洱海地面水环境监测优化布点研究

根据１９８７年以后五年洱海水质监测数据的数理统计分析，选择污染指数大的ｐＨ、ＣＯＤ＿（Ｍｎ）、ＢＯＤ＿５、Ｔ－Ｎ、Ｔ－Ｐ进行单项方差分析，进而再进行灰色关联聚类分析和年际相关分析，确知洱海三个水质监测断面可归于一类。考虑水下地形、湖流、环湖工农业布局，水质监测点优化为两个即可保证其准确性、可控性和代表性。     

LIDAR Measurements of the Vertical Aerosol Profile and Optical Depth during the ACE-Asia 2001 IOP, at Gosan, Jeju Island, Korea

In order to investigate the characteristic of optical properties of Asian dust particles, the atmospheric aerosol vertical profile was measured with the multi-wavelength LIDAR system, at the Gosan super site (33 degrees 17'N, 126 degrees 10'E) in Jeju Island, Korea, during the ACE-Asia intensive observation period, 11 March-4 May 2001. An air mass backward trajectory analysis, using Hysplit-4, was carried out to track the aerosol plume, with high mass loading, from the Chinese desert regions during the period of Asian dust storm events. Vertical atmospheric aerosol profiles on three major Asian dust storm event days, 22 March and 13 and 26 April 2001, have been analyzed. The LIDAR-derived aerosol optical depth values were compared with those measured by a collocated sunphotometer.     

Eutrophication conditions and ecological status in typical bays of Lake Taihu in China

Sampling was conducted at three site groups, group E (in East Taihu Bay), G (in Gonghu Bay) and M (in Meiliang Bay) in Lake Taihu. TN and TP concentrations among site groups was in the increasing order of E < G < M. TP level at G sites is at the critical threshold for loss of submersed macrophytes. Mean values of DO and Transparence showed different trend, i.e., E > G > M. The mean phytoplankton fresh-weight biomass at M sites was 5.81 mg/l, higher than that at E sites (4.96 mg/l) and G sites (5.18 mg/l). Mean zooplankton fresh-weight biomass was in the decreasing order of M (6.4 mg/l) > G (4.9 mg/l) > E (2.7 mg/l). However, Rotifera density was in the sequence of E > G > M. Both zooplankton biomass and phytoplankton biomass increased with the rise of TN and TP concentrations. Relationships between zooplankton biomass and phytoplankton biomass showed that zooplankton played a limited role in the control of algae in eutrophic lakes. Nutrient availability is much more important than zooplankton grazing pressure in controlling phytoplankton growth in lakes. For most sites in Lake Taihu, reduction of nutrient loading, as well as macrophyte conservation, zappears to be especially important in maintaining high water quality and regulating lake biological structure, but for M sites, it’s urgent to control nutrient inputs rather than to restore macrophyte community.     

北京市耕地面积变化趋势预测及保护对策研究

耕地资源是人类生存和发展最重要的物质基础，也是不可再生的稀缺资源。特别是北京这样的国际大都市，人地矛盾十分突出，每寸土地都显得弥足珍贵。基于1996-2005年北京市的耕地面积数据，利用灰色模型预测方法建立GM（1，1）模型，对北京市2006-2010年的耕地面积变化趋势进行预测。预测结果显示，北京市耕地面积在未来几年内将呈现出持续减少的趋势，2010年耕地面积将比1996年减少约1／2。针对这种趋势和北京市的实际情况，提出了相应的耕地保护对策。     

鹤壁矿区土地利用与土壤侵蚀的关系研究

以河北省鹤壁矿区为研究区域,运用GIS和RS技术分析、研究了区域土壤侵蚀强度和土地利用状况.通过SPSS软件包的统计分析,计算土地利用类型与土壤侵蚀强度的相关系数,其强弱依次为:耕地>有林地>荒草地>灌木林地>裸岩石砾地>裸地;计算土壤侵蚀率,其强弱依次为:裸地>裸岩石砾地>灌木林地>荒草地>有林地>耕地.在此基础上进行了鹤壁矿区土地利用类型与土壤侵蚀的关系分析.结果表明,土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀率越低,则土地利用与土壤侵蚀强度的相关性越强.     

抚仙湖流域城镇污染分析及控制策略

对抚仙湖流域城镇生活污染、城镇径流污染及污水处理设施等进行了全面调查与分析,并提出了相应的污染控制策略。     

循环流化床锅炉烟气脱硫除尘技术改造

对承德市热电厂CG35／3．82－MX型循环流化术锅炉的脱硫除尘系统进行了改造,解决了原水膜除尘器效率低,烟法排放严重超标的问题,取得了良好的环境效益,社会效益和经济效益。     

提高潜流式人工湿地氮去除率的方法研究进展

潜流式人工湿地能够有效地去除舍碳有机污染物。但一般对舍氮污染物的去除效果相对较弱。针对这一问题，在参考国内外前人研究的基础上。总结并提出了提高污水中氮去除率的方法。指出应根据实际情况选择合适的植物和基质来构造湿地系统．通过增加一些必要的工程措施和改变一些管理手段如间歇运作及其他方法可增加湿地系统内部的溶解氧量来创造去除氮所需环境．还可通过对湿地系统进行工艺优化设计等措施来提高潜流式人工湿地氮去除率。     

UV光解技术在采油（气）田脱水废气处理中的应用

采用UV高效光解净化设备,对采油（气）田TEG脱水工艺产生的废气深度净化、脱臭,其净化效率达99%;同时克服了废气成分复杂、浓度高、含水率高、环境温差大、防爆要求高等废气净化方法的限制性难题,并能广泛适用于多种行业的废气净化。     

生物陶粒——硅藻土联合工艺脱氮除磷

试验采用硅藻土和生物接触氧化组合工艺处理污水处理厂出水,氨氮从10mg／L下降到0．5mg／L以下,去除率70～95％;硅藻土澄清池对总磷的去除率高于95％;且对浊度、色度均有良好的去除效果。