全文获取类型
收费全文 | 312篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 14篇 |
废物处理 | 25篇 |
环保管理 | 24篇 |
综合类 | 33篇 |
基础理论 | 58篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 111篇 |
评价与监测 | 37篇 |
社会与环境 | 15篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 17篇 |
2022年 | 31篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 10篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 39篇 |
2012年 | 12篇 |
2011年 | 18篇 |
2010年 | 6篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 6篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1963年 | 3篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 2篇 |
1929年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有318条查询结果,搜索用时 546 毫秒
231.
James R. Kastner Keshav C. Das Cheng Hu Ron McClendon 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1218-1224
Abstract Increasing public concerns over odors and air regulations in nonattainment zones necessitate the remediation of a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated in the poultry-rendering industry. Currently, wet scrubbers using oxidizing chemicals such as chlorine dioxide (ClO2) are utilized to treat VOCs. However, little information is available on the kinetics of ClO2 reaction with rendering air pollutants, limiting wet scrubber design and optimization. Kinetic analysis indicated that ClO2 does not react with hexanal and 2-methylbutanal regardless of pH and temperature and implied that alde-hyde removal occurs primarily via mass transfer. Contrary to the aldehydes, ethanethiol or ethyl mercaptan (a model compound for methanethiol or methyl mercaptan) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) rapidly reacted with ClO2. The overall reaction was found to be second and third order for ethanethiol and DMDS, respectively. Moreover, an increase in pH from 3.6 to 5.1 exponentially increased the reaction rate of ethanethiol (e.g., k 2 = 25– 4200 L/mol/sec from pH 3.6 to 5.1) and significantly increased the reaction rate of DMDS if increased to pH 9 (k 3 = 1.4 × 106 L2/mol2/sec). Thus, a small increase in pH could significantly improve wet scrubber operations for removal of odor-causing compounds. However, an increase in pH did not improve aldehyde removal. The results explain why aldehyde removal efficiencies are much lower than methanethiol and DMDS in wet scrub-bers using ClO2. 相似文献
232.
Thyroid functional status of wild fish in relation with the contamination of their environment deserves further investigation. We here applied a multi-level approach of thyroid function assessment in 87 wild sea bass collected near several estuaries: namely the Scheldt, the Seine, the Loire, the Charente and the Gironde. Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in muscle were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. The activity of hepatic enzymes involved in extrathyroidal pathways of thyroid hormone metabolism, viz. deiodination, glucuronidation and sulfatation were analyzed. Last, follicle diameter and epithelial cell heights were measured. We observed changes that are predicted to lead to an increased conversion of T4-T3 and lowered thyroid hormone excretion. The changes in the metabolic pathways of thyroid hormones can be interpreted as a pathway to maintain thyroid hormone homeostasis. From all compounds tested, the higher chlorinated PCBs seemed to be the most implicated in this perturbation. 相似文献
233.
James R. Kastner K. C. Das 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(4):459-469
Abstract The promulgation of odor control rules, increasing public concerns, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) air regulations in nonattainment zones necessitates the remediation of a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated by the rendering industry. Currently, wet scrubbers with oxidizing chemicals are used to treat VOCs; however, little information is available on scrubber efficiency for many of the VOCs generated within the rendering process. Portable gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) units were used to rapidly identify key VOCs on-site in process streams at two poultry byproduct rendering plants. On-site analysis was found to be important, given the significant reduction in peak areas if samples were held for 24 hr before analysis. Major compounds consistently identified in the emissions from the plant included dimethyl disulfide, methanethiol, octane, hexanal, 2-methylbutanal, and 3-methylbutanal. The two branched aldehydes, 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal, were by far the most consistent, appearing in every sample and typically the largest fraction of the VOC mixture. A chlorinated hydrocarbon, methanesulfonyl chloride, was identified in the outlet of a high-intensity wet scrubber, and several VOCs and chlorinated compounds were identified in the scrubbing solution, but not on a consistent basis. Total VOC concentrations in noncondensable gas streams ranged from 4 to 91 ppmv. At the two plants, the odor-causing compound methanethiol ranged from 25 to 33% and 9.6% of the total VOCs (v/v). In one plant, wet scrubber analysis using chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as the oxidizing agent indicated that close to 100% of the methanethiol was removed from the gas phase, but removal efficiencies ranged from 20 to 80% for the aldehydes and hydrocarbons and from 23 to 64% for total VOCs. In the second plant, conversion efficiencies were much lower in a packed-bed wet scrubber, with a measurable removal of only dimethyl sulfide (20–100%). 相似文献
234.
P. Nissenson D. Dabdub R. Das V. Maurino C. Minero D. Vione 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(38):4859-4866
Experiments are conducted to determine the effect of a cage of water molecules on the photolysis quantum yields of nitrate, FeOH2+, and H2O2. Results suggest that the quantum yields of nitrate and FeOH2+ are decreased by the recombination of photo-fragments ( OH + NO2 and Fe2+ + OH, respectively) before they leave the surrounding cage of water molecules. However, no evidence is found for an enhanced quantum yield for H2O2. Therefore, the photolysis of nitrate and FeOH2+ could be enhanced if the cage of the solvent molecules is incomplete, as is the case at the air–water interface of atmospheric droplets. The photolysis rate constant distribution within nitrate, FeOH2+, and H2O2 aerosols is calculated by combining the expected quantum yield data in the bulk and at the interface with Mie theory calculations of light intensity. The photolysis rate constant of nitrate and FeOH2+ would be significantly higher at the surface than in the bulk if quantum yields are enhanced at the surface. In the case of H2O2, the photolysis rate constant would be enhanced by surface accumulation. The results concerning the expected rates of photolysis of these photoactive species are applied to the assessment of the reaction between benzene and OH in the presence of OH scavengers in an atmospherically relevant scenario. For a droplet of 1 μm radius, a large fraction of the total OH-benzene reaction (15% for H2O2, 20% for nitrate, and 35% for FeOH2+) would occur in the surface layer, which accounts for just 0.15% of the droplet volume. 相似文献
235.
Raghavendra Aminedi Gunveen Wadhwa Niranjan Das Bonamali Pal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6521-6530
This paper demonstrated the relative bactericidal activity of photoirradiated (6W-UV Torch, λ?>?340 nm and intensity?=?0.64 mW/cm2) P25–TiO2 nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanotubes for the killing of Gram-negative bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 for the first time. TiO2 nanorod (anatase) with length of 70–100 nm and diameter of 10–12 nm, and TiO2 nanotube with length of 90–110 nm and diameter of 9–11 nm were prepared from P-25 Degussa TiO2 (size, 30–50 nm) by hydrothermal method and compared their biocidal activity both in aqueous slurry and thin films. The mode of bacterial cell decomposition was analyzed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR), and K+ ion leakage. The antimicrobial activity of photoirradiated TiO2 of different shapes was found to be in the order P25–TiO2?>?nanorod?>?nanotube which is reverse to their specific surface area as 54?<?79?<?176 m2 g?1, evidencing that the highest activity of P25–TiO2 nanoparticles is not due to surface area as their crystal structure and surface morphology are entirely different. TiO2 thin films always exhibited less photoactivity as compared to its aqueous suspension under similar conditions of cell viability test. The changes in the bacterial surface morphology by UV-irradiated P25–TiO2 nanoparticles was examined by TEM, oxidative degradation of cell components such as proteins, carbohydrates, phospholipids, nucleic acids by FT-IR spectral analysis, and K+ ion leakage (2.5 ppm as compared to 0.4 ppm for control culture) as a measure of loss in cell membrane permeability. 相似文献
236.
Susceptibility of epigeic earthworm Eisenia fetida to agricultural application of six insecticides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ecotoxicological risks of agricultural application of six insecticides to soil organisms were evaluated by acute toxicity tests under laboratory condition following OECD guidelines using the epigeic earthworm Eisenia fetida as the test organism. The organochlorine insecticide endosulfan (LC50 - 0.002 mg kg−1) and the carbamate insecticides aldicarb (LC50 - 9.42 mg kg−1) and carbaryl (LC50 - 14.81 mg kg−1) were found ecologically most dangerous because LC50 values of these insecticides were lower than the respective recommended agricultural dose (RAD). Although E. fetida was found highly susceptible to the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin (LC50 - 0.054 mg kg−1), the value was higher than its RAD. The organophosphate insecticides chlorpyrifos (LC50 - 28.58 mg kg−1), and monocrotophos (LC50 - 39.75 mg kg−1) were found less toxic and ecologically safe because the LC50 values were much higher than their respective RAD. 相似文献
237.
Debajyoti Misra Gautam Das Triankur Chakrabortty Debaprasad Das 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(3):1574-1582
Clever solid waste bin is important to create a well-organized and dynamic waste management system. This paper presents the novel way of carrying out an integrated sensing system which automates the solid waste management process. The proposed smart waste bin is based on ultrasonic-level sensor and various gas sensors which automatically sense the hazardous gases and the maximum limit of waste. The approach is unique and uses cloud and mobile app-based monitoring. Two important features of work are it not only checks the maximum waste level of the bin but also checks various stinky gases. The other part of the work is conveying the information to the responsible authority. This unique approach takes the assistance of cloud sever because of its advantages in field of usability, accessibility and disaster recovery. The information can be linked with municipality web server for immediate action. The waste bins are tracked by a unique number which represents its location. The eccentric technique gives all information related to physical condition of a particular bin and can easily reach the corresponding authority. The whole information is interconnected with a cloud-based web-information system at the host server. 相似文献
238.
Thomas Elmqvist José Siri Erik Andersson Pippin Anderson Xuemei Bai Pranab Kishore Das Tatu Gatere Andrew Gonzalez Julie Goodness Steven N. Handel Ellika Hermansson Török Jessica Kavonic Jakub Kronenberg Elisabet Lindgren David Maddox Raymond Maher Cheikh Mbow Timon McPhearson Joe Mulligan Guy Nordenson Meggan Spires Ulrika Stenkula Kazuhiko Takeuchi Coleen Vogel 《Sustainability Science》2018,13(6):1549-1564
Cities are currently experiencing serious, multifaceted impacts from global environmental change, especially climate change, and the degree to which they will need to cope with and adapt to such challenges will continue to increase. A complex systems approach inspired by evolutionary theory can inform strategies for policies and interventions to deal with growing urban vulnerabilities. Such an approach would guide the design of new (and redesign of existing) urban structures, while promoting innovative integration of grey, green and blue infrastructure in service of environmental and health objectives. Moreover, it would contribute to more flexible, effective policies for urban management and the use of urban space. Four decades ago, in a seminal paper in Science, the French evolutionary biologist and philosopher Francois Jacob noted that evolution differs significantly in its characteristic modes of action from processes that are designed and engineered de novo (Jacob in Science 196(4295):1161–1166, 1977). He labeled the evolutionary process “tinkering”, recognizing its foundation in the modification and molding of existing traits and forms, with occasional dramatic shifts in function in the context of changing conditions. This contrasts greatly with conventional engineering and design approaches that apply tailor-made materials and tools to achieve well-defined functions that are specified a priori. We here propose that urban tinkering is the application of evolutionary thinking to urban design, engineering, ecological restoration, management and governance. We define urban tinkering as:
相似文献
A mode of operation, encompassing policy, planning and management processes, that seeks to transform the use of existing and design of new urban systems in ways that diversify their functions, anticipate new uses and enhance adaptability, to better meet the social, economic and ecological needs of cities under conditions of deep uncertainty about the future.This approach has the potential to substantially complement and augment conventional urban development, replacing predictability, linearity and monofunctional design with anticipation of uncertainty and non-linearity and design for multiple, potentially shifting functions. Urban tinkering can function by promoting a diversity of small-scale urban experiments that, in aggregate, lead to large-scale often playful innovative solutions to the problems of sustainable development. Moreover, the tinkering approach is naturally suited to exploring multi-functional uses and approaches (e.g., bricolage) for new and existing urban structures and policies through collaborative engagement and analysis. It is thus well worth exploring as a means of delivering co-benefits for environment and human health and wellbeing. Indeed, urban tinkering has close ties to systems approaches, which often are recognized as critical to sustainable development. We believe this concept can help forge much-closer, much-needed ties among engineers, architects, evolutionary ecologists, health specialists, and numerous other urban stakeholders in developing innovative, widely beneficial solutions for society and contribute to successful implementation of SDG11 and the New Urban Agenda.
239.
Sourav Bhowmick Ritwika Das Amal Chandra Das 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(10):6849-6856
An experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to investigate the effect of two pre-emergence herbicides, viz., thiobencarb (at 1.5 and 4.5 kg active ingredient (a.i.) ha?1) and pretilachlor (at 0.5 and 1.5 kg a.i. ha?1), on the growth and multiplication of some microorganisms (bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi) in relation to transformations and availability of C and N in the Gangetic alluvial soil (Typic Haplustept) of West Bengal, India. Application of both the herbicides, in general, significantly increased microbial biomass, resulting in greater retention, mineralization and availability of oxidizable organic C and N in soil, and the stimulations were more pronounced when the herbicides were applied at their lower concentrations (recommended field application rates), more so with thiobencarb, as compared to pretilachlor. Compared to untreated control soil, the application of thiobencarb at lower concentration increased the proliferation of total bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi by 57.3, 36.6 and 55.2 %, respectively, and released the highest amount (40.2 %) of soluble NO3 ? in soil, while pretilachlor at field application rate induced the growth and multiplication of bacteria and fungi by 58.3 and 17.6 %, respectively. Irrespective of the concentrations, the stimulations were at par for both the herbicides towards the retention of oxidizable organic C, total N and exchangeable NH4 + in soil. 相似文献
240.