关于军用装备质量控制过程中的几点体会

本文主要简述了某军用装备型号设备在质量控制过程中注意的几个重要方面,并对具体管理工,作中的要求展开了讨论。     

发光细菌法评价排污口污水中总有机污染物毒性

利用发光细菌发光原理,建立以明亮发光杆菌(photobacterium phosphoreum)T3变种作为毒性测试物种检测环境中总有机污染物毒性的方法,并用该方法评价环渤海排污口总有机物毒性分布状况。测试结果显示,建立的相关方程及相关性显著性检验P0.01,HgCl2 EC50值基本在0.10±0.02 mg/L范围内波动,指标符合方法规定要求,即发光菌监测排污口中总有机污染物毒性测试结果是准确可信的。用发光细菌法评价环渤海20个排污口,其中剧毒占10%,高毒占25%,重毒占5%,中毒占10%,低毒占50%。发光细菌法能客观、快速、准确地反映废水中总有机污染物毒性状况,该方法在水质监测总有机物毒性中有着广泛的应用前景。     

广西北部湾海域初级生产力与环境因子相关关系研究

海洋初级生产力（ocean primary productivity,OPP）是评估海洋生态的重要依据,对海洋资源的开发与管理具有重要意义。本研究基于2017年北部湾近岸海域水质监测数据与MODIS海洋水色数据,构建VGPM模型估算广西北部湾海域海洋初级生产力。根据模型估算结果,分析了该海域2017年OPP的时空变化特征与影响OPP的环境因子相关性。结果表明,北部湾海域OPP呈现出冬、春季高和夏、秋季低的时间特征,近岸高、远岸低的空间特征;月平均OPP最高值出现在12月,为2196.23 mg C/(m2/d）;最低值出现在8月,为693.73 mg C/(m2/d）;OPP与光合有效辐射、海表温度呈负相关关系,与盐度呈正相关关系;营养盐相关性分析表明北部湾海域浮游植物生长对亚硝酸盐的需求不高,对正磷酸盐的需求较为明显。     

Use of Stress‐Hormone Levels and Habitat Selection to Assess Functional Connectivity of a Landscape for an Amphibian

Abstract: The influence of landscape matrix on functional connectivity has been clearly established. Now methods to assess the effects of different land uses on species’ movements are needed because current methods are often biased. The use of physiological parameters as indicators of the level of resistance to animal movement associated with different land uses (i.e., matrix resistance) could provide estimates of energetic costs and risks to animals migrating through the matrix. To assess whether corticosterone levels indicate matrix resistance, we conducted experiments on substrate choice and measured levels of corticosterone before and after exposure of toads (Bufo bufo) to 3 common substrates (ploughed soil, meadow, and forest litter). We expected matrix resistance and hormone levels to increase from forest litter (habitat of the toad) to meadows to ploughed soil. Adult toads had higher corticosterone levels on ploughed soil than on forest litter or meadow substrates. Hormone levels did not differ between forest litter and meadow. Toads avoided moving onto ploughed soil. Corticosterone levels in juvenile toads were not related to substrate type; however, hormone levels decreased as humidity increased. Juveniles, unlike adults, did not avoid moving over ploughed soil. The difference in responses between adult and juvenile toads may have been due to differences in experimental design (for juveniles, entire body used to measure corticosterone concentration; for adults, saliva alone); differences in the scale of sensory perception of the substrate (juveniles are much smaller than adults); or differences in cognitive processes between adult and juvenile toads. Adults probably had experience with different substrate types, whereas juveniles first emerging from the water probably did not. As a consequence, arable lands could act as ecological traps for juvenile toads.