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排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
11.
造纸企业清洁生产的措施与实践 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
末端治理是指工业污染物产生后再进行治理的方法,存在诸多局限性,如处理设施基建投资大、运行费用高、企业的资源和能源不能在生产过程中得到充分利用,以及污染物在处理过程中对环境存在一定的风险性。末端治理的思路在相当长时间内制约了中国造纸企业的发展。清洁生产是一种物料和能源消耗最少的管理方法,能在一定程度上改善末端治理的局限性,并最终实现用最少的环境代价获得企业最大的发展。文章以上海市宝山区两家造纸企业为例,从造纸设备、原材料、制浆技术、纸机抄造工艺及废水处理系统等环节入手,详细阐述了造纸企业实现清洁生产应采取的措施。 相似文献
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在更新世,黄土高原经历了若干堆积-侵蚀旋回。其中黄土堆积主要发生在冷干期,而强烈土壤侵蚀发生的环境条件至今尚无统一认识,其确定对了解黄土高原地貌的演化过程和更新世侵蚀期的求得均具有重要意义。通过对比黄土高原侵蚀模数分布图与新构造运动分区图,得出侵蚀模数高值区与构造抬升强烈区并不吻合,推断黄土高原侵蚀期发生的主要原因不是构造抬升。在野外考察中,寻找了多个侵蚀面,并与邻近较为完整的黄土-古土壤剖面进行比照,发现侵蚀面主要存在于黄土层上部,其上覆的古土壤层一般保存完整,说明土壤侵蚀主要发生在黄土层,即气候由冷干向暖湿的过渡时期。这一结论为求取黄土高原第四纪侵蚀期提供了理论依据。 相似文献
13.
Biodrying of municipal solid waste with high water content by combined
hydrolytic-aerobic technology
The high water content of municipal solid waste(MSW)will reduce the effciency of mechanical sorting,consequently unfavorable for beneficial utilization.In this study,a combined hydrolytic-aerobic biodrying technology was introduced to remove water from MSW.The total water removals were proved to depend on the ventilation frequency and the temporal span in the hydrolytic stage. The ventilation frequency of 6 times/d was preferable in the hydrolytic stage.The hydrolytic span should not be prolonged more than ... 相似文献
14.
Daolin Sun Jianwei Yu Min Yang Wei An Yunyun Zhao Ning Lu Shengguang Yuan Dongqing Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(3):411-416
A comprehensive investigation into the occur-rence of odor problem at 111 drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in major cities across China was undertaken using both flavor profile analysis (FPA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighty percent of source water samples exhibited odor problems, characterized by earthy/musty (41%) and swampy/septic (36%) odors, while the occurrence rate was lower (45%) in the finished water. Source water from rivers exhibited more pollution-origin odors, such as the swampy/septic odor, while that from lakes and reservoirs exhibited more algae- origin odors, such as earthy/musty odors. The occurrence rate of 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) in the surface source water samples was 75%, with 7% of samples containing 2- MIB concentrations of over 10 ng.L-1. The earthy/musty odor in the lake/reservoir water samples was mainly caused by 2-MIB (linear regression coefficient, R2= 0.69), while the correlation between 2-MIB concentration and the earthy/musty odor intensity samples was weak (R2= 0.35) in the river-source water These results will be useful for the management of odor-quality problems in drinking water of China. 相似文献
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The biopretreatment of municipal solid waste by a combined hydrolytic-aerobic process has become of great interest for biostabilization or biodrying. The study aimed at investigating the effect of leachate inoculum on the biopretreatment. During the hydrolytic stage, the inoculum addition at the ratio of leachate to waste (LWR) of 5% and 7% stimulated the start-up of hydrolysis and enhanced the hydrolysis rate by 27.4% and 24.2%, respectively; whereas the inoculation at LWR of 1% had almost no effect on the hydrolysis rate and the inoculation at LWR of 10% reduced the hydrolysis rate by 12.7%. During the subsequent aerobic stage, the inoculations at LWRs greater than 5% decreased organics degradation rate. As a whole, compared with none inoculation, the total degradation rates of organics for inoculating trials at LWRs of 5%, 7% and 10% decreased by 14.5%, 14.3% and 32.7%, respectively. Correspondingly, their net water removal rates were reduced by 4.4%, 5.8% and 19.0%. The inoculation at LWR of 1% could not significantly affect the biopretreatment. The inoculum addition at LWR of 5% and 7% could shorten hydrolytic stage and thus accelerate the whole combined process. Moreover, the inoculations at LWRs greater than 5% were favorable for lignocelluloses degradation. 相似文献
17.
以1986~2003年呼和浩特市河流水质监测资料为基础,选取高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)、氨氮等指标,运用水质综合指数法,探究呼和浩特市地表水环境水污染的特点和变化趋势.结果表明,呼和浩特市地表水环境水质状况整体虽然有所改善,但污染依然严重;生活污染源、环保治理等已成为影响呼和浩特市地表水环境演化的新因素. 相似文献
18.
Li Haiyan Li Zhifei Zhang Xiaoran Li Zhuorong Liu Dongqing Li Tanghu Zhang Ziyang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(26):21103-21110
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To investigate the effect of different permeable pavement surface materials on the removal of pollutants from urban storm-runoff, six commonly surface... 相似文献
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基于地理探测器的流域土壤磷流失影响因素分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)和地理探测器,定量分析了甘肃白龙江流域土壤磷流失的空间分异及其影响因素.结果表明:①2014年流域平均土壤磷流失量为0.214 t·km~(-2)·a~(-1),流失总量为3945.38 t·a~(-1);②磷流失空间分布较为破碎,热点区集中于迭部北部和舟曲东北部等高山区及舟曲、文县和武都三区县交界的低山河谷区,冷点区集聚于宕昌北部耕作区和文县南部森林保护区;③流域磷流失的空间分异主要受土地利用和地形的影响,农牧业生产也发挥了一定作用,磷流失整体表现为随海拔和坡度的抬升而增加,草地林地耕地;④流域及其内部冷热区影响因素差异较大,这是由各区地理环境协同差异所致,最大交互因子分别为土壤类型∩景观破碎度、土壤类型∩植被覆盖度、降水∩第一产业从业人口比重.在流域磷流失治理中,应合理安排农牧业生产,在提高植被覆盖度的同时降低景观破碎度. 相似文献