Revealing the GHG reduction potential of emerging biomass-based CO2 utilization with an iron cycle system

● Greenhouse gas mitigation by biomass-based CO₂ utilization with a Fe cycle system. ● The system including hydrothermal CO₂ reduction with Fe and Fe recovery by biomass. ● The reduction potential quantified by experiments, simulations, and an ex-ante LCA. ● The greatest GHG reduction potential is −34.03 kg CO₂-eq/kg absorbed CO₂. ● Ex-ante LCA supports process optimization to maximize GHG reduction potential. CO₂ utilization becomes a promising solution for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biomass-based CO₂ utilization (BCU) even has the potential to generate negative emissions, but the corresponding quantitative evaluation is limited. Herein, the biomass-based CO₂ utilization with an iron cycle (BCU-Fe) system, which converts CO₂ into formate by Fe under hydrothermal conditions and recovers Fe with biomass-derived glycerin, was investigated. The GHG reduction potential under various process designs was quantified by a multidisciplinary method, including experiments, simulations, and an ex-ante life-cycle assessment. The results reveal that the BCU-Fe system could bring considerable GHG emission reduction. Significantly, the lowest value is −34.03 kg CO₂-eq/kg absorbed CO₂ (−2.44 kg CO₂-eq/kg circulated Fe) with the optimal yield of formate (66%) and Fe (80%). The proposed ex-ante evaluation approach not only reveals the benefits of mitigating climate change by applying the BCU-Fe system, but also serves as a generic tool to guide the industrialization of emerging carbon-neutral technologies.     

燃煤烟气多环芳烃的生成及控制技术

燃煤产生的污染物中含有多环芳烃的有机污染物,它们对生态环境的潜在危害使得对其生成迁移及控制规律的研究受到人们日益广泛的关注,多环芳烃的排放控制已经成为一个新热点,也越来越在环保领域里得到高度重视。文章分析了燃煤过程多环芳烃生成的内在影响因素和外在影响因素,讨论了湿法除尘器和电除尘器对多环芳烃的脱除效果。     

三峡库区城市污水处理厂工艺特征分析

为了分析三峡库区（重庆）城市污水处理厂的工艺特性,对库区现有45座城市污水处理厂进行了调研。发现库区以5万m3/d以下规模的污水处理厂为主,占总数的89%。A/A/O系列工艺、氧化沟系列工艺和SBR及其变型工艺为主流主体工艺,其中占总数64%的污水处理厂选用了氧化沟系列工艺。水质参数的设置与工艺密切相关。污水中无机物含量较高,59%的污水处理厂的MLSS在4~6 g/L之间,71%的污水处理厂的MLVSS/MLSS在0.7以下。三峡库区城市污水处理厂进水水质波动大,碳源较充足,可生化性较好。另外,总结了污水处理厂运行中易出现的问题及建议措施。     

基于VFSMOD模型的植被缓冲带对千岛湖地区农田面源污染磷负荷削减效果模拟

植被缓冲带是控制农业面源污染的有力生态措施,其净化能力受到许多因素影响,设计施工时应考虑不同污染源区的具体情况。以千岛湖地区农田径流磷负荷削减为例,应用VFSMOD模型分析植被缓冲带宽度、坡度以及降水量对入流泥沙削减的影响,并估算拟合了入流总磷（TP）负荷的削减变化情况。模拟结果表明：植被缓冲带削减能力与缓冲带宽度呈正相关,与缓冲带坡度、降水量呈负相关;植被缓冲带坡度为3%时,对污染物削减效果最好;植被缓冲带对污染物的削减一般集中在前段的10 m。根据模拟结果,提出基于不同长度径流区丰、平、枯水文年植被缓冲带宽度设计的工作曲线,在设计时可根据期望的削减目标以及实际的径流区立地情况,因地制宜地确定相应的缓冲带宽度。研究可为植被缓冲带净化农田面源污染时宽度设计提供指导。     

装饰不锈钢管抛光粉尘的治理

通过装饰不锈钢管抛光粉尘治理实例，介绍除尘系统密闭罩设计、除尘以及装置的降噪、防腐、防磨。     

洱海西部雨季地表径流氮磷污染特征及受土地利用类型的影响

云南高原平坝区地表径流是湖泊氮、磷的主要来源之一.为研究高原平坝区雨季地表径流氮、磷污染特征及受土地利用类型的影响,调查了洱海西部平坝区雨季的径流氮、磷形态特征,并结合遥感影像空间分析与SPSS等统计分析,从汇水区尺度和缓冲区尺度上研究土地利用类型与地表径流水质的关系.结果表明:①研究区雨季地表径流氮、磷质量浓度较高,ρ（TP）为0.16~0.77 mg/L,且以DIP（溶解性无机磷）为主（63.01%）;ρ（TN）为1.75~14.86 mg/L,且以NO₃--N为主（78.15%）.②汇水区尺度上城镇用地对ρ（TP）影响突出.环湖农村居民点对ρ（NH₄+-N）影响突出,耕地中的高施肥种植区对ρ（TN）、ρ（NO₃--N）影响突出;③在缓冲区500、1 000和2 000 m尺度下,随缓冲区距离增加,土地利用类型对地表径流水质的影响减小.研究显示,城镇用地与高施肥种植区对洱海西部雨季地表径流氮、磷质量浓度影响最大,土地利用类型随缓冲区距离增加对水质的影响逐渐减小.      

物联网技术在智能环保系统中的应用

作为互联网基础上延伸和扩展的物联网,被广泛应用到环境保护中,本文分析了物联网技术在环境保护智能化、网络化中发挥的作用,极大地提高了环境监测水平,使管理者逐步由对环境问题的事后监管转变为事先预防。     

用稻壳硅源水热合成P型分子筛的研究

利用稻壳中丰富的氧化硅为硅源,以Al(OH)3为外加铝源,采用水热法合成P型分子筛.通过实验得到制备P型分子筛的最佳条件:硅铝摩尔比(SiO2/A12O3)为5.6,钠硅摩尔比(Na2O/SiO2)为1.43,水钠摩尔比(H2O/Na2O)为18.3,反应温度为85℃,反应时间为24 h.X射线衍射(XRD)与扫描电镜...     

Characterization of PBDEs in soils and vegetations near an e-waste recycling site in South China

The concentration and composition of PBDEs in the soils and plants near a typical e-waste recycling site in South China were investigated. The total concentration of PBDEs (ΣPBDEs) in soil ranged from 4.8 to 533 ng/g dry wt. The ΣPBDEs in vegetation were from 2.1 to 217 ng/g dry wt. For the vegetable, the highest concentration of 19.9 ng/g dry wt. was observed in the shoot of Brassica alboglabra L. BDE 209 was the predominant congener in all samples. In comaprison with other e-waste contaminated sites in China, lower concentrations of PBDEs and higher concentrations of PCBs were observed in both soils and plants suggesting different e-waste types involved in the present study. The PBDEs contaminated vegetables around the e-waste dismantling site may pose a potential health risk to the local inhabitants.     

用废弃印刷线路板制备粒状活性炭

以废旧印刷线路板非金属分离物为前躯体,经热解、成型、炭化和水蒸汽活化制备粒状活性炭.研究了热解温度对残碳收率的影响,煤焦油配比对成型碳强度的影响,活化反应条件对活性炭烧蚀率、比表面积和碘吸附值的影响.结果表明,随着热解温度的提高残碳收率下降;随着煤焦油配比增大,成型碳的强度呈现先增大后减少的趋势,成型碳机械强度最大时的...