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991.
Deng H Ge L Xu T Zhang M Wang X Zhang Y Peng H 《Journal of environmental quality》2011,40(6):1730-1736
Microorganisms are an integral part of the biogeochemical processes in wetlands. To improve the performance of constructed wetlands, it is very important to know the metabolic properties and functional diversity of the microbial communities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the metabolic properties and functional diversity of the microbial community in a horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland (CW) in a laboratory study through the sole-carbon-source utilization profiles using Biolog-ECO microplates. The technique has advantages over traditional cell culture techniques, such as molecular-level techniques-RNA amplification, which are time-consuming, expensive, and only applicable to the small number of species that may be cultured. This CW was designed to treat rural eutrophic water in China, using the plant L. This study showed that the metabolic activities of upper front substrate microorganisms (UF) were greater than those of the lower back substrate microorganisms (LB) in the CW. Integrated areas under average well color development (AWCD) curves of substrate microorganisms in the UF were 131.9, 4.8, and 99.3% higher than in the lower front part (LF), the upper back part (UB), and the LB part of the CW, respectively. Principal components analysis showed significant differences in both community structure and metabolic utilization of carbon sources between substrate microorganisms from different sampling sites. Carbon source utilization of polymers, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, and amino acids was higher in UF than in LF, but that of amines and phenolic compounds was very similar in UF and LF. The richness, evenness, and diversity of upper substrate microbial communities were significantly higher than those of lower substrate. The LF substrate microbial communities had lower evenness than the other sampling plots, and the lowest richness of substrate microbial community was found in the LB part of the CW. 相似文献
992.
钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
介绍了钻井清洁生产的核心设备——钻井废液-废水处理一体化设备的原理、流程和处理效果。实践证明,用这种一体化设备处理普通聚合物钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,设备排水质量可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(一级标准或二级标准);当用于处理高温深井聚合物-磺酸盐复杂钻井液体系产生的钻井废液时,除了COD外, 排出水的主要水质指标可达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》(二级标准)。用该设备处理后的泥渣含水率低于55%,泥渣体积减少了88%。 相似文献
993.
994.
A novel humic acid-based polycarboxylic-type (HAP) dispersant for coal–water slurry (CWS) was successfully synthesized in aqueous solution from the copolymerization of HA, acrylic acid and maleic acid. The structure of HAP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG) and 1H NMR. With HAP as a dispersant for Linfen coal slurry, the effects of the mass ratio of HA and monomer, initiator concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time on the HAP dispersant performance were discussed by examining the apparent viscosity of CWS. The results showed that CWS prepared withHAP dispersant performed excellent dispersity and stability. When the dosage of HAP was up to 0.5 wt.%, the apparent viscosity of CWS was 505 mPa·s. Experiments on the stability of CWS containing 0.5 wt.% HAP demonstrated that the penetration ratio reached 85.45 % after 96 h, which was higher by 12.87 % than that of CWS prepared with HA. And the CWS produced with HAP had lower dewatering rate within the storage time, which was less 1.85 % than that of CWS with HA when the storage time was 72 h. Furthermore, the maximum coal content of CWS with 0.5 wt.% HAP may reached 70 wt.%. This work found a new route for utilizing humic acid and enlarged the selecting range of the dispersant for CWS. It has a positive significance for protection of environment. 相似文献
995.
高等水生植物修复双龙湖水体叶绿素a变化试验研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
重庆渝北双龙湖水体因长期受纳城市污水,近几年水体水质恶化并呈加重趋势,为治理修复该水体,进行了水面种植高等植物净化双龙湖富营养化水体的动态和静态试验研究。结果表明,试验植物风车草、蕹菜,芹菜对叶绿素a的降低率分别是17.64%、42.99%、38.05%,附着物与根系重量比(湿重%)是风车草:5.1-132.7、芹菜:100.0、蕹菜:48.3;三种植物对富营养化水体有较好的修复作用,对降低叶绿素a作用明显,对悬浮污染物有较好的吸附作用,其中风车草对修复营养化水体的作用应予重视。 相似文献
996.
997.
影响大气污染物扩散的因素很多,一般包括大气稳定度、垂直和水平温度梯度、低空风场引起的平流动力输送、地面粗糙度、湍流运动、雨雾等。这些因素都不同程度地影响大气污染物的扩散,以一定的传输和扩散规律决定大气污染水平的高低,并由此使各局部区域污染程度各不相同。 相似文献
998.
Ke Xiao Jianping Deng Li Zeng Tao Guo Yan Gong Bo Yang Xu Zhao Huabo Duan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(1):98-104
Electrolysis is a promising technology to improve sludge dewaterability efficiently with negligible environmental impact. To intensify the electrolytic efficiency, the effect of electrolytes (NaCl, Na2SO4, NaNO3, and NaClO4) on electrolysis pretreatment of municipal sludge and its mechanisms was investigated using Ti/PbO2 electrodes. The electrolytes, which enhanced the production of oxidative radicals, showed a significant synergetic effect in reducing the capillary suction time (CST) of sludge. NaCl was distinguished from the other electrolytes since it formed a large amount of active chlorine species, which oxidized the sludge cells to improve the sludge dewaterability. The surface morphologies as well as the soluble proteins and polysaccharides were analyzed to unravel the underlying mechanisms of sludge dewaterability. Additionally, an economic assessment showed that NaCl addition in the electrolysis pretreatment can be a suitable technique for enhancing municipal sludge dewaterability. 相似文献
999.
1000.
本文概述了用于水质总体规划研究中的协调规划、协同游戏理论和存优汰劣等3种多指标决策方法。介绍了在常州市水质保护总体规划方案优化研究中应用多指标决策方法,在进行水质效益和费用分析基础上,确定最优的总体规划方案。 相似文献