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Bobo Wu Tongran Wu Yangyang Cui Aiping Lian Ye Tian Renfei Li Xinyu Liu Jing Yan Yifeng Xue Huan Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):513-521
Over the past decade, the emission standards and fuel standards in Beijing have been upgraded twice, and the vehicle structure has been improved by accelerating the elimination of 2.95 million old vehicles. Through the formulation and implementation of these policies, the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in 2019 were 147.9, 25.3, 43.4, and 0.91 kton in Beijing, respectively. The emission factor method was adopted to better understand the emissions characteristics of primary air pollutants from combustion engine vehicles and to improve pollution control. In combination with the air quality improvement goals and the status of social and economic development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period in Beijing, different vehicle pollution control scenarios were established, and emissions reductions were projected. The results show that the emissions of four air pollutants (CO, VOCs, NOx, and PM2.5) from vehicles in Beijing decreased by an average of 68% in 2019, compared to their levels in 2009. The contribution of NOx emissions from diesel vehicles increased from 35% in 2009 to 56% in 2019, which indicated that clean and energy-saving diesel vehicle fleets should be further improved. Electric vehicle adoption could be an important measure to reduce pollutant emissions. With the further upgrading of vehicle structure and the adoption of electric vehicles, it is expected that the total emissions of the four vehicle pollutants can be reduced by 20%-41% by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan period. 相似文献
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极谱催化波法测定痕量亚硝酸根的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在含稀硫氰酸盐的底液中 ,在单扫示波极谱仪上 ,有一灵敏的亚硝酸根催化波。峰电位为 -0 .47V( vs·SCE)。阳极化二阶导数峰高与亚硝酸根浓度在 1× 10 - 7~ 5× 10 - 5mol/L 之间成线性关系。检测限达 5× 10 - 5mol/L( 2 .3ppbNO - 2 )。试验了多种共存离子对测定的影响 ,表明该法具有较好的选择性 ,尤其是大量硝酸根不干扰。应用该法测定了许多样品中的亚硝酸根 ,并对该波的机理进行了研究 ,结果证明该波是 [SCN· NO]催化溶液中的溶解氧还原所致 相似文献
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含硫污水处理系统的清洁生产审核 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
崔晓丽 《石油化工环境保护》2004,27(4):6-11
通过对含硫污水处理系统进行清洁生产审核,实施了11个无低费方案和4个中高费方案,取得良好的环保效益和经济效益,并对该系统的持续清洁生产提出建议和措施。 相似文献
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Wenjuan Liao Hao-Jie Cui Yaqi Ning Cong Wu Wei Peng Dong Cheng Lichu Yin Weijun Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):688-698
It has been documented that organic contaminants can be degraded by hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) produced by the activation of H2 O2 by Fe(II)-bearing clay. However, the interfacial electron transfer reactions between structural Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation and its effects on contaminant remediation are unclear. In this study, we first investigated the relation between • OH generation sites and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation by activating H2O2 using nontronite with different reduction extents. SMX (5.2–16.9 μmol/L) degradation first increased and then decreased with an increase in the reduction extent of nontronite from 22% to 62%, while the • OH production increased continually. Passivization treatment of edge sites and structural variation results revealed that interfacial electron transfer reactions between Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 occur at both the edge and basal plane. The enhancement on basal plane interfacial electron transfer reactions in a high reduction extent rNAu-2 leads to the enhancement on utilization efficiencies of structural Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation.However, the • OH produced at the basal planes is less efficient in oxidizing SMX than that of at edge sites. Oxidation of SMX could be sustainable in the H 2 O 2 /rNAu-2 system through chemically reduction. The results of this study show the importance role of • OH generation sites on antibiotic degradation and provide guidance and potential strategies for antibiotic degradation by Fe(II)-bearing clay minerals in H 2 O 2 -based treatments. 相似文献
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深刻解读耕地利用转型内涵,基于乡村振兴与耕地利用转型的系统逻辑构建相关评价指标体系,运用探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)和标准差椭圆(SDE)等方法,对2002年、2007年、2012年和2017年淮海经济区耕地利用转型效度进行评测,据此揭示乡村振兴战略背景下耕地利用转型的时空格局及转型路径。结果表明:(1)15年间淮海经济区耕地利用转型呈现整体上升、区域均衡的时空格局。(2)耕地利用转型空间集聚现象明显,南北差异显著。空间转型集聚程度逐渐减弱,功能转型呈现先降低后升高、再降低又趋于平缓的态势。(3)耕地利用转型呈现东北—西南格局,以徐州市为区域重心,在南北方向上持续收缩、东西方向上不断平移,导致转型空间形态呈C状分布;系统要素的交流耦合渐进增长且上升通道具有收缩趋势,最终形成“分散—聚拢—分散—聚拢”重叠形态的转型路径。建议研究区未来发展重点聚焦转型发展内源动力的协调融合,引导耕地利用转型由“C形”扩散转向“O形”收敛的圈层式包容增长格局,并不断提升耕地多功能融合增益的共享程度,将地理系统的均衡机制转化为乡村振兴的现实效能。 相似文献