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101.
This study investigated the influence of cat urine odour in suppressing development and fertility in Campbell's hamster males.
Exposure to this odour from postnatal day 11 until day 45 (sexual maturation) resulted in reduced sex organ weights, reduced
testosterone levels and in an increase in abnormalities of the synaptonemal complex in both sex chromosomes and autosomes.
Subsequent breeding experiments revealed a significant decrease in litter size. All these data indicate a severe effect of
predator odour on the breeding success of potential prey species. It is assumed that these effects are caused by the sulphurous
compounds in the urine; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet known.
Received: 31 January 2000 / Accepted in revised form: 6 June 2000 相似文献
102.
There are numerous reports of invertebrates that are visual mimics of ants, but no formal reports of mimicry of an ant, by
an ant. Two endemic Australian ants, Myrmecia fulvipes and Camponotus bendigensis are remarkably similar in colour and size; both are generally black but have red legs and golden gasters. The density and
hue of the pubescence of each ant's gaster are relatively uncommon in ants, but are very rare when combined with the black
forebody and red legs. The ants are similarly sized but are smaller than other species closely related to M. fulvipes. The range of C. bendigensis lies entirely within that of M. fulvipes, and both species excavate ground nests in open woodland. Finally, workers of both species are crepuscular and forage solitarily.
These data suggest that the relatively benign formicine C. bendigensis is a Batesian mimic of the formidable myrmeciine M. fulvipes.
Received: 9 August 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 22 December 1999 相似文献
103.
Mycotoxin-producing fungi were isolated from contaminated grains of rice, pulses and oilseeds sold in the local markets of
Calcutta for human consumption. It was found that aflatoxin B1 was produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, aflatoxin G1 by A. flavus, ochratoxin by Aspergillus ochraceous, sterigmatocystin by Aspergillus japonicus and citrinin by Penicillium citrinum. Aflatoxin B1 (333–10416 μg/kg) was produced by Aspergillus spp. in rice, pulses and oilseeds.
Received: 11 May 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 10 April 2000 相似文献
104.
Stanislav N. Gorb 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1999,86(11):552-555
Two main types of joints occur in the damselfly wing: mobile and immobile. Some longitudinal veins (RP2–, RP3&4–, and MP–) are elastically joined with cross veins, whereas other longitudinal veins (IR1+, IR2+, MA+, CuA'+) are firmly joined with cross veins. In this study we mapped the distribution of serial elastic elements in the wing. The
occurrence of resilin, a rubberlike protein, in mobile joints suggests that the automatic twisting mechanism of the leading
edge by aerodynamic force works not by flexibility but by the elasticity of these joints. First, it should result in elastic
energy storage in the distal areas of the wing. Second, serial elastic elements of wing presumably act as dampers of an aerodynamic
force, which are responsible for gradual twisting of the leading edge.
Received: 16 March 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 26 August 1999 相似文献
105.
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108.
Mr. M. T. Rebello G. Hackett J. Smith F. E. Loeffler S. Robson N. Maclachlan R. W. Beard C. H. Rodeck R. Williamson D. V. Coleman C. Williams 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(1):41-46
Ten-ml samples of amniotic fluid were taken from pregnancies being terminated at 8–14 weeks' gestation. DNA was extracted from the amniotic cells by sequential centrifugation and analysed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fifteen samples were analysed for evidence of maternal contamination using Mfd5 oligo-nucleotide primers for repeat polymorphisms. Ten amniotic fluid samples were tested for the Delta-F508 deletion characteristic of cystic fibrosis to demonstrate a diagnostic application for the technique. In each case, DNA extracted from fetal tissue from the same pregnancy was included in the controls. In 14 of the 15 cases tested with the Mfd5 primers, both the amniotic fluid DNA and the fetal DNA showed no evidence of contaminating DNA. In one case, neither the amniotic fluid cells nor the fetal cells yielded results. In nine of the ten cases tested with the Delta-F508 primers, the amniotic fluid cell DNA provided accurate information about the genetic status of the fetus; in the tenth, the fetal DNA failed to amplify. The results indicate that adequate DNA can be extracted from amniotic fluid from 8 weeks' gestation onward and these samples are suitable for prenatal diagnosis using PCR. 相似文献
109.
N. A. Petushkova 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(5):279-283
Chorionic villi obtained in the first trimester from a pregnancy at risk for α-mannosidosis were shown to have reduced α-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.24) activity. The pregnancy was terminated and subsequent enzyme studies of the fetal tissues were consistent with the diagnosis of α-mannosidosis. Like the enzyme in the child's fibroblast, α-mannosidase of the chorionic villi from a pregnancy at risk for α-mannosidosis was activated by high substrate concentration and by Zn2 +, and displayed a Km value two-fold higher than normal. Our results confirm that chorionic villi can be used for early prenatal diagnosis of α-mannosidosis. 相似文献
110.
C. Clark K. F. Kelly N. Smith N. Fairweather T. Brown A. Johnston N. E. Haites 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(7):467-470
The polymerase chain reaction has been used to detect an abundant class of short repeat DNA families of the form (dC-dA)n.(dG-dT)n, known as microsatellites. These units are found throughout the human genome and have been characterized for several loci including APOC2 on chromosome 19ql2-ql3.2. The locus APOC2 is linked to the gene for dystrophia myotonica and a microsatellite within this locus was used to derive polymorphisms in a family to predict the inheritance of the disease. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was performed at 151/2 weeks' gestation. Following DNA extraction from the CVS material and parental blood samples, microsatellite analysis was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction. 相似文献