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151.
Batch scale reactions were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of modified low-grade kaolin for the treatment of petroleum
contaminants. Low-grade kaolin, which has been unvalued as material in the mining process because of its low quality for commercial
products, was modified with HDTMA (hexadecyl-trimethylammonium), and its efficiency was compared with that of HDTMA-modified
bentonite, which is used as a secondary containment barrier for underground storage tanks. The sorption capacity and hydraulic
conductivity of both the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin were investigated and showed distribution coefficients
in the sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene ranging between 45.7 and 583.7 and 57.0 and 525.1, respectively.
The hydraulic conductivities were 2.53 × 10−8 and 5.62 × 10−8 cm/s for the HDTMA-modified bentonite and low-grade kaolin, respectively. These results suggest that HDTMA-modified low-grade
kaolin could be used as a hydraulic barrier against advection migration of petroleum contaminants. Simulation of the one-dimensional
transport of benzene through a liner made of either one of the compounds was also performed. These results also showed that
HDTMA-modified kaolin more effectively retards the transport of benzene. 相似文献
152.
153.
Jung, Yong and Minha Choi, 2012. Survey‐Based Approach for Hydrological Vulnerability Indicators Due to Climate Change: Case Study of Small‐Scale Rivers. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(2): 256‐265. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00608.x Abstract: The vulnerability indicators can be used to develop water resource policy in the context of climate change. The Delphi method, an interactive prediction technique, is an efficient way to apply weighting functionality to vulnerability indicators consisting of three parts: Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive Capacity on climate change. The Delphi method is an anonymous iterative survey of expert opinion, which is then shared with other participants. A total of three different rounds were carried out. The first round was a problem selection set, and the second and third were the standard Delphi survey. Fifty‐eight experts (66% academic and 34% practitioner) were invited. The rates of reply were 59, 50, and 38% for the first, second, and third Delphi processes, respectively. The degree of consensus of the Delphi survey was validated via variance changes and Kendall’s W test. Exposure and Adaptive Capacity presented increased levels of agreement among respondents in their given priorities. Particularly strong convergence (0.20 to 0.71 in Kendall’s W) of the experts’ opinions for Adaptive Capacity was observed. The results of this study indicate that finalized factors with ultimate weights through the Delphi method can be a strong support for governmental policy making with respect to climate change. 相似文献
154.
Choi Eunhwa Kim Seunghwan Mam Sarith Gautam Arjun Bhandari Ravi Kim Jae Young 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(6):2307-2317
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Maize straw- and rice husk-derived biochars were produced in a simple metal kiln without automated control. Their characteristics and effects on... 相似文献
155.
Phule Ajit Dattatray Choi Joo Hong Kim Jin Hyoung 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(26):34009-34016
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in fuel from the stationary as well as from mobile sources primarily from power stations, industrial heaters,... 相似文献
156.
Molecular approaches for the detection and monitoring of microbial communities in bioaerosols: A review 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Keunje Yoo Tae Kwon Lee Eun Joo Choi Jihoon Yang Sudheer Kumar Shukl Sang-il Hwang Joonhong Park 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(1):234-247
Bioaerosols significantly affect atmospheric processes while they undergo long-range vertical and horizontal transport and influence atmospheric chemistry and physics and climate change. Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to bioaerosols may cause adverse health effects, including severe disease. Studies of bioaerosols have primarily focused on their chemical composition and largely neglected their biological composition and the negative effects of biological composition on ecosystems and human health. Here, current molecular methods for the identification, quantification, and distribution of bioaerosol agents are reviewed. Modern developments in environmental microbiology technology would be favorable in elucidation of microbial temporal and spatial distribution in the atmosphere at high resolution. In addition, these provide additional supports for growing evidence that microbial diversity or composition in the bioaerosol is an indispensable environmental aspect linking with public health. 相似文献
157.
158.
Myong Hwan Sohn Kyung Won Seo Yong Seok Choi Sang Joon Lee Young Sil Kang Yang Soon Kang 《Marine Biology》2011,158(3):561-570
The marine dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides is a harmful and highly motile algal species. To distinguish between the motility characteristics of solitary and chain-forming
cells, the swimming trajectories and speeds of solitary cells and 2- to 8-cell chains of C. polykrikoides were measured using a digital holographic particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) technique. C. polykrikoides cells exhibited helical swimming trajectories similar to other dinoflagellate species. The swimming speed increased as the
number of cells in the chain increased, from an average of 391 μm s−1 (solitary cells) to 856 μm s−1 (8-cell chain). The helix radius R and pitch P also increased as the number of cells in the chain increased. R increased from 9.24 μm (solitary cell) to 20.3 μm (8-cell chain) and P increased from 107 μm (solitary cell) to 164 μm (8-cell chain). The free thrust-generating motion of the transverse flagella
and large drag reduction in the chain-forming cells seemed to increase the swimming speed compared to solitary cells. The
measured swimming speeds agreed with those from field observations. The superior motility of chain-forming C. polykrikoides cells may be an important factor for its bloom, in addition to the factors reported previously. 相似文献
159.
The main objective of this study is to develop an eco-friendly and a large recycling technique of flotation Tailings from korea (TK) from metal mines as construction materials such as admixtures for high-fluidity concrete (HFC). TK used in this study was obtained from the Korea Molybdenum Corporation in operation. TK was used as the alternative material to adjust flowability and viscosity of HFC in the form of powder agent which enables adjustment of concrete compressive strength. In this study, we have performed concrete rheological tests and concrete flowability tests to obtain the quality characteristics of TK for using as the admixture in producing HFC. The results indicated that the adequate mix ratio of cement to TK should be 8:2 (vol%). It is more effective to use the TK as admixture to control flowability, viscosity and strength of HFC than the normal concrete. It was found that TK could be recycled construction materials in bulk such as admixture for HFC, in terms of the economic and eco-friendly aspects. 相似文献
160.
Individual based model of slug population and spatial dynamics 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y.H. Choi D.A. Bohan R.P.J. Potting M.A. Semenov D.M. Glen 《Ecological modelling》2006,190(3-4):336-350
The slug, Deroceras reticulatum, is one of the most important pests of agricultural and horticultural crops in UK and Europe. In this paper, a spatially explicit individual based model (IbM) is developed to study the dynamics of a population of D. reticulatum. The IbM establishes a virtual field within which slug spatial dynamics and changes in abundance were simulated. The strong dependence of slug behaviour on environmental conditions is built into the model, which is based upon previous work on the environmental dependence of slug population dynamics. The simulation results show that the IbM described well changes in the slug population. The IbM proved capable of describing slug populations over 3.5 years, including the presence, magnitude and duration of D. reticulatum population crashes within this period. Moreover, the model was capable of reproducing slug population dynamics at two sites, with distinct weather and some 100 km apart, with minor changes in initialisation values but no change in model structure and parameter values. A study of field heterogeneity, which might simulate various field designs, indicated the importance of spatial structuring to slug population dynamics and the utility of the IbM for simulating a range of potential spatial management treatments for slug control to maximise crop yield. This IbM system performs well and is currently being used as part of an integrated approach to predict slug population dynamics and control in the UK. 相似文献