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751.
Qiongfang Zhuo Xiang Li Feng Yan Bo Yang Shubo Deng Jun Huang Gang Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(8):1733-1740
The 6:2 FTS was the substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) in the chrome plating industry in Japan. Electrochemical oxidation of 6:2 FTS was investigated in this study. The degradabilities of PFOS and 6:2 FTS were tested on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. The effects of current density,potential,and supporting electrolyte on the degradation of 6:2 FTS were evaluated. Experimental results showed that 6:2 FTS was more easily degraded than PFOS on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. At a low current density of 1.42 mA/cm2,6:2 FTS was not degraded on Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3,while the degradation ratio increased when the current density ranged from 4.25 to 6.80 mA/cm2. The degradation of 6:2 FTS at current density of 6.80 mA/cm2 followed pseudo first-order kinetics with the rate constant of 0.074 hr-1. The anodic potential played an important role in the degradation of 6:2 FTS,and the pseudo first-order rate constants increased with the potential. The surface of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3was contaminated after electrolysis at constant potential of 3 V,while the fouling phenomenon was not observed at 5 V. The fouled anode could be regenerated by incinerating at 600°C. The intermediates detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer(UPLC–MS/MS) were shorter chain perfluorocarboxylic acids. The 6:2 FTS was first attacked by hydroxyl radical,and then formed perfluorinated carboxylates,which decarboxylated and removed CF2 units to yield shorter-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids. 相似文献
752.
753.
Effect of pyrene on denitrification activity and abundance and composition of denitrifying community in an agricultural soil 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Guo GX Deng H Qiao M Mu YJ Zhu YG 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(7):1886-1895
Toxicity of pyrene on the denitrifiers was studied by spiking an agricultural soil with pyrene to a series of concentrations (0-500 mg kg−1) followed by dose-response and dynamic incubation experiments. Results showed a positive correlation between potential denitrification activity and copy numbers of denitrifying functional genes (nirK, nirS and nosZ), and were both negatively correlated with pyrene concentrations. Based on the comparison of EC50 values, denitrifiers harboring nirK, nirS or nosZ gene were more sensitive than denitrification activity, and denitrifiers harboring nirS gene were more sensitive than that harboring nirK or nosZ genes. Seven days after spiking with EC50 concentration of pyrene, denitrifiers diversity decreased and community composition changed in comparison with the control. Phylogenetic analyses of three genes showed that the addition of pyrene increased the proportion of Bradyrhizobiaceae, Rhodospirillales, Burkholderiales and Pseudomonadales. Some species belonging to these groups were reported to be able to degrade PAHs. 相似文献
754.
紫外分光光度法测定对硝基苯酚的适宜条件的探讨 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
对对硝基苯酚的浓度,溶液的pH,温度以及波长对测定结果的影响进行了初步实验,找出用紫外分光光度法测定对硝基苯酚的适宜条件。 相似文献
755.
Zhang Y Deng S Liu Y Shen G Li X Cao J Wang X Reid B Tao S 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(3):694-699
Air-soil exchange is an important process governing the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A novel passive air sampler was designed and tested for measuring the vertical concentration profile of 4 low molecular weight PAHs in gaseous phase (PAHLMW4) in near soil surface air. Air at various heights from 5 to 520 mm above the ground was sampled by polyurethane foam disks held in down-faced cartridges. The samplers were tested at three sites: A: an extremely contaminated site, B: a site near A, and C: a background site on a university campus. Vertical concentration gradients were revealed for PAHLMW4 within a thin layer close to soil surface at the three sites. PAH concentrations either decreased (Site A) or increased (Sites B and C) with height, suggesting either deposition to or evaporation from soils. The sampler is a useful tool for investigating air-soil exchange of gaseous phase semi-volatile organic chemicals. 相似文献
756.
自然灾害的物元分析灾情评估模型初探 总被引:32,自引:1,他引:32
本文提出了用物元分析进行灾情评估的新方法。该方法将灾情划分为三类,计算每项评估指标对各类灾情的关联函数,采用指数超标法计算各项指标的权值,然后应用加权公式计算全部指标对各类灾情的综合关联程度,并根据评价标准对灾情作出评估。该方法应用于45个灾情个例评估结果与用灾度判别法评估结果比较表明其用于灾情评估具有科学性和实用性。 相似文献
757.
Qian Sui Jun Huang Yousong Liu Xiaofeng Chang Guangbin Ji Shubo Deng Tao Xie Gang Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(2):177-182
Bisphenol A (BPA) is of global concern due to its disruption of endocrine systems and ubiquity in the aquatic environment. It
is important, therefore, that e orts are made to remove it from the aqueous phase. A novel adsorbent, mesoporous carbon CMK-3,
prepared from hexagonal SBA-15 mesoporous silica was studied for BPA removal from aqueous phase, and compared with conventional
powdered activated carbon (PAC). Characterization of CMK-3 by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray di raction, and
nitrogen adsorption indicated that prepared CMK-3 had an ordered mesoporous structure with a high specific surface area of 920
m2/g and a pore-size of about 4.9 nm. The adsorption of BPA on CMK-3 followed a pseudo second-order kinetic model. The kinetic
constant was 0.00049 g/(mg min), much higher than the adsorption of BPA on PAC. The adsorption isotherm fitted slightly better with
the Freundlich model than the Langmuir model, and adsorption capacity decreased as temperature increased from 10 to 40°C. No
significant influence of pH on adsorption was observed at pH 3 to 9; however, adsorption capacity decreased dramatically from pH 9 to
13. 相似文献
758.
759.
微电解+物化+生化处理印染废水工程实例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
印染废水具有污染物含量高、浓度波动幅度大、偏碱性、色度高、难生化等特点.文章结合工程实例,介绍了微电解 物化 生化工艺在处理印染废水工程中的实际应用,详细介绍了工艺原理、主要工艺参数及运行成本分析.工程运行表明,该工艺运行稳定、投资少、处理成本低,COD、BOD、SS和色度的去除率分别在94%、96%、89%、96%以上,出水水质各项指标均达到<纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准>(GB4287-92)中一级排放标准. 相似文献
760.
癸二酸生产中单钠盐溶液的脱色及萃取—吸附法处理含酚废水 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
癸二酸生产中以活性炭对癸二酸单钠盐溶液脱色时,产品收率低、生产成本高。本文采用以凹凸棒石粘土为基体的新型吸附剂对癸二酸单钠盐溶液进行脱色。结果表明,在脱色剂用量为2%、脱色温度90℃、脱色时间30min条件下,脱色率为85.3%、产品产率为92.0%,且该吸附剂价廉易得,经蒸汽再生后可反复使用,可用于癸二酸单钠盐溶液的脱色。同时提出了用萃取—吸附法处理癸二酸生产中含酚废水的工艺流程,萃取相(含酚)无需反萃可直接回用于原生产中,该法具有明显的经济效益与环境效益。 相似文献