斯爆炸、矿难等"带血"的字眼相关。也许是老天的眷顾,山西省拥有了全国绝大部分的煤矿,但频繁的矿难和