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排序方式: 共有349条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
291.
Madureira Joana Paciência Inês Cavaleiro-Rufo João de Oliveira Fernandes Eduardo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(20):20539-20552
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Considering the time spent in enclosed spaces, indoor air pollutants are of major interest because of its possible impact on health. However, to date,... 相似文献
292.
Oliveira-Filho Eduardo C. Filho José Sousa Novais Luana A. Peternele Wilson S. Azevedo Ricardo B. Grisolia Cesar K. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(18):18362-18368
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to evaluate the effects of maghemite nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3) coated with meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) stabilizer on... 相似文献
293.
Maria Tengö Eduardo S. Brondizio Thomas Elmqvist Pernilla Malmer Marja Spierenburg 《Ambio》2014,43(5):579-591
Indigenous and local knowledge systems as well as practitioners’ knowledge can provide valid and useful knowledge to enhance our understanding of governance of biodiversity and ecosystems for human well-being. There is, therefore, a great need within emerging global assessment programs, such as the IPBES and other international efforts, to develop functioning mechanisms for legitimate, transparent, and constructive ways of creating synergies across knowledge systems. We present the multiple evidence base (MEB) as an approach that proposes parallels whereby indigenous, local and scientific knowledge systems are viewed to generate different manifestations of knowledge, which can generate new insights and innovations through complementarities. MEB emphasizes that evaluation of knowledge occurs primarily within rather than across knowledge systems. MEB on a particular issue creates an enriched picture of understanding, for triangulation and joint assessment of knowledge, and a starting point for further knowledge generation. 相似文献
294.
Tânia Vieira Madureira Susana Velhote Cláudia Santos Catarina Cruzeiro Eduardo Rocha Maria João Rocha 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(9):6089-6098
A new and fully validated QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) extraction and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methodology was developed and subsequently implemented for the quantification of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wild (from Matosinhos Beach, Portugal) and commercial (from Ria de Arousa, Spain) mussels. The method proved to be robust, precise, and accurate, with recoveries ranging from 89.2 to 111.8 %. Total sums of 16 PAHs were 52.91 and 37.58 ng/g of wet weight for wild and commercial specimens, respectively. The three- to four-ring PAHs were the most abundant, and a mixture of petrogenic and pyrolytic sources were suspected to occur in both origin areas. Although the contamination levels were below the European regulated limits, specifically for commercial mussels (this despite wild specimens are also consumed), care should be taken in terms of human health, since we are still not aware of the low-dose versus long-term effects, even more in high-risk population groups. 相似文献
295.
Celina M. Junges Eduardo E. Vidal Andrés M. Attademo Melisa L. Mariani Leandro Cardell Antonio C. Negro 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):163-170
The H2O2/UVC process was applied to the photodegradation of a commercial formulation of glyphosate in water. Two organisms (Vibrio fischeri bacteria and Rhinella arenarum tadpoles) were used to investigate the toxicity of glyphosate in samples M1, M2, and M3 following different photodegradation reaction times (120, 240 and 360 min, respectively) that had differing amounts of residual H2O2. Subsamples of M1, M2, and M3 were then used to create samples M1,E, M2,E and M3,E in which the H2O2 had been removed. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities were measured in tadpoles to determine possible sub-lethal effects. In V. fischeri, M1,E, which was collected early in the photodegradation process, caused 52% inhibition, while M3,E, which was collected at the end of the photodegradation process, caused only 17% inhibition. Survival of tadpoles was 100% in samples M2, M3, and in M1,E, M2,E and M3,E. The lowest percentages of enzymatic inhibition were observed in samples without removal of H2O2: 13.96% (AChE) and 16% (BChE) for M2, and 24.12% (AChE) and 13.83% (BChE) for M3. These results show the efficiency of the H2O2/UVC process in reducing the toxicity of water or wastewater polluted by commercial formulations of glyphosate. According to the ecotoxicity assays, the conditions corresponding to M2 (11 ± 1 mg a.e. L?1 glyphosate and 11 ± 1 mg L?1 H2O2) could be used as a final point for glyphosate treatment with the H2O2/UV process. 相似文献
296.
Carlos L. Negro Lidia E. Senkman Fernanda Marino Eduardo Lorenzatti Pablo Collins 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):261-265
The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effects of environmentally relevant chlorpyrifos and endosulfan, concentrations in the incubation period, effective hatching and survival of embryos and neonates of the freshwater burrowing crab, Zilchiopsis collastinensis (Decapoda, Trichodactylidae). Both pesticides were prepared from commercial and technical grade products. The exposure to about 100, 200, and 400 ng endosulfan L?1, and 48, 240, and 1,200 ng chlorpyrifos L?1 did not cause differences in the incubation period or in effective hatching but decreased survival of neonates, especially in the concentrations prepared from the technical grade product. Even if these concentrations are below the median lethal concentration (LC50) values for embryos, these caused a significant decrease in the survival of neonates, i.e. when crabs are outside the egg and not protected by chorion. The decrease in the neonate population caused by these concentrations, which could be found in the environment, might impact aquatic communities. 相似文献
297.
Raul E. Martinez J. Eduardo Marquez Hoàng Thị Bích Hòa Reto Gieré 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(11):7686-7698
This study quantified Cd, Pb, and Cu content, and the soil–plant transfer factors of these elements in rice paddies within Cam Pha, Quang Ninh province, northeastern Vietnam. The rice paddies are located at a distance of 2 km from the large Coc Sau open-pit coal mine. Electron microprobe analysis combined with backscattered electron imaging and energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed a relatively high proportion of carbon particles rimmed by an iron sulfide mineral (probably pyrite) in the quartz–clay matrix of rice paddy soils at 20–30 cm depth. Bulk chemical analysis of these soils revealed the presence of Cd, Cu, and Pb at concentrations of 0.146?±?0.004, 23.3?±?0.1, and 23.5?±?0.1 mg/kg which exceeded calculated background concentrations of 0.006?±?0.004, 1.9?±?0.5, and 2.4?±?1.5 mg/kg respectively at one of the sites. Metals and metalloids in Cam Pha rice paddy soils, including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, were found in concentrations ranging from 0.2?±?0.1 to 140?±?3 mg/kg, which were in close agreement with toxic metal contents in mine tailings and Coc Sau coal samples, suggesting mining operations as a major cause of paddy soil contamination. Native and model Oryza sativa L. rice plants were grown in the laboratory in a growth medium to which up to 1.5 mg/kg of paddy soil from Cam Pha was added to investigate the effects on plant growth. A decrease in growth by up to 60 % with respect to a control sample was found for model plants, whereas a decrease of only 10 % was observed for native (Nep cai hoa vang variety) rice plants. This result suggests an adaptation of native Cam Pha rice plants to toxic metals in the agricultural lands. The Cd, Cu, and Pb contents of the native rice plants from Cam Pha paddies exceeded permitted levels in foods. Cadmium and Pb were highest in the rice plant roots with concentrations of 0.84?±?0.02 and 7.7?±?0.3 mg/kg, suggesting an intake of these metals into the rice plant as shown, for example, by Cd and Pb concentrations of 0.09?±?0.01 and 0.10?±?0.04 mg/kg respectively in the rice grain endosperm. The adaptation of native rice plants, combined with bioaccumulation ratios of 1?±?0.6 to 1.4?±?0.7 calculated for Cd transfer to the rice grain endosperm, and maximum Cd transfer factors of 4.3?±?2.1 to the plant roots, strongly suggest a continuous input of some toxic metals from coal-mining operations to agricultural lands in the region of Cam Pha. In addition, our results imply a sustained absorption of metals by native rice plant varieties, which may lead to metal accumulation (e.g., Cd) in human organs and in turn to severe disease. 相似文献
298.
Gustafsson BG Schenk F Blenckner T Eilola K Meier HE Müller-Karulis B Neumann T Ruoho-Airola T Savchuk OP Zorita E 《Ambio》2012,41(6):534-548
A comprehensive reconstruction of the Baltic Sea state from 1850 to 2006 is presented: driving forces are reconstructed and the evolution of the hydrography and biogeochemical cycles is simulated using the model BALTSEM. Driven by high resolution atmospheric forcing fields (HiResAFF), BALTSEM reproduces dynamics of salinity, temperature, and maximum ice extent. Nutrient loads have been increasing with a noteworthy acceleration from the 1950s until peak values around 1980 followed by a decrease continuing up to present. BALTSEM shows a delayed response to the massive load increase with most eutrophic conditions occurring only at the end of the simulation. This is accompanied by an intensification of the pelagic cycling driven by a shift from spring to summer primary production. The simulation indicates that no improvement in water quality of the Baltic Sea compared to its present state can be expected from the decrease in nutrient loads in recent decades. 相似文献
299.
Guzmán Gloria I. González de Molina Manuel Soto Fernández David Infante-Amate Juan Aguilera Eduardo 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(4):995-1008
Regional Environmental Change - According to the agroecological approach, energy analyses applied to agriculture should provide information about the structure and functions of the agroecosystem;... 相似文献
300.
Zarca Díaz de la Espina Eduardo Benavides Velasco Carlos 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2000,62(2):169-174
The eighties were notable for awareness of the need to prevent defects and for orientation towards the client to improve the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. This objective of zero defects has meant for many enterprises a management orientation to zero environmental impact. In this article we analyse the special situation of industrial enterprises in Andalusia (Spain) in the establishment of environmental management systems, proposing a matrix of strategies for their development based on the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. 相似文献