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排序方式: 共有133条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
62.
Seasonal variation and source estimation of organic compounds in urban aerosol of Augsburg, Germany 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pietrogrande MC Abbaszade G Schnelle-Kreis J Bacco D Mercuriali M Zimmermann R 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(7):1861-1868
This study reports a general assessment of the organic composition of the PM2.5 samples collected in the city of Augsburg, Germany in a summer (August-September 2007) and a winter (February-March 2008) campaign of 36 and 30 days, respectively. The samples were directly submitted to in-situ derivatisation thermal desorption gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry (IDTD-GC-TOFMS) to simultaneously determine the concentrations of many classes of molecular markers, such as n-alkanes, iso- and anteiso-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxidized PAHs, n-alkanoic acids, alcohols, saccharides and others.The PCA analysis of the data identified the contributions of three emission sources, i.e., combustion sources, including fossil fuel emissions and biomass burning, vegetative detritus, and oxidized PAHs. The PM chemical composition shows seasonal trend: winter is characterized by high contribution of petroleum/wood combustion while the vegetative component and atmospheric photochemical reactions are predominant in the hot season. 相似文献
63.
Pennesi C Totti C Romagnoli T Bianco B De Michelis I Beolchini F 《Water environment research》2012,84(1):9-16
Several species of seagrass and marine macrophytes were investigated for their biosorption performance in the removal of lead from aqueous solution. The effect of pH on the equilibrium of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa as a biosorbent also was studied. It was found that increasing pH increased lead biosorption, with a maximum uptake of approximately 140 mg/g in the range pH 3.3 to 5. Equilibrium data at different pH levels were successfully fitted to competitive equilibrium models. In addition, the seaweeds belonging to different phyla (i.e., Chlorophyta, Heterokontophyta, and Rhodophyta) were studied for the effect of their structure on equilibrium at a constant pH 5. The brown algae (Heterokontophyta) showed the highest potential for lead sorption, with a maximum uptake of 220 mg/g for C. compressa and 140 mg/g for S. lomentaria. The green algae (Chlorophyta) showed lead uptake in the range 40 to 90 mg/g, and the red algae (Rhodophyta) was least effective, with uptake in the range 10 to 40 mg/g. 相似文献
64.
Genetic differences in the Posidonia oceanica meadow of Monterosso al Mare (NW Mediterranean, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) "Cinque Terre") were compared in three stations, at an increasing distance from a source of impact (beach nourishment) in the recent decade. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis showed a higher genetic variability (>20?%) in the area directly subjected to the stress, increasing with time. Clone integration, confirmed by phenotypic analysis, showed increases both in shoot density and leaf length connected to genetic differences observed in DNA fingerprints of new shoots. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed 45?% individual differences within populations and 54?% among the populations. The fixation index (F (ST)?=?0.54), of the genetic differentiation, showed a marked difference between the populations at different temporal scales. Over a decade AMOVA indicated genetic variations from 28?% (1998) to 54?% (2009). These results make it clear that in the P. oceanica population examined the environment had, in ten years, selected those clones which were more resistant to the anthropogenic impact, despite being subjected to the effects of the resuspension of fine sediments. These findings could help to explain both the survival of the regressed Mediterranean P. oceanica meadows in areas subjected to moderate impacts and the extreme variability in success of revegetation experiments. Management of the ecological disturbance here described indicates also the timescale in population response to stress and its increased resilience in MPAs. 相似文献
65.
Luisa Barbieri Isabella Lancellotti Chiara Ponzoni 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(23):13230-13236
The cathode ray tube (CRT) glass is one of the most important problem that afflicts the electronic waste disposal whose solution lies in the identification of efficient and ecofriendly processes to detoxify and reutilize lead-contained funnel glass. This study is focused on a rapid screening of different chemical and mechanochemical processes to reduce lead content in waste CRT glass downgrading the risk correlated to it. In particular, as a possibility to clean waste CRT glass, treatments of lead-containing glass with different chelating agents (EDTA, NTA, ATMP, EDTMP and HEDP) were performed to evaluate their extractive capabilities. Furthermore, the influence of the grinding, the chelating agent functional groups (polyamino-carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid, and polyamino phosphonic acid), and the time and the temperature on lead content reduction were analyzed. ESEM and EDS analysis were performed on all the samples to evaluate the lead amount before and after the treatments. 相似文献
66.
Pasquale Iovino Silvana Canzano Vincenzo Leone Chiara Berto Stefano Salvestrini Sante Capasso 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(23):13169-13174
PM10 levels have been recorded in the suburban area of Caserta (Italy) from February to October 2012. The daily limit was exceeded in 13 % of the determinations, with no significant difference between weekdays and weekends. Benzo[a]pyrene concentrations were in the range 0.01–0.46 ng/m3, thus, never exceeding the National Standard. The B(a)P-eq was 0.20 ng/m3. PM10 peaks were associated with wind from east–northeast. The same was observed for Ca concentrations, whereas no relation with wind direction was observed for organic pollutants. The results point to a local limestone quarry and cement factory as the likely major source of PM10 pollution in the area investigated. 相似文献
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Chiara Boschetto Clelia Gasparini Andrea Pilastro 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(4):813-821
While both sperm number and quality are now recognized to be important in determining the outcome of sperm competition, very
few studies have experimentally assessed the influence of these two parameters simultaneously. We studied the effect of sperm
quality and number on competitive fertilization success in an internal-fertilizing fish, the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), which is characterized by high levels of sperm competition. We artificially inseminated virgin females with varying proportion
of sperm from two competing males, while holding constant the total number of sperm transferred to the female. Sperm morphology
and sperm swimming velocity were also determined prior to insemination. The paternity outcome of sperm competition trials
was assessed through molecular analyses of the resulting offspring using polymorphic microsatellite loci. We found that both
sperm number and sperm velocity affected the outcome of sperm competition, with males that contributed more and faster sperm
achieving a greater paternity share. 相似文献
70.
Anna Doffini Claudio Forcato Chiara Mangano Debora Lattuada Roberta Aversa Chiara Maranta Emilia D. Giovannone Genny Buson Chiara Bolognesi Rebecca Maiocchi Martina Dori Liyana Jamal Raidah B. Ahmad George S. H. Yeo Tai Wai Yeo Silvia Saragozza Rosamaria Silipigni Marta Serafini Andrea Biondi Sofia Perego Patrizia Vergani Enrico Ferrazzi Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli Thomas J. Musci Francesca Romana Grati 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(1):14-27