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91.
Inorganic mercury and methylmercury in surface sediments and mussel tissues from a microtidal lagoon (Bizerte, Tunisia) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
N. Mzoughi T. Stoichev M. Dachraoui A. El Abed D. Amouroux O. F. X. Donard 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2002,8(2):141-145
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of mercury compounds in marine sediments and mussel tissues collected
in the lagoon of Bizerte, Tunisia, during two seasons (summer and winter). Inorganic mercury (Hg2+) concentrations in sediments were found to be highly variable, ranging from 0.04 nmol.g1 to 3.22 nmol.g−1 (dry weight) with a mean value of 0.52 nmol.g−1. Anthropogenic sources of Hg2+, most probably metallurgy or tire production industries, have been evidenced. The mean concentration of monomethylmercury
(MeHg+) in the surface sediments is 2.32 pmol g−1 ranging from below the detection limit (0.45 pmol.g−1) to 14.6 pmol.g−1. No significant variation was observed between winter and summer seasons for both mercury species concentration in the sediments.
The Hg2+ concentrations in mussel tissues are also variable, ranging from 0.007 to 1.347 nmol.g−1 (dry weight). The mean concentration is 0.70 nmol.g−1. In these tisssues, Hg2+ is generally the major compound, making up ca. 88% of total mercury concentrations. However, methylmercury concentrations
are significant and homogeneous, ranging from 62 to 121 pmol.g−1 (mean 96 pmol.g−1). The results suggest that a fraction of the inorganic mercury load in the sediments of the lagoon undergoes methylation
pathways. MeHg+ produced is assimilated in the mussels more readily than Hg2+. 相似文献
92.
93.
Sana Saqrane Issam El Ghazali Brahim Oudra L. Bouarab Vitor Vasconcelos 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):443-451
The effects of cyanobacteria aqueous extracts containing Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on the seed germination and growth of Pisum sativum, Lens esculenta, Zea mays and Triticum durum were investigated. Experiments were carried out on a range of doses of the extract (equivalent to 0, 1.6, 2.9, 5.8, 8.7 and 11.6 μ g MC-LR/mL). The results confirm that these plants were sensitive to cell-free extracts of a toxic Microcystis and that germination inhibition was dose dependent. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that P. sativum is the most sensitive tested species with a 97% germination rate reduction and L. esculenta was the most resistant. At the 8th day, the exposure to the microcystins (MC) resulted in a significant decrease of plant epicotyls length, roots length and a net inhibition of lateral root formation. It is concluded that MC could affect also terrestrial plants seedling germination and growth. Therefore, the use of water for irrigation contaminated by MC could exert negative biochemical effects on seed and plant metabolism which might influence the agricultural crops. 相似文献
94.
95.
Lourdes Teresinha Kist Said El Moutaqi Ênio Leandro Machado 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(13):1200-1205
This study included the layout characterization for the production process of a poultry slaughterhouse using qualitative and quantitative flow charts for water management; analysis of general parameters for pollution load in the wastewater produced in critical stages of the production process and assessment of environmental impact indicators. Prognoses for cleaner production based on water management were established. The diagnostic stage revealed that the scalding, pre-chilling, separated points of wastewater disposal for the wastewater treatment plant and disposal of treated and non-reused wastewater were critical for water management. Dissolved oxygen depletion and eutrophication account for the major environmental impacts of these wastewaters, resulting in an environmental pressure index of 32.1. The opportunities for cleaner production implementation resulting from this study include the reuse of wastewaters from pre-chilling and chilling for pre-washing of carcasses, since average temperatures of these wastewaters range between 4 and 16 °C. This will contribute to lowering the oil and grease pollution load. Another strategy concerns the standardization of cleaning procedures with rational water use in all work shifts and implementation of water meters on a sector-by-sector basis. In the latter case, which has already been implemented, water consumption was reduced by 13%. 相似文献
96.
97.
Synthesis and characterization of drinking water treatment plant sludge-incorporated Portland cement
Mohammed Dahhou Mohammed El Moussaouiti Muhammad Azeem Arshad Souad Moustahsine Mohamed Assafi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(2):891-901
Kinetic analysis of thermally activated phase transformations in drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) sludge suggests its applicability in the materials of construction. The suggested prediction has already been verified on the sludge-based bricks. The present study deals with incorporating the same sludge in the raw meal for the synthesis of Portland cement clinkers. For this purpose, two raw meals are prepared with varying sludge loadings. The sludge effect on reactivity of the crude mixture is evaluated on the basis of the free lime content sintered at various elevated temperatures. The results of chemical and mineralogical and scanning electron microscopic analyses reveal fine mineralogical contents of Portland clinkers calcined at 1450 and 1500 °C. Moreover, the cements prepared from these clinkers by the introduction of certain proportions of gypsum, depict significant durability. The obtained results elucidate that the studied DWTP sludge-incorporated Portland cement shows considerable potential to be commercialized. 相似文献
98.
Virginia Ruiz-Villanueva Markus Stoffel Bartłomiej Wyżga Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz Barbara Czajka Tadeusz Niedźwiedź 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(3):603-615
Floods in the northern foreland of the Tatra Mountains considerably contribute to the total flood damage in Poland. Therefore, the question whether the magnitude and frequency of floods have changed in this region is of high interest. This study aims at investigating the inter-decadal variability of magnitude, frequency and seasonality of floods since the mid-twentieth century, to better understand regional changes. The analysis was accomplished in a multi-temporal approach whereby trends are fitted to every possible combination of start and end years in a record. Detected trends were explained by estimating correlations between the investigated flood parameters and different large-scale climate indices for the northern hemisphere, and by trends found in intense precipitation indices, number of days with snow cover, cyclonic circulation types, temperature and moisture conditions. Catchment and channel changes that occurred in the region over the past decades were also considered. Results show that rivers in the area exhibit considerable inter-decadal variability of flows. The magnitude and direction of short-term trends are heavily influenced by this inter-decadal variability; however, certain patterns are apparent. More extreme, although perhaps less frequent floods are now likely to occur, with a shift in the seasonality, decreasing flood magnitudes in winter and increasing during autumn and spring. The identification of the factors contributing to the occurrence of flood events and their potential changes is valuable to enhance the flood management in the region and to improve the resilience of the population in this mountainous area. 相似文献
99.
Barbara Wyrzykowska Jerzy Falandysz Grażyna Jarzyńska 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):296-305
Metals including Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn were determined in muscle tissue of 12 fish species by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and cold vapour-atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS). Fish were collected from Vistula River at lower course and Dead Vistula River channel in south of Baltic Sea in Poland. The fish species examined include Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus), Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius), Bull-rout (Myoxocephalus scorpius), Tench (Tinca tinca), Bream (Abramis brama), Burbot (Lota lot), Perch (Perca perca), Roach (Rutilus rutilus), Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Pikeperch (Stizostediun lucioperca), Brown salmon (Salmo trutta m. Trutta) and Eel (Anguilla anguilla). The median values of metal concentrations in fresh muscle tissue of 11 fish species varied as follows: Al < 0.5–60; Ba < 0.05–0.31; Ca 120–1800; Cd < 0.05–0.096; Co < 0.10; Cr < 0.10–0.50; Cu < 0.15–0.77; Fe 1.5–21; Hg 0.0058–0.65; K 1800–4200; Mg 130–560; Mn 0.12–0.59; Na 350–840; Ni < 0.2–0.31; Pb < 0.75; Sr 0.079–2.9; Zn 3.3–23 μg/g fresh weight. The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values calculated in this study for Cd and Hg from muscles of fish species collected from Vistula River were low in the range of 0.4 for Hg and 0.8 for Cd. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B to view the free supplemental file. 相似文献
100.
A.H. El‐Sebae M.E. Abdel‐Ghanv D. Shalloway M.M. Abou Zeid J. Blancato M.A. Saleh 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):763-777
Abstract Phosphorylation is an indispensable process for energy and signal transduction in biological systems. AlCl3 at 10 nM to 10 uM range activated in‐vitro [γ‐32P)ATP phosphorylation of the brain (tau) T protein in both normal human or E.coli expressed T forms; in the presence of the kinases P34, PKP, and PKC. However, higher concentrations of ALCl3 inhibited the T phosphorylation with P34, PKP, and PKC to a maximum at 1 mM level. AlCl3 at 100 uM to 500 uM range induced non‐enzymatic phosphorylation of T with γ‐ATP, γ‐GTP, and α‐GTP. AlCl3 activated histone phosphorylation by P34 in a similar pattern. The hyperphosphorylation of T by Al3+ was accompanied by molecular shift and mobility retardation in SDS‐PAGE. This may demonstrate the mechanism of the longterm neurological effect of Al3+ in human brain leading to the formation of the neurofibrillary tangles related to Alzeheimer's disease. 相似文献