Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Currently, due to an increase in urbanization and industrialization around the world, a large volume of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease associated with the respiratory system caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The aim of this... 相似文献
The availability of drinkable water, along with food and air, is a fundamental human necessity. Because of the presence of higher amounts of salt and pollution, direct use of water from sources such as lakes, sea, rivers, and subsurface water reservoirs is not normally suggested. Solar is still a basic technology that can use solar energy to transform accessible waste or brackish water into drinkable water. Exergy analysis is a strong inferential technique for evaluating the performance of thermal systems. Exergy is becoming more popular as a predictive tool for analysis, and there is a rising interest in using it. In this paper, performance analysis on the aspect of energy and exergy from the proposed solar still (PSS) (conventional solar still with the photovoltaic modules-AC heater) was analyzed on three different water depths (Wd) conditions (1, 2, and 3 cm). Using a solar still with an electric heater, the daily potable water production was found as 8.54, 6.37, and 4.43 kg, for the variations in water depth (Wd) of 1, 2, and 3 cm respectively. The energy and exergy efficiency of the PSS at the Wd of 1, 2, and 3 cm were 75.67, 51.45, and 37.21% and 5.08, 2.29, and 1.03%, respectively. At 1 cm Wd, PSS produced the maximum freshwater yield as compared to the other two water depths. When the Wd is increased from 1 to 2 cm and from 1 to 3 cm, the yield is decreased up to 27.3 and 52.7%, respectively. Similarly, the energy and exergy efficiency is decreased up to 36.8 and 53.2% and 50.4 and 80.6%, respectively. The water cost of the modified solar still is calculated as 0.028 $/kg for the least water thickness.
The Perth region is one of the 56 designated Natural Resources Management (NRM) regions in Australia. A community-led body – Perth Region NRM (PRNRM) – is in charge of overseeing NRM initiatives in the region. PRNRM heavily relies on Environmental Care Organisations (ECOs) that are involved in a wide variety of activities ranging from managing nature reserves to restoring ecosystems on a voluntary basis. While ECOs have become an integral component of PRNRM, they are often vulnerable because of the uncertain availability of financial and human resources. The way these organisations can overcome resource scarcities and become resilient is therefore significant for the effective delivery of regional NRM arrangements. However, what makes some ECOs in the Perth region more resilient than others is not well understood. This paper responds to this gap and explores the state of ECOs in the Perth region. The paper begins by reviewing the notion of resilience using a social capital lens. Drawing on a survey of ECOs and interviews, the method used for data collection and data analysis is presented next. Finally, the paper makes a case for fostering social capital as a way of enhancing the resilience of ECOs in the Perth region and beyond. 相似文献
Lead tolerance in Penaeus indicus post-larvae (PL) was studied in relation to the water variables: salinity, temperature and pH. the LC50 for 96 hrs was 7.22 ppm at ambient conditions of salinity (20%o), temperature (29°C) and pH (7.2). the post-larvae were found to be sensitive to salinity variations with a significant (P < 0.05) low LC50 values at lower (2%o) and higher (29%o) ranges. Though a decrease in LC50 value was observed both at higher (45°C) and lower (10°C) temperatures, it was significantly (P < 0.05) low only at higher temperature indicating more toxicity. the LC50 values also showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in acidic (pH 2.8) and alkaline (pH 11.0) conditions. the data indicate that lead toxicity increases in the PL of P. indicus with variations in the water variables. 相似文献
Many species possess multiple sexually dimorphic traits, which incorporate different sensory modalities (e.g., acoustic, olfactory
and visual), although their relative roles in sexual selection and in determining reproductive success are still poorly understood
for most taxa. We assessed the role of multiple male traits, including one acoustic (dominant call frequency) and one visual
(yellow throat patch) trait, in residency advertisement, contest behavior, and breeding success in barking geckos (Ptenopus garrulus garrulus). We show that male barking geckos maintain largely exclusive home ranges, with a trend for larger males to maintain larger
home ranges. We also show that larger males have a lower dominant calling frequency. When aggressive behavior was elicited
in the field using a recorded call of average frequency, resident males with low frequency calls were more likely to respond
aggressively and charge the speaker compared to males with high frequency calls. However, body size and small relative throat
patch size, rather than call frequency, were the best predictors of overall aggressiveness. Body size was also the best predictor
of whether males bred. We suggest that call frequency in this crepuscular species constitutes an effective long-range signal
of body size, used by males for remote rival assessment and to advertise home range boundaries in low-light environments. 相似文献
Miscibility characteristics of Xanthan gum and Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) in common solvent water were studied by viscometry,
ultrasonic velocity and density techniques at 30 and 50 °C. Blend films of Xanthan gum/PVP were prepared by solution casting
method and characterized by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) techniques. Using
the viscosity data, interaction parameters of Chee’s (μ) and Sun’s (α) were computed to determine their miscibility. The values
obtained revealed that blends were miscible when PVP content is up to 70% in blend at 30 °C. Xanthan gum/poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)
blends showed miscibility in all composition at 50 °C. The results were then confirmed by ultrasonic velocity, density, and
DSC techniques. Compatibility in the above compositions may be due to the formation of hydrogen bonding between the carbonyl
group in PVP and hydroxyl group in Xanthan gum. Further, the results revealed that change in temperature had significant effect
on the miscibility of Xanthan gum/Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) blends. 相似文献
Effects of repeated administration of hexachlorophene (HCP) on the food consumption, body and liver weights, liver somatic indices and hepatic levels of the free amino acids and amino acid-enzyme activities have been studied. A dose-dependent reduction in body weights and food consumption and increased liver somatic indices suggested a progressive and on toward response to HCP. The concentrations of hepatic free amino acids: phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine were significantly (p less than 0.001) increased while serine, glycine, taurine and alanine levels were unaffected. The aspartic acid levels showed a conspicuous decrement. The specific activity patterns of the amino acid-enzymes denoted reduced oxidation of amino acids in liver. The abnormal rise in branched chain and aromatic amino acids could be due to the reduced utilization because of the depletion of skeletal muscle mass and hepatic dysfunction in HCP intoxication. A pronounced reduction in aspartic acid levels may deserve consideration in the manifestation of hyperammonemia and neurologic symptoms in HCP intoxication. 相似文献