Habitat evaluation using suitability index and habitat type diversity: a case study involving a shallow forest stream in central Taiwan

In recent years, the Taiwanese government has strongly promoted the concept of ecological engineering in the hope that doing so will encourage the maintenance of the ecosystem and its integrity. As a result, the riprap spur dike is one of the most commonly used measures for protecting stream banks. Traditionally, a spur dike is used at concave banks to prevent their scouring and/or to increase their stabilization. An additional benefit of deflector structures, like spur dikes, may be to increase the weighted usable area (WUA) for aquatic life survival during periods of increased flow (examples include typhoon, flood, etc.). A two-dimensional river habitat simulation program (River2D) coupled with a developed shallow water habitat type diversity module was used for the case study at a headwater stream in central Taiwan. The habitat suitability index for this study was established using substrate, depth, and velocity from field surveys for the fish family Cyprinidae by prepositioned area electrofisher. The ungauged flood conditions were calculated using digital elevation models within a watershed delineation and hydrological modeling system in accordance with local regulations. Simulated results indicate that the spur dikes currently in use on the stream in this study need be improved from a WUA point of view more effectively handle a flood event.     

典型重化工园区产能增加对城市O3浓度影响

重化工园区产能增加将加大园区挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放总量,进而影响本地及周边城市O₃浓度.珠三角实施的“VOCs倍量替代”政策可在城市层面有效抵消重化工园区VOCs排放量上升的不利影响,还可进一步降低城市VOCs排放总量,实现区域O₃浓度下降.以惠州市某大型重化工园区为例,编制2018—2020年重化工园区产能增加以及实施“VOCs倍量替代”政策的污染物排放清单,基于WRF-CMAQ模拟体系,定量分析多种情景下园区在基准年(2017年)7—10月气象条件下对惠州市及周边城市O₃影响程度.研究表明,重化工园区增产而增加VOCs排放4101.96 t,“VOCs倍量替代”综合减排余量7298.97 t;“VOCs倍量替代”政策可有效解决重化工园区增产对O₃浓度的不利影响,其中7月最为显著,主导东南风下风向的深圳市及惠州市大亚湾管委会站点O₃浓度降幅最大,分别为3.9μg·m^-3(下降率2.97%)和7μg·m^-3(下降率4.95%);...     

Air pollution associated with cognitive decline by the mediating effects of sleep cycle disruption and changes in brain structure in adults

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The effects of air pollution on sleep and dementia remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of air pollution on...     

北京市凉水河表层沉积物中砷含量及其赋存形态

选择北京市典型的非常规水源补给城市河流(凉水河)为研究对象,采用王水水浴消解法和BCR三步提取法分析了表层沉积物中砷含量及其形态,并利用富集系数法、风险评估指数法和沉积物重金属质量基准法对表层沉积物中砷进行评价.结果表明,凉水河表层沉积物中总砷含量范围是2.18~22.5 mg·kg~(-1),均值为6.01 mg·kg~(-1),多数样点低于北京市土壤中砷的背景值;沉积物中砷主要以残渣态(B4态)存在,平均含量为3.93 mg·kg~(-1);沉积物中各形态砷所占的平均比例顺序为:残渣态(B4态)可还原态(B2态)可氧化态(B3态)弱酸可溶解态(B1态),其中生物有效态砷占总砷的平均比例为39.61%.富集系数法分析结果显示凉水河表层沉积物中砷基本未出现富集;风险评估指数法分析结果显示凉水河60%的采样点表层沉积物中砷含量呈中度风险,40%的采样点呈低风险;沉积物重金属质量基准法分析结果显示凉水河55%的采样点表层沉积物中砷含量低于阈值效应水平(TEL),40%的采样点处于可能效应水平(PEL)和阈值效应水平(TEL)之间.     

Fenton法预处理垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液的研究

采用Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液进行预处理,探讨了pH值、FeSO4/H2O2用量及比例、以及反应时间对CODcr及色度去除率的影响.研究结果表明:当pH =4.0,FeSO4/H2O2用量0.75/7.5 (g/ml),反应时间2.5h,垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液的CODcr浓度从4 416 mg/L降低至630.7 ml/L,CODcr去除率达85.7％;色度从1 250倍降低至200倍以下,色度去除率达84％.因此,本工艺对垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液的CODcr及色度具有较好的去除效果,作为垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液的预处理工艺具有可行性.     

大断面隧道软弱围岩-支护系统稳定性分析

采用室内试验研究手段获得隧道围岩力学特性,以Mohr-Coulomb弹塑性模型及应变软化模型为基础,采用FLAC3D数值模拟软件,构建三维数值模型,计算深埋隧道围岩特征曲线及纵剖面变形曲线,并对隧道围岩及支护结构安全性进行评价。结果表明:采用弹塑性模型计算所得的隧道围岩安全系数低于应变软化模型所得的安全系数,表明采用弹塑性模型进行支护结构设计时,支护结构安全性较低,设计中可能会增加支护材料费用,而考虑应变软化条件下的围岩安全系数更加接近于工程实际;采用极限应变值或支护结构极限承载压力所获得的围岩—支护系统安全系数较为接近,说明两种方法的差异较小,均可用于隧道围岩支护结构优化设计,采用收敛—约束法计算隧道安全稳定性更加直观,对工程实际具有一定指导作用。     

河南省产业集聚区的主要问题与对策研究

介绍了河南省产业集聚区的基本现状,包括规模现状、基础设施情况、招商引资情况和特色产业集聚区现状等,从产业集聚区自身的不足、产业集聚区内外部环境的约束和挑战、地方政府行为误区三个方面深度挖掘河南省产业集聚区面临的主要问题,提出相关对策建议.