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21.
22.
Kuei-Ying Huang Tzu-Han Chang Yung-ho Chiu Chih-Yu Yang Tai-Yu Lin 《Natural resources forum》2023,47(3):578-601
China is the country with the largest coal mining production and consumption in the world, but due to a large amount of coal burning, air pollution and climate change are exasperating related problems. The previous literature mainly has discussed coal mine production and environmental pollution, but failed to take into account external factors such as climate change and seldom discussed the relationship between coal mine land use and land restoration. Therefore, this study uses the meta-Epsilon-Based Measure two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis under the exogenous model and incorporates coal mine land use and land restoration use into the model to explore the relationship between the two under climate change. The research results are as follows. (1) If the external climate factors are not considered, then the phenomenon of overestimation or underestimation of the technology gap arises. (2) The efficiency value of the coal mining stage in most provinces is generally higher than the land restoration efficiency value. 相似文献
23.
Food surveys for levels of toxic chemicals frequently report the levels on an uncooked basis. It is known that cooking may in some conditions decrease the amount of dioxins and related chemicals in food. Surveys of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels in food to date show data from uncooked food only. In this article, it was shown that broiling, with fat dripped from the foods reported here, ground beef, ground lamb, catfish, trout, and salmon, reduces the amount of PBDEs in these foods. This suggests that calculations of food intake need to take into consideration levels in the cooked food rather than in the uncooked food. 相似文献
24.
Seok-Young Oh Jong-Gil Son Ock-Taeck Lim Pei C. Chiu 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2012,34(1):105-113
Black carbon (BC) is an important class of geosorbents that control the fate and transport of organic pollutants in soil and sediment. We previously demonstrated a new role of BC as an electron transfer mediator in the abiotic reduction of nitroaromatic and nitramine compounds by Oh and Chiu (Environ Sci Technol 43:6983–6988, 2009). We proposed that BC can catalyze the reduction of nitro compounds because it contains microscopic graphitic (graphene) domains, which facilitate both sorption and electron transfer. In this study, we assessed the ability of different types of BC—graphite, activated carbon, and diesel soot—to mediate the reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) and 2,4-dibromophenol (DBP) by H2S. All three types of BC enhanced DNT and DBP reduction. H2S supported BC-mediated reduction, as was observed previously with a thiol reductant. The results suggest that BC may influence the fate of organic pollutants in reducing subsurface environments through redox transformation in addition to sorption. 相似文献
25.
Chung-Yi Chung Jen-Jeng Chen Chang-Gai Lee Chun-Yen Chiu Wen-Liang Lai Shao-Wei Liao 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,173(1-4):499-517
This work investigated sediment samples collected from Dapeng Bay and three neighboring rivers (Kaoping River, Tungkang River, and Lingbeng River) in southwestern Taiwan, Republic of China. Multivariate statistical analysis techniques, i.e., factor analysis, cluster analysis, and canonical discriminant analysis were used for the evaluation of spatial variations to determine the types of pollution and to identify pollutant sources from neighboring rivers. Factor analysis results showed that the most important latent factors in Dapeng Bay are soil texture, heavy metals, organic matter, and nutrients factors. Contour maps incorporating the factor scores showed heavy metals accumulate along the lakesides, especially on the southeastern banks of the lakes. A cluster analysis was performed using factor scores computed from these latent factors. We then classified these areas into five distinct classes using sampling stations, and we illustrate that in the three river classes, the sediment properties are influenced by industrial and domestic wastewater and agricultural activities (including livestock rearing and farm activities). However, in Dapeng Bay, the rivers were influenced more by complicated biogeochemical processes; these could be identified as a type of pollution. Canonical discriminant analysis illustrated that two constructed discriminant functions made a marked contribution to most of the discriminant variables, and the significant parameters of porosity and Cd, Cr, Al, and Pb content were combined as the ??heavy metal factor??. The recognition capacities of the two discriminant functions were 82.6% and 17.4%, respectively. It is also likely that the annual mean of the water exchange rate is insufficient (taking about 7 days to eliminate pollutants) and therefore has significantly influenced the carbon and nutrient biogeochemical processes and budgets in the semi-enclosed ecosystem. Thus, the sediment properties are not similar between the lagoon and the neighboring rivers. Our results yield useful information concerning estuary recovery and water resources management and may be applicable to other basins with similar characteristics that are experiencing similar coastal environmental issues. 相似文献
26.
Chih-Wei Yang Tsung-Ling Hsieh Shiau-Feng Lin Chiuhsiang Joe Lin Hui-Ming Teng Yu-Fang Chiu 《Safety Science》2011,49(10):1309-1313
This study evaluated the operators’ signal-detection performance in video display unit (VDU) monitoring tasks of the main control room (MCR). So far the study of the relationship between VDU design strategy and human errors has been superficial. To validate the effect of VDUs design strategies on operating errors in the MCR, this present research adopted a within subject experimental design to develop different experimental treatments based on two types of display modes included consistent mode and mixed mode. A total of 13 undergraduate and graduate students were recruited as participants in the experiment. Dependent variables included situation awareness, reaction time, error frequency, and subjective performance. Some research support was found for the representation principles. The conclusions of this study could not only be implemented by the human-system interface (HSI) designers of a MCR in the advanced nuclear power plant (NPP) but also could be generalized to the extent that other digital workstation similar to the MCR. 相似文献
27.
Ming-Lang Tseng Lawrence W. Lan Ray Wang Anthony Chiu Hui-Ping Cheng 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,175(1-4):367-385
Green performance measure is vital for enterprises in making continuous improvements to maintain sustainable competitive advantages. Evaluation of green performance, however, is a challenging task due to the dependence complexity of the aspects, criteria, and the linguistic vagueness of some qualitative information and quantitative data together. To deal with this issue, this study proposes a novel approach to evaluate the dependence aspects and criteria of firm??s green performance. The rationale of the proposed approach, namely green network balanced scorecard, is using balanced scorecard to combine fuzzy set theory with analytical network process (ANP) and importance-performance analysis (IPA) methods, wherein fuzzy set theory accounts for the linguistic vagueness of qualitative criteria and ANP converts the relations among the dependence aspects and criteria into an intelligible structural modeling used IPA. For the empirical case study, four dependence aspects and 34 green performance criteria for PCB firms in Taiwan were evaluated. The managerial implications are discussed. 相似文献
28.
Li Ying Cen Hongyi Chiu Yung-ho Lin Tai-Yu 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(3):922-936
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - As resident awareness of environmental issues has grown, waste disposal has become an important part of urban environmental governance. Most... 相似文献
29.
Huang SW Hsu BM Su YJ Ji DD Lin WC Chen JL Shih FC Kao PM Chiu YC 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2776-2783
Purpose
The high incidences of waterborne diseases are frequently associated with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). DEC may pose a health risk to people who contact surface water for recreation or domestic use. However, there is no published report on the monitoring of DEC in drinking water sources in Taiwan. In this study, the occurrence of DEC genes in raw water for water treatment plants in Taiwan was investigated.Method
Raw water samples were taken from water treatment plants adjacent to the Kaoping River in southern Taiwan. Each water sample was treated with membrane filtration followed by DNA extraction from the concentrate and concentrate enrichment, respectively. The target genes for various DEC strains of genes were identified, including enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC).Results
Among 55 water samples analyzed, DEC genes were detected in 16 (29.1%) samples. Strain-specific genes for EAEC, EHEC, EIEC, and EPEC were found in the percentages of 3.6%, 10.9%, 9.1%, and 9.1%, respectively. The specific gene for ETEC is not detected in the study. By looking at the presence/absence of specific genes and water sample characteristics, water temperature was found to differ significantly between samples with and without EHEC gene. In addition, pH levels differed significantly for EHEC and EPEC presence/absence genes, and turbidity was significantly different for water with and without EPEC genes.Conclusion
DEC genes were detected in 29.1% of the raw water samples in the study location. The potential health threat may be increased if the treatment efficiencies are not properly maintained. Routine monitoring of DEC in drinking water sources should be considered. 相似文献30.
Liu HW Wu BZ Nian HC Chen HJ Lo JG Chiu KH 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(2):303-312