AB-ASBR工艺处理高浓度有机物废水的优化运行

以人工模拟废水,采用高径比(H/D)为1.9吸附-生物降解厌氧序批式反应器(AB-ASBR)对A反应器进水期、再生期,B反应器反应期的搅拌频率以及絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的投加量等参数进行了优化。进水浓度从7000 mg/L提高到10000 mg/L时反应器运行稳定,厌氧条件下出水浓度低于100 mg/L,达到国家污水排放二级标准(GB 8978-2002)。优化后运行参数为:A反应器吸附期搅拌频率为20 s/(2 min)、B反应器反应期搅拌频率为7 min/h、A反应器闲置期搅拌频为4 min/h、絮凝剂投加量为15 mg/L。     

厌氧-跌水充氧接触氧化工艺有机物降解数学模型

厌氧-跌水充氧接触氧化-人工湿地组合工艺是一种新型的污水处理工艺,为优化该工艺在实际工程应用中的参数设计,通过分析研究其工艺流程及有机物降解机理,在借鉴和参考污水处理领域数学模型相关研究的基础上,构建了有机物降解数学模型。结果表明,有机物在不同条件下进行降解时,水温、DO浓度等各种影响因素互相干扰,降解机理复杂。基于人工神经网络的反向传播算法,以COD的初始浓度、DO、温度为输入层,以有机物降解速率常数为输出层,建立确定有机物降解速率常数的神经网络模型,并仿真多因素同时变化时降解速率常数的动力学趋势。验证结果表明,建立的有机物降解模型能够对该工艺的污水处理效果即出水水质进行较好的模拟预测。     

Temporal variations and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds at an urban site in Shijiazhuang, China

Shijiazhuang, the city with the worst air quality in China, is suffering from severe ozone pollution in summer. As the key precursors of ozone generation, it is necessary to control the Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) pollution. To have a better understanding of the pollution status and source contribution, the concentrations of 117 ambient VOCs were analyzed from April to August 2018 in an urban site in Shijiazhuang. Results showed that the monthly average concentration of total VOCs was 66.27...     

固载型TiO2光催化反应器对富营养水体杀藻作用研究

以泡沫镍作为载体,利用电沉积技术将纳米TiO2负载在泡沫镍上,制成固载型TiO2光催化反应器。研究表明,经过光催化反应器处理的富营养水体,30 h内叶绿素a由96.2 mg/m3降至2.2mg/m3,下降率达97.6％,而未负载纳米TiO2普通泡沫镍材料,在同样光强的紫外灯照射下,叶绿素a下降率为74.3％,表明紫外光照射虽然也具有一定的杀藻功能,但是光催化反应才是藻类被杀灭的主要原因。利用9.54 m3景观喷水池进行杀藻中试,光催化反应器也同样表现出优异的杀藻性能,12 d内叶绿素a由18.7 mg/m3降至1.9mg/m3,下降率达到89.8％,水体由浓绿变为清澈见底,这表明光催化反应器具有很强的杀藻能力,通过有效杀灭富营养水体中藻类、控制藻类基数,对应急处理城市景观水、湖泊等富营养水体和突发性藻华,提高生物-生态法处理效率,改善城市水环境具有十分重要的意义。     

Circular economy pattern of livestock manure management in Longyou,China

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The development of biogas programs in rural China has led to great economic, social, ecological and environmental benefits. The focus of this study...     

Reach and messages of the world's largest ivory burn

Recent increases in ivory poaching have depressed African elephant populations. Successful enforcement has led to ivory stockpiling. Stockpile destruction is becoming increasingly popular, and most destruction has occurred in the last 5 years. Ivory destruction is intended to send a strong message against ivory consumption, both in promoting a taboo on ivory use and catalyzing policy change. However, there has been no effort to establish the distribution and extent of media reporting on ivory destruction events globally. We analyzed media coverage of the largest ivory destruction event in history (Kenya, 30 April 2016) across 11 nation states connected to ivory trade. We used an online‐media crawling tool to search online media outlets and subjected 5 of the largest print newspapers (by circulation) in 5 nations of interest to content analysis. Most online news on the ivory burn came from the United States (81% of 1944 articles), whereas most of the print news articles came from Kenya (61% of 157 articles). Eighty‐six to 97% of all online articles reported the burn as a positive conservation action, whereas 4–50% discussed ivory burning as having a negative impact on elephant conservation. Most articles discussed law enforcement and trade bans as effective for elephant conservation. There was more relative search interest globally in the 2016 Kenyan ivory burn than any other burn in 5 years. Ours is the first attempt to track the reach of media coverage relative to an ivory burn and provides a case study in tracking the effects of a conservation‐marketing event.     

Impact of emissions controls on ambient carbonyls during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Beijing,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Beijing and its surrounding areas implemented a series of stringent measures to ensure good air quality during the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation...     

Differences of methods to quantify construction and demolition waste for less-developed but fast-growing countries: China as a case study

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As China and other developing countries continue to urbanize over the next decades, construction and demolition waste (CDW) management has been...     

Assessment of the bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from Beijing using an in vitro test

As an important human exposure pathway of contaminants, soil ingestion is of increasing concern for assessing health risk from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. A wide range of total PAH concentrations ranging from 0.112 microg g(-1) to 27.8 microg g(-1) in soils collected from different public sites, including gas stations, roadsides, bus stops, a kindergarten, primary and middle schools, a university and residential area, was detected. In general, total PAHs concentrations in soils from traffic areas were significantly higher than that from the other sites, indicating a dominant contribution from motor vehicles. Physiologically based in vitro tests were used to evaluate the oral bioaccessibility of PAHs in surface soil under different land uses in Beijing regarding both gastric and small intestinal conditions. It was found that the oral bioaccessibility of total PAHs in small intestinal condition, ranging from 9.2% to 60.5% of total PAHs in soil, was significantly higher than gastric condition, ranging from 3.9% to 54.9%. The bioaccessibility of individual PAHs in soils generally decreased with the increasing ring number of PAHs in both gastric and small intestinal conditions. However, the ratio of bioaccessibility of individual PAHs in gastric condition to that in small intestinal condition, generally increased with increasing ring number, indicating the relatively pronounced effect of bile extract on improving bioaccessibility of PAHs with relatively high ring numbers characterized by their high K(ow) values. The observation that bile extract at a level higher than critical micelle concentration could reduce the surface tension of digestive juice substantially, which may cause PAHs to be available for intestinal absorption, calls for more careful establishment of reliable soil criteria for PAHs, especially concerning the health of children who may ingest a considerable amount of PAH-contaminated soil via outdoor hand-mouth activities.     

城市环境噪声及其治理对策初探(续)

3我国及国外关于城市环境噪声的规定 为了控制城市环境噪声,我国自上世纪80年代就制定了一系列法律、法规、标准及规定,分别就环境噪声中的工业生产噪声、交通运输噪声、社会生活噪声、建筑施工噪声的控制做出了一些规定.