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91.
Mutamba E 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2004,99(1-3):105-113
In the developing world, the term ‘participation’ has in recent years become a household word in the same way that ‘democracy’
or ‘gender’ have. Development agencies are demanding increased participation in their programmes. The use of the word or its
application has become a centre of debate. Due to the difficulties involved in measuring ‘participation’ or indeed determining
levels at which participation should take place, who participates and when, many ‘doubting Thomases’ have questioned its effectiveness.
It has, however been acknowledged in many areas that popular participation changes policies and enhances management and governance.
In complex issues of natural resources management, participatory techniques have helped communities develop collective responsibilities
towards management of their resources and projects. This paper discusses the complexities of community participation in natural
resources management, ranging from interrelations among stakeholders to resource ownership based on the experiences in the
Kasanka Game Management Area (KGMA).
Lessons learnt from the Kasanka Game Management Area (GMA) communities, Serenje district, Zambia 相似文献
92.
Meta-analysis of randomized studies on the use of low-dose aspirin in women at high risk of preeclampsia (PE) has demonstrated that if treatment is initiated at ≤16 weeks' gestation, there is significant reduction in the risk of PE [relative risk (RR) 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.62], fetal growth restriction (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.33–0.64), preterm birth (RR 0.35, 95% CI 0.22–0.57) and perinatal death (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.19–0.92), whereas the effect of treatment after 16 weeks is substantially less (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61–0.99; RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.88–1.08; RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83–0.97; and RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.73–1.19, respectively). Moreover, the decrease in the risk of PE from early onset treatment seems to be related to the dose of aspirin, and a dose of >80 mg daily should be considered for optimal benefits. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
93.
94.
Emmanuel I. Ugwuja Udu A. Ibiam Boniface N. Ejikeme Johnson A. Obuna Kingsley N Agbafor 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(5):3795-3801
Environmental lead (Pb) exposure and toxicity have been recognised as public health problems of global importance, affecting both the developed and developing nations. In this work, blood Pb of pregnant women that were not exposed to lead by their occupation (n?=?349), with mean ± SD age of 27.0?±?4.8 years and gestational age of 21.8?±?3.1 weeks at recruitment were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that 309 (88.5 %) of the women had a mean?±?SD blood Pb of 40.0?±?16.5 μg/dl, which is higher than the current US Centre for Disease Prevention and Control action limit (>10 μg/dl). The observed high prevalence of elevated blood Pb levels may be related to maternal low socioeconomic status. Health education is, therefore, urgently needed to sensitise the general public and the policy makers of the level of Pb exposure in Abakaliki environment and the inherent health implications. In addition to mandatory environmental lead monitoring, blood Pb screening for would-be mother is recommended, and those whose blood Pb are found elevated should be appropriately treated. 相似文献
95.
Hafida Bouloiz Emmanuel Garbolino Mohamed Tkiouat 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2010,23(2):312-322
This paper proposes a new systemic modeling approach using the unified modeling language (UML) as an operational tool to model a complex industrial system and analyzes its risks. This approach is presented as a modeling process divided into three phases corresponding to functional analysis, structural analysis and risk analysis. This study aims to formalize the interactions within an industrial system and to identify the abnormal situations which could generate risks. The application of this approach is demonstrated with an example of a storage unit of chemical products located in Morocco. This approach provides a comprehensive view that facilitates the understanding of the organization of an industrial system and leads to more effective analysis of its safety. 相似文献
96.
This paper makes a proposition that Epworth's current housing management policies, regulations and practices do not promote easy access to formal standard housing and secure tenure in peri-urban and urban areas for low-income groups. In constructing this paper, both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used. The qualitative methods adopted include key informant interviews, observations of the environmental aspects of the study area and documentary analysis of secondary data housed in the local board (Epworth Local Board) offices. The major findings demonstrate the reasons for high levels of squatting in Epworth, the local board's housing and development control policy, the relationship between poverty and informal settlements, the informal settlers' capacity to meet the costs of planned and serviced stands and policy options for both the central government and the local board which can be adopted to alleviate poverty in informal settlements. Evidence on the ground points to the fact that perpetuated animosity among groups in a settlement hinders the growth and development of that place. Epworth is a victim of disharmony of the groups residing there. It is the group dynamics that are very influential in making or breaking development in a place. The government official position on Epworth in this study stands unconvincing regarding the jeopardy of bad stewardship by the so-called responsible authority. 相似文献
97.
Oluyinka Olutayo Abiodun Oke Emmanuel Anuoluwapo Oyelude Emmanuel Olajide Abugri James Raheem Saheed Abiola 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(6):2089-2107
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The generation of biomass wastes is a huge concern as they have to be properly managed to ensure environmental wellbeing. This article examined... 相似文献
98.
Van Opstal Natalia Verónica Seehaus Mariela Soledad Gabioud Emmanuel Adrian Wilson Marcelo German Galizzi Flavio José Pighini Ramiro Joaquin Repetti Maria Rosa Regaldo Luciana María Gagneten Ana María Sasal María Carolina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(38):57395-57411
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Land use changes have led to the degradation of multiple ecosystem services and affected the quality of aquatic ecosystems. The aims of this study... 相似文献
99.
Dromard Charlotte R. Allenou Jean-Pierre Tapie Nathalie Budzinski Hélène Cimmaterra Nicolas De Rock Pauline Arkam Salim Cordonnier Sébastien Gonzalez Jean-Louis Bouchon-Navaro Yolande Bouchon Claude Thouard Emmanuel 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(54):81546-81556
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present study, conducted in the Galion Bay in Martinique, aims to highlight the temporal and seasonal variations of chlordecone contamination (an... 相似文献
100.
Synodontis (Mochokidae, Siluriformes) is a freshwater catfish endemic to Africa. The 118 extant species are present in almost all hydrographic
basins. Some species are restricted to a single stream, whereas others have a vast distribution. Synodontis is known in the fossil record since the Miocene, and its history depends on the connections among African basins through
time. The identification of species in the fossil record is essential to reconstruct this historical pattern. Catfish pectoral
and dorsal spines are robust, they preserve well and they form most of the fossil remains for the genus Synodontis. Unfortunately, the criteria for the identification of extant Synodontis species are not applicable to fossil specimens. Here, we define 11 original morphological characters that permit to discriminate
four extant species from the Chad-Chari hydrographic system. Six of these characters are defined on pectoral spines and five
on dorsal spines. We then show that these characters can be used successfully for identifying fossil specimens. In particular,
we present a case study in which we identify Synodontis cf. schall and Brachysynodontis cf. batensoda in the hominid-bearing sector Toros-Menalla (Late Miocene, northern Chad). We show that spine anatomy can be a powerful tool
to recognise catfish species through time and thus to identify historical diversity pattern. 相似文献