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201.
So-Ryong Chae Hyeong-Seok Jeong Jae-Lim Lim Seok-Tae Kang Hang-Sik Shin Byeong-Cheon Paik Jong-Ho Youn 《Water environment research》2004,76(3):272-279
A four-stage biological nutrient removal (BNR) process was operated to investigate the effect of anaerobically fermented leachate of food waste (AFLFW) as an external carbon source on nutrient removal from domestic wastewater having a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. The BNR system that was supplemented with AFLFW showed a good performance at a sludge retention time (SRT) of 30 days, despite low temperature. With this wastewater, average removal efficiencies of soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (T-N), and total phosphorus (T-P) were 88 to 93%, 70 to 74%, and 63 to 68%, respectively. In this study, several kinds of poly-hydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) were observed in cells. These included 24% poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), 41% poly-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHV), 18% poly-3-hydroxyhexanoate (PHH), 10% poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate (PHO), 5% poly-3-hydroxydecanoate (PHD). and 2% poly-3-hydroxydodecanoate (PHDD), indicating that microorganisms could store various PHAs through the different metabolic pathways. However, breakdown of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) mechanism was observed when SRT increased from 30 to 50 days for the enhancement of nitrification. To study the effect of SRT on EBPR, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system that was supplied with glucose was operated at various SRTs of 5, 10, and 15 days. Nitrification and denitrification efficiencies increased as SRT increased. However, the content of intracellular materials such as PHAs, glycogen. and poly-P in cells decreased. From these results, it was concluded that SRT should be carefully controlled to increase nitrification activity and to maintain biological phosphorus removal activity in the BNR process. 相似文献
202.
Suppression of sexual behavior in male Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to 17beta-estradiol
Mating pairs of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) received 17beta-estradiol (E2; dose, 3 and 30 microg/g body weight daily) in their diet and E2-free diet (control) for two weeks. The effect on reproductive success was assessed in the mating pairs, and sexual and nonsexual behaviors in the male were quantified. The fecundities of the E2-treated groups were reduced significantly (p < 0.05) compared with those of control, and the sexual behaviors (following, dancing, floating, and crossing) of male fish in response to prostaglandin F2alpha (PG)-injected E2-unexposed females were suppressed dramatically. While the fertility of spawned eggs and the frequencies of the nonsexual behaviors of resting and swimming in a straight line performed by male were unchanged in E2-exposed groups. Therefore, sexual behavior in male may be linked with reproductive success in mating pair of madaka exposed to E2. This assay for sexual behavior using PG may provide a useful tool for assessing the effect of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. 相似文献
203.
Peng Zhao Tong Zhu Baosheng Liang Min Hu Ling Kang Jicheng Gong 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2007,1(2):159-165
Agricultural activity is one of the most important sources of aerosol particles. To understand the mass distribution and sources of aerosol particles and their inorganic water-soluble ions in a suburb farmland of Beijing, particle samples were collected using a microorifice uniform deposit impactor (MOUDI) in the summer of 2004 in a suburb vegetable field. The distribution of the particles and their inorganic water-soluble ions in the diameter range of 0.18–18 μm were measured. The dominant fine particle ions were SO4 2?, NO3 ?, and NH4 +. The association of day-to-day variation of the concentration of these ions with temperature, humidity, and solar radiation suggested that they are formed by the reaction of NH3 released from the vegetable field with the acid species produced from photochemical reactions. Fine particle K+ is likely from vegetation emission and biomass burning. Coarse particles like Ca2+, Mg2+, NO3 ?, and SO4 2? are suggested to come from the mechanical process by which the soil particle entered the atmosphere, and from the reaction of the acid species at the surface of the soil particle. The results show that fertilizer and soil are important factors determining the aerosol particle over agricultural fields, and vegetable fields in suburban Beijing contribute significantly to the aerosol particle. 相似文献
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在分析秦皇岛市废矿物油的产生和排放现状的基础上,指出废矿物油资源化是解决近岸海域油污染的最佳条件,并提出了一些可操作性的废矿物油资源化对策。 相似文献
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209.
西南酸雨地区土壤中铝溶出规律的探讨 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
本文介绍了实验室动态模拟结果,对西南地区酸性沉降引起的土壤铝淋溶过程予以探讨。通过计算机推算拟合,提出了预测土壤中铝淋溶容量计算法。运用正交实验法,研究了近似于天然的动态过程中影响铝淋溶的主要因素及各因素间的相关性。得到了当降雨pH<6.0时,酸性土或弱酸性土中铝溶量和时间呈指数关系,以及影响铝溶出因素主要是酸雨的pH值、土壤的缓冲能力和环境温度等结论。 相似文献
210.
水相催化芳香氯化物脱氯研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过把起相转移作用的聚乙二醇(PEG)链,键合到硅胶上,再将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)络合双金属Pd-Cu后负载其上,制成一种新型双负载双金属催化剂PVP-PdCl2/SiO2-PEG600,以甲酸钠为氢转移试剂,在水相催水芳香氯化物脱氯,当反应温度80℃左右,n(Pd):n(Cu)=2:1,反应介质pH值11.7左右时,具有较高的催化脱卤活性,催化剂不但易于制备,便于分离,且具有良好的重复使用性能,经重复使用六次,转化率仍在70%以上。 相似文献