我军"基地化宿营保障系统"建设初探

野营保障在后勤保障领域中地位特殊,是其他保障展开的基础和依托,如何适应现代战争体系作战的要求,实现体系化野营保障,是当今世界军事强国在后勤领域内的研究重点,针对此,通过研究美军"力量提供者系统"、俄军"自主式野战军营系统"和国内"救灾生活系统"等基地化宿营保障系统的研制目标、模块组成和使用情况,并从保障规模设置、功能模块组成、储运条件、保障力量设置与编程和主要运用场景及程序等方面,提出了我军基地化宿营保障系统建设的构想,旨在为提升我军野战条件下宿营保障的质量和效益进行探索。     

甘肃省旅游城市体系研究

运用主成分与聚类分析相结合的方法，根据《甘肃省城镇体系规划和城镇基础设施报告（2003）》，《中国优秀旅游城市检查标准》。甘肃省旅游局2004年对国内游客的抽样调查数据（2004），以及对甘肃省主要城市基础设施、社会经济发展等方面28项指标进行的主成分——因子聚类分析综合评价结果，得出主要城市的体系与功能评价，初步探讨甘肃省旅游城市体系，根据结果初步得出，甘肃省旅游城市体系分为，国际旅游城市——敦煌，省内一级旅游中心城市——兰州，省内二级旅游中心城市以及省内三级旅游中心城市和地方旅游中心城镇，并为各个城市的城市旅游形象和城市旅游标识体系，旅游城市的发展方向等进行了概念性规划。     

中国有机食品的生产和认证

中国的有机食品开发和认证工作起步于上个世纪末。经过近十年的发展，有机食品的开发行为已基本得到了社会各界的认可，更多的基地、企业、高校、科研单位以及政府部门都参与到这一新兴产业中，有机食品产业蓄势待发。目前，如何正确分析和处理有机食品开发过程中的一些问题以引导和促进该项事业的健康发展，已显得尤为重要。本文在总结近年来工作的基础上，提出了中国有机食品开发工作中存在的一些不足之处，希望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用，使更多的人参与到有机食品认证管理的讨论之中。     

重型柴油车车载排放实测与加载影响研究

采用车载排放测试仪,对2辆重型柴油卡车在空载和加载条件下进行实际道路车载排放测试.通过分析获得了油耗与排放速率的速度-加速度及其工况点的分布,发现高油耗与高排放工况点主要集中在高速加速区域,加载时油耗与排放高值随工况点分布更广;车辆在(30±2.5)km·h^-1等速及加速行驶时受加载影响最大,此时加载油耗与排放约是空载的1.6～3.2倍左右;由实测结果发现,卡车Ⅰ和卡车Ⅱ加载时油耗及CO、HC、NO_x排放因子分别是空载的1.6倍、3.5倍、1.1倍、1.5倍以及1.2倍、1.0倍、0.9倍和1.5倍,加载对油耗与NO_x排放影响最为明显,对HC影响最小,CO影响取决于车辆保养水平;卡车Ⅱ较卡车Ⅰ车型更大,发动机功率更高,相同荷载时受加载影响较小,说明重型车在发动机负荷可承受的范围内合理装载,有助于避免油耗与排放恶化,提高燃油经济性和排放水平.     

Ionic liquid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water

Ionic liquid-containing semipermeable membrane devices (IL-SPMDs) were developed to monitor the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water. Uptake kinetics of naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene by layflat low-density polyethylene tubing (15 cm x 2 cm) filled with 0.5 ml 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid were studied in a laboratory continuous-flow system for the duration of 16 days. The device concentration factors were in the range of 830-7800 for the studied PAHs. The kinetic parameters of IL/water partition coefficients, analytes uptake rate constants and sampling rates were estimated using mathematical models. These parameters were used in the field experiment to estimate the concentrations of the PAHs in Lanzhou section of Yellow River in China, with the result in comparison with that obtained by triolein-SPMD.     

Effects of medetomidine, a novel antifouling agent, on the burrowing bivalve Abra nitida (Müller)

The effects of medetomidine, a novel antifouling candidate, on the burrowing bivalve Abra nitida were studied. The burrowing behaviour, sediment reworking activity and faeces production were assessed after 24 h exposure of A. nitida to sublethal concentrations of medetomidine. Medetomidine caused a significant decrease in the burrowing response and in the sediment reworking activity. The median effective concentrations (EC50) were 430 nM (86 microg/l) and 4.4 nM (0.9 microg/l), respectively. No effects on the faeces production were detected. Although significant effects of medetomidine on A. nitida were registered, a reversibility of the effects was observed when 24 h-exposed animals were incubated in clean seawater and sediment for 24 h. Considerations relating to the future commercialisation of medetomidine for antifouling purposes are discussed.     

回收法氧化镁湿法烟气脱硫机理和工艺基础研究

以氧化镁浆液作为吸收液,对空气与SO₂混合气的鼓泡吸收做了全过程的实验观察.测试分析表明,在高效而稳定的脱硫过程中,吸收液的酸化是由HSO₃^-所致;酸化趋势与SO₂水解规律相一致,由初期高pH值下SO₃^2-为主的缓变到低pH值下HSO₃^-为主的剧变;吸收液温度对脱硫率的影响不敏感;MgSO₃相对高的溶解度和易氧化性及MgSO₄良好的水溶性保持了MgO脱硫的高效率(>98%)和高利用率.燃煤烟气脱硫工业试验确认了MgSO₄经吸收液循环可提浓至实验温度(40～50℃)下的饱和浓度而不产生有害影响,脱硫率因脱硫活性物质的富集反而提高,从而显示出回收工艺的技术经济可行性.     

Distribution and dissipation pathways of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in the Yellow River: Site investigation and lab-scale studies

Spatial distribution of nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs) and nonylphenol (NP) was investigated in a field study in Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River. NPEOs and their metabolites were found in the river, with the maximum dissolved concentrations of 6.38 nmol/L for NPEOs, 0.19 nmol/L for nonylphenol ethoxy acetic acids (NPECs) and 0.79 nmol/L for NP, respectively. The maximum concentrations in the sediment and suspended particle samples were 1.50 and 5.09 nmol/g for NPEOs and NP, respectively. The effects of particles, light and microorganism on the dissipation of NPEOs in the river water were investigated based on lab-scale experiments. When natural particles were removed, 72% and 22% degradation of NPEOs were achieved at 120 h in non-sterile and sterile conditions with light, respectively. Different concentrations of NPECs were also observed in these experiments. When suspended particle matters (SPMs) were present, about 38-50% of NPEOs were sorbed to the particulate phase in only 1 h. As a result, the degradation of NPEOs and production of NPECs were inhibited. However, the combined sorption and degradation in the presence of SPMs resulted in lower dissolved NPEO concentrations than those in the absence of SPMs. Biodegradation was the most important pathway for NPEOs degradation in the river water, while NPECs seemed to be produced through both biological and abiological pathways.     

CTMAB改性蛭石对水体中对硝基苯酚的吸附研究

为提高蛭石的层间距和对有机物的吸附能力,采用阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)对蛭石进行改性,并研究了其对水中对硝基苯酚的去除效果.结果显示,改性蛭石对溶液中的对硝基苯酚吸附能力明显强于原蛭石;改性蛭石对溶液中的对硝基苯酚的吸附过程在30min左右就基本达到平衡;碱性条件有利于改性蛭石吸附去除对硝基苯酚....     

胜利油田海底电缆敷设工程安全对策浅谈

介绍了海底电缆敷设工程检验工作的图纸资料审查、施工检验及完工试验三个阶段中应采取的安全对策,以提高海缆施工质量,加强质量管理,确保电缆的安全运行.