高速铁路的安全及其系统的构成

分析了高速铁路相对于常规铁路在安全技术方面的新要求和主要的技术难点；论述了除基础设施外，涉及人一机一环各因素间的安全问题；在此基础上提出了高速铁路安全系统的构成以及在我国发展的意见。     

当代大学生就业难的道德困境

在当前社会主义市场经济环境下，如何引导好大学毕业生树立正确的就业观，如何平衡功利主义与责任意识、享乐思想与奉献精神之间的关系，如何在企业需求与学校人才培养模式之间形成良性互动，是当前大学教育工作面临的重要课题。充分调动政府、社会、企业、学校各自资源的力量，是解决当代大学生就业困境的重要出路。     

德育方法探究

德育方法的正确实施，是提高德育效果的重要环节。在对学生进行品德教育的过程中，教师可通过综合教育法、精讲教学法、互动式教学法和实践教学法的有效实施，来提高学生学习的积极性，提高学生的表达能力和自我教育能力，并实现促进学生知行统一的教育教学目标。     

矩形空心钢筋混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究综述

桥墩的抗震性能试验是桥梁抗震分析的基础性研究工作。考虑到空心截面的优越性和地震时地面运动的多维性,通过拟静力试验研究双向水平地震作用下矩形空心钢筋混凝土桥墩的抗震性能具有十分重要的意义。文章从单向水平地震作用下桥墩的抗震性能、双向水平地震作用下桥墩的抗震性能、单双向水平地震作用下桥墩抗震性能的比较这三个方面进行了综述。     

Effect of short-term atrazine addition on the performance of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process

In this study, an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A²O) wastewater treatment process was implemented to treat domestic wastewater with short-term atrazine addition. The results provided an evaluation on the effects of an accidental pollution on the operation of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in relation to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and biological nutrient removal. Domestic wastewater with atrazine addition in 3 continuous days was treated when steady biological nutrient removal was achieved in the A²O process. The concentrations of atrazine were 15, 10, and 5 mg·L⁻¹ on days 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The results showed that atrazine addition did not affect the removal of COD. The specific NH₄ ⁺ oxidation rate and NO₃ ⁻ reduction rate decreased slightly due to the short-term atrazine addition. However, it did not affect the nitrogen removal due to the high nitrification and denitrification capacity of the system. Total nitrogen (TN) removal was steady, and more than 70% was removed during the period studied. The phosphorus removal rate was not affected by the short-term addition of atrazine under the applied experimental conditions. However, more poly-hydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) was generated and utilized during atrazine addition. The results of the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) showed that the respiration of nitrifiers decreased significantly, while the activity of carbon utilizers had no obvious change with the atrazine addition. Atrazine was not removed with the A²O process, even via absorption by the activated sludge in the process of the short-term addition of atrazine.     

Sustainable oil-in-water analysis using a supercritical fluid carbon dioxide extraction system directly interfaced with infrared spectroscopy

A direct aqueous supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) system using carbon dioxide provides a sustainable means by which a vast range of industries may continue to depend on well established infrared (IR) techniques to determine oil-in-water. The SFE-IR method provides an environmentally friendly substitute for current national standard IR reference methods for measuring oil-in-water that rely on using increasingly restricted ozone depleting solvents whose manufacture is being phased out in accordance with international law. The SFE-IR analysis of a 500 mL water sample can be accomplished in 15 min. A rapid on-line SFE-IR calibration method has been implemented. With this calibration method, SFE-IR accuracy for determining diesel oil in 500 mL spiked water samples using single wave number measurement was 86.0%–98.8% with precision (RSD) ranging from 2.5%–7.0%. Using a general purpose calculation which involves measuring infrared absorbance values at three di erent wave numbers, SFE-IR method accuracy for determining diesel oil in 500 mL spiked water samples was 83.7%–92.2% with RSD 1.0%–9.3%. Data is presented that indicates current long established national standard IR reference methods involving three wave number calculations should be reviewed since, without careful consideration, the inclusion of calculated aromatic hydrocarbon species contributions to final oil-in-water concentration values may provide less accurate results.     

Characterization of mechanochemical treated fly ash from a medical waste incinerator

The mechanochemical treatment of fly ash generated from a medical waste incinerator was subjected to grinding for 2 hr at 400 r/min in a planetary ball mill. The treated fly ash was characterized by a suite of analytical methods including High Resolution Gas Chromatograph/High Resolution Mass Spectrometer, Mastersizer 2000 Particle Size Analyzer, QUADRASORBTM SI Surface Area Analyzer, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray di raction. Results showed that abatement e ciency of polychlorinated dibenzop- dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) in terms of total concentration averagely amount to 76% which was relatively higher than that of I-TEQ concentration averagely amount to 56%; the most concentration of toxic congeners as well as isomers of PCDDs/Fs decreased after mechanochemical treatment. The treated fly ash was characterized by a more homogeneous distribution of concaves as well as the significant decreasing in overall particle size and great enlargement in surface area. The major crystallization phases or intensities were considerably changed by mechanochemical treatment, of which a new phase containing chlorine formed may be a possible factor suggesting chlorination reaction occurring on the crystalline surface.     

伏立康唑废水处理工艺探讨

在分析伏立康唑废水的来源及特点的基础上,介绍了伏立康唑废水处理工艺：焚烧处理方法、物化＋生化处理方法以及多种方法的综合处理等。经过应用及其处理效果分析比较,确定了处理该废水的最佳方案,即采用“预处理（催化氧化、电解）＋厌氧＋好氧＋过滤”的多种方法综合处理工艺,可使出水指标达到国家排放标准。     

从汶川地震看危机管理人才的能力

本文在分析地震危机事件特征以及管理人才在汶川地震的抗震救灾过程中的作用的基础上,总结出危机管理人才的素质及能力要求,并试探着提出培养和提高管理人才危机管理能力的途径.     

城市内涝实时监测系统初探

目前城市内涝已成为困扰城市健康发展的难题,本文对内涝的成因和现状进行了总结,提出建立城市内涝实时监测系统的必要性和紧迫性.系统利用布置在道路雨水管道检查井内的终端监测器,获得各监测点在暴雨发生时的实际水深值,并结合当地GIS系统,使各路段的淹没情况实现在计算机上的动态可视.文章重点介绍了该系统在具体建设过程中监测区域的划分和监测点的布置原则,增强了可操作性.系统一方面实时监测城市各点水情,是暴雨时合理调度可用资源,采取有效防内涝措施的重要依据;另外收集各雨水管道负荷现状,为管线改造、损失评估提供参考资料.本系统经济和社会效益显著,应用前景广阔.