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131.
Das K Holsbeek L Browning J Siebert U Birkun A Bouquegneau JM 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2004,131(2):197-204
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (delta13C and delta15N) and trace metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, and Hg) were analysed in the tissues of 46 harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena relicta) caught in fishing nets along the Ukrainian coasts between 1997 and 1998. Mean delta13C values differed significantly between male and female harbour porpoises suggesting a trophic segregation between sexes with a more coastal distribution for females at least during their gestation and nursing periods. Hepatic Hg was correlated to delta13C measurements, reflecting a different exposure linked to coastal vs offshore feeding habitats. A geographical comparison with existing data from other regions showed general low levels of Hg, Cd, Cu and Zn in the tissues of harbour porpoises from the Black Sea compared to other Atlantic and North Sea areas. 相似文献
132.
Detection and avoidance of hypoxic water by juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun and C. similis Williams were observed under laboratory conditions. Hypoxia avoidance was quantified within an avoidance chamber using response time (time in minutes before a crab's initial entry into the normoxic side of the avoidance chamber after the introduction of hypoxic water into the chamber), total time (amount of time spent by each crab at the hypoxic end of the chamber during the final 50 min of each 60 min treatment), activity (total distance travelled by a crab during a treatment), percent avoidance and preferred oxygen tension as indices of measurement. The mean preferred oxygen tension for C. sapidus was 112 torr oxygen (range = 98 to 125 torr) and for C. similis was 108 torr oxygen (range = 82 to 121 torr). Both species were able to detect hypoxic water and remain at an optimum oxygen tension. When percent avoidance, response time and total time were used as measures of avoidance, C. similis was found to detect and avoid hypoxic water at 0, 25 and 50 torr oxygen tension but not at any higher levels of hypoxia. C. sapidus, on the other hand, did not initiate any significant avoidance behavior even when the water was completely anoxic. Both species of crabs were more active at the higher oxygen tensions than in the more hypoxic levels. Behavioral responses associated with short-term hypoxic exposure included increased activity with the introduction of hypoxic water into the chamber, frequent movement of the eye-stalk, avoidance of hypoxic water by slowly crawling out of the hypoxic zone, restless and erratic movements, and rapid movements of the crabs' antennae. We conclude that C. similis can better detect and avoid hypoxia than C. sapidus. 相似文献
133.
Rohit Shrivastav Sanjay Kumar Mathur Shobhit Shrivastav M. M. Shrivastav Sahab Das Satya Prakash 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1996,40(3):271-278
Peat, ice deposits and aquatic sediments, which have been used as a geochemical monitor of atmospheric heavy metal pollution until now, are open and dynamic systems and can be easily affected by climatic variations. In contrast, bricks, which are more compact, can act as a better geochemical monitor. Analysis of Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn in scores of soil and brick (baked/unbaked) samples, collected from a large area in and around a rapidly growing Indian city, Agra, reveals approximately similar concentrations in soils and bricks, thereby showing insignificant fractionation of these metals during brick making. Further, metals concentration in the core of bricks remains unaffected by any significant amount of acidic and alkaline rain. Thus, the feasibility of a novel role of bricks as a geochemical monitor of atmospheric heavy metal pollution has been tested. Utilizing this concept, an attempt has also been made to trace the history of atmospheric copper depositions in the soils of Agra during the last 100 years. 相似文献
134.
A framework for assessing vulnerability of inland fisheries to impacts of climate variability in India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. K. Das P. K. Srivastava A. Rej Md. L. Mandal A. P. Sharma 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2016,21(2):279-296
In recent years climate variability has threatened the sustainability of inland fisheries and dependent fishers in India. Systematic methodology to assess the vulnerability of the fisheries sector to climate variability is currently not available. Towards this end, the present work deals with the assessment of inland fisheries vulnerability to climate variations in 13 districts of West Bengal state in India. For this purpose, a composite vulnerability index (0.0–1.0) has been developed on the basis of functional relationships amongst sensitivity, exposure and adaptive capacity using 19 indicators related to inland fisheries. The data obtained reflected different spatial combinations of climate exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity among the districts. Five districts were highly vulnerable which was attributable to low adaptive capacity of the fishers which played an important role in altering the spatial pattern of vulnerability among the districts. Thus our research will provided an important basis for policy makers to develop appropriate adaptation strategies to minimize the risk of fisheries sector to climate variability. 相似文献
135.
Pooja Ghosh Mihir Tanay Das Indu Shekhar Thakur 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):8084-8094
Landfill leachate has become a serious environmental concern because of the presence of many hazardous compounds which even at trace levels are a threat to human health and environment. Therefore, it is important to assess the toxicity of leachate generated and discharge it conforming to the safety standards. The present work examined the efficiency of an earlier reported Pseudomonas sp. strain ISTDF1 for detoxification of leachate collected from Okhla landfill site (New Delhi, India). GC-MS analysis performed after treatment showed the removal of compounds like alpha-limonene diepoxide, brominated dioxin-2-one, Bisphenol A, nitromusk, phthalate derivative, and nitrobenzene originally found in untreated leachate. ICP-AES analysis for heavy metals also showed reduction in concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Pb bringing them within the limit of safety discharge. Methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay for cytotoxicity, alkaline comet assay for genotoxicity, and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay for dioxin-like behavior were carried out in human hepato-carcinoma cell line HepG2 to evaluate the toxic potential of treated and untreated leachates. The bacterium reduced toxicity as shown by 2.5-fold reduction of MTT EC50 value, 7-fold reduction in Olive Tail Moment, and 2.8-fold reduction in EROD induction after 240 h of bacterial treatment. 相似文献
136.
Kaustubha Mohanty Debabrata Das Manindra Nath Biswas 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):452-463
Arachis hypogaea hulls, an agricultural waste, were used to prepare activated carbon by chemical activation with zinc chloride under four different activation atmospheres. The most important parameter in chemical activation was found to be the chemical ratio (activating agent/precursor). Carbonization temperature and time are the other two important variables, which had significant effect on the pore structure of carbon. The maximum Brunquer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and micropore volume of the activated carbon was found to be 418 m2/g and 0.28 cm3/g, respectively. The activated carbon developed shows substantial capability to adsorb phenol from aqueous solutions. The kinetic data were fitted to the models of intraparticle diffusion, pseudo-second-order, and Lagergren, and followed more closely the pseudo-second-order chemisorption model. The isotherm equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Solution pH has significant effect on adsorption and the maximum uptake of phenol was reported at pH 3.5. 相似文献
137.
Mishra Jyotirmoy Nanda Bharadwaj Patro Sanjaya K. Das Shaswat K. Mustakim Syed M. 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(3):1095-1108
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Earlier studies indicated that the reactive MgO reduces shrinkage crack and porosity, and accelerates the hydration and strength development.... 相似文献
138.
Verma Madan L. Sukriti Dhanya B. S. Saini Raj Das Anamika Varma Rajender S. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(3):2189-2212
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Biosensors are gaining interest in biomedical and environmental sciences. In particular, graphene-based biosensors are promising due to the unique properties of... 相似文献
139.
Al-Harrasi Ahmed Behl Tapan Upadhyay Tanuj Chigurupati Sridevi Bhatt Shvetank Sehgal Aayush Bhatia Saurabh Singh Sukhbir Sharma Neelam Vijayabalan Shantini Palanimuthu Vasanth Raj Das Suprava Kaur Rajwinder Aleya Lotfi Bungau Simona 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42404-42432
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The human coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a novel coronavirus; the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).... 相似文献
140.
Mukherjee Tuhin Behl Tapan Sharma Sanchay Sehgal Aayush Singh Sukhbir Sharma Neelam Mathew Bijo Kaur Jasleen Kaur Ratandeep Das Mayukh Aleya Lotfi Bungau Simona 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(6):8109-8125
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide that is produced by the lymphoid cells and plays a major role in immunological functions for... 相似文献