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排序方式: 共有131条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
81.
Paul T. Imhoff Andrew Jakubowitch Michele L. Briening Pei C. Chiu 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(11):1391-1400
Abstract A key component in the operation of almost all bioreactor landfills is the addition of water to maintain optimal moisture conditions. To determine how much water is needed and where to add it, in situ methods are required to measure water within solid waste. Existing technologies often result in measurements of unknown accuracy, because of the variability of solid waste materials and time-dependent changes in packing density, both of which influence most measurement methods. To overcome these problems, a new technology recently developed by hydrologists for measuring water in the vadose zone—the partitioning gas tracer test—was tested. In this technology, the transport behavior of two gas tracers within solid waste is used to measure the fraction of the void space filled with water. One tracer is conservative and does not react with solids or liquids, while a second tracer partitions into the water and is separated from the conservative tracer during transport. This technology was tested in four different solid waste packings and was capable of determining the volumetric water content to within 48% of actual values, with most measurement errors less than 15%. This technology and the factors that affect its applicability to landfills are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
82.
Water-soluble ions in nano/ultrafine/fine/coarse particles collected near a busy road and at a rural site 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Lin CC Chen SJ Huang KL Lee WJ Lin WY Liao CJ Chaung HC Chiu CH 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,145(2):562-570
This study investigated water-soluble ions in the sized particles (particularly nano (PM(0.01-0.056))/ultrafine (PM(0.01-0.1))) collected using MOUDI and Nano-MOUDI samplers near a busy road site and at a rural site. The analytical results demonstrate that nano and coarse particles exhibited the highest (16.3%) and lowest (8.37%) nitrate mass ratios, respectively. The mass ratio of NO(3)(-) was higher than that of SO(4)(2-) in all the sized particles at the traffic site. The secondary aerosols all displayed trimodal distributions. The aerosols in ultrafine particles collected at the roadside site exhibited Aitken mode distributions indicating they were of local origin. This finding was not observed for those ultrafine particles collected at the rural site. The mass median diameters (MMDs) of the nano, ultrafine, and fine particles were smaller at the traffic site than at the rural site, possibly related to the contribution of mobile engine emissions. 相似文献
83.
Li Ying Lin Tai-Yu Chiu Yung-ho Cen Hongyi Lin Yi-Nuo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(16):20093-20110
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The demand for energy has continued to increase because of global economic development, which has led to rising fuel prices and continued pollution... 相似文献
84.
Sheng-Fu Yang Wen-Tung Chiu To-Mai Wang Ching-Ting Chen Chin-Ching Tzeng 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(6):1079-1084
This study presents a novel thermal plasma melting technique for neutralizing and recycling municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash residues. MSWI ash residues were converted into water-quenched vitrified slag using plasma vitrification, which is environmentally benign. Slag is adopted as a raw material in producing porous materials for architectural and decorative applications, eliminating the problem of its disposal. Porous materials are produced using water-quenched vitrified slag with Portland cement and foaming agent. The true density, bulk density, porosity and water absorption ratio of the foamed specimens are studied here by varying the size of the slag particles, the water-to-solid ratio, and the ratio of the weights of the core materials, including the water-quenched vitrified slag and cement. The thermal conductivity and flexural strength of porous panels are also determined. The experimental results show the bulk density and the porosity of the porous materials are 0.9–1.2 g cm?3 and 50–60%, respectively, and the pore structure has a closed form. The thermal conductivity of the porous material is 0.1946 W m?1 K?1. Therefore, the slag composite materials are lightweight and thermal insulators having considerable potential for building applications. 相似文献
85.
Subhas K. Venayagamoorthy Hyeyun Ku Oliver B. Fringer Alice Chiu Rosamond L. Naylor Jeffrey R. Koseff 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2011,11(4):329-352
Marine aquaculture is expanding rapidly without reliable quantification of effluents. The present study focuses on understanding
the transport of dissolved wastes from aquaculture pens in near-coastal environments using the hydrodynamics code SUNTANS
(Stanford Unstructured Nonhydrostatic Terrain-following Adaptive Navier–Stokes Simulator), which employs unstructured grids
to compute flows in the coastal ocean at very high resolution. Simulations of a pollutant concentration field (in time and
space) as a function of the local environment (bathymetry), flow conditions (tides and wind-induced currents), and the location
of the pens were performed to study their effects on the evolution of the waste plume. The presence of the fish farm pens
cause partial blockage of the flow, leading to the deceleration of the approaching flow and formation of downstream wakes.
Results of both the near-field area (area within 10 to 20 pen diameters of the fish-pen site) as well as far-field behavior
of the pollutant field are presented. These detailed results highlight for the first time the importance of the wake vortex
dynamics on the evolution of the near-field plume as well as the rotation of the earth on the far-field plume. The results
provide an understanding of the impact of aquaculture fish-pens on coastal water quality. 相似文献
86.
Lu Liang Chun Chiu Shih-Yung Chiu Yung-Ho Chang Tzu-Han Tang William 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(29):44162-44174
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper applies the modified undesirable dynamic data envelopment analysis (DEA) model by considering the role of forest carbon sinks to evaluate... 相似文献
87.
88.
Yeo Jerome Song Koting Suhana Onn Chiu Chuen Mo Kim Hung 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(23):29009-29036
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Paving block is a widely used pavement material due to its long service life, fast and easy production and easily replaced for maintenance purpose.... 相似文献
89.
90.