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851.
Selenium speciation and localization in chironomids from lakes receiving treated metal mine effluent
A lake system in northern Saskatchewan receiving treated metal mine and mill effluent contains elevated levels of selenium (Se). An important step in the trophic transfer of Se is the bioaccumulation of Se by benthic invertebrates, especially primary consumers serving as a food source for higher trophic level organisms. Chironomids, ubiquitous components of many northern aquatic ecosystems, were sampled at lakes downstream of the milling operation and were found to contain Se concentrations ranging from 7 to 80 mg kg−1 dry weight. For comparison, laboratory-reared Chironomus dilutus were exposed to waterborne selenate, selenite, or seleno-DL-methionine under laboratory conditions at the average total Se concentrations found in lakes near the operation. Similarities in Se localization and speciation in laboratory and field chironomids were observed using synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Selenium localized primarily in the head capsule, brain, salivary glands and gut lining, with organic Se species modeled as selenocystine and selenomethionine being the most abundant. Similarities between field chironomids and C. dilutus exposed in the laboratory to waterborne selenomethionine suggest that selenomethionine-like species are most readily accumulated, whether from diet or water. 相似文献
852.
Artigas J Arts G Babut M Caracciolo AB Charles S Chaumot A Combourieu B Dahllöf I Despréaux D Ferrari B Friberg N Garric J Geffard O Gourlay-Francé C Hein M Hjorth M Krauss M De Lange HJ Lahr J Lehtonen KK Lettieri T Liess M Lofts S Mayer P Morin S Paschke A Svendsen C Usseglio-Polatera P van den Brink N Vindimian E Williams R 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2012,160(1):201-206
New concerns about biodiversity, ecosystem services and human health triggered several new regulations increasing the need for sound ecotoxicological risk assessment. The PEER network aims to share its view on the research issues that this challenges. PEER scientists call for an improved biologically relevant exposure assessment. They promote comprehensive effect assessment at several biological levels. Biological traits should be used for Environmental risk assessment (ERA) as promising tools to better understand relationships between structure and functioning of ecosystems. The use of modern high throughput methods could also enhance the amount of data for a better risk assessment. Improved models coping with multiple stressors or biological levels are necessary to answer for a more scientifically based risk assessment. Those methods must be embedded within life cycle analysis or economical models for efficient regulations. Joint research programmes involving humanities with ecological sciences should be developed for a sound risk management. 相似文献
853.
Gu Zhaolin Han Jie Zhang Liyuan Wang Hongliang Luo Xilian Meng Xiangzhao Zhang Yue Niu Xinyi Lan Yang Wu Shaowei Cao Junji Lichtfouse Eric 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(2):725-739
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Policies and measures to control pandemics are often failing. While biological factors controlling transmission are usually well explored, little is known about... 相似文献
854.
Environmental Chemistry Letters - 相似文献
855.
Osman Ahmed I. Fawzy Samer Lichtfouse Eric Rooney David W. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(6):3041-3044
Environmental Chemistry Letters - 相似文献
856.
Dominic Muenzel Kay Critchell Courtney Cox Stuart J. Campbell Raymond Jakub Wahid Suherfian La Sara Iliana Chollett Eric A. Treml Maria Beger 《Conservation biology》2023,37(3):e14038
Larval dispersal connectivity is typically integrated into spatial conservation decisions at regional or national scales, but implementing agencies struggle with translating these methods to local scales. We used larval dispersal connectivity at regional (hundreds of kilometers) and local (tens of kilometers) scales to aid in design of networks of no-take reserves in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. We used Marxan with Connectivity informed by biophysical larval dispersal models and remotely sensed coral reef habitat data to design marine reserve networks for 4 commercially important reef species across the region. We complemented regional spatial prioritization with decision trees that combined network-based connectivity metrics and habitat quality to design reserve boundaries locally. Decision trees were used in consensus-based workshops with stakeholders to qualitatively assess site desirability, and Marxan was used to identify areas for subsequent network expansion. Priority areas for protection and expected benefits differed among species, with little overlap in reserve network solutions. Because reef quality varied considerably across reefs, we suggest reef degradation must inform the interpretation of larval dispersal patterns and the conservation benefits achievable from protecting reefs. Our methods can be readily applied by conservation practitioners, in this region and elsewhere, to integrate connectivity data across multiple spatial scales. 相似文献
857.
Predictors of submitting suggestions and their quality were studied in a Dutch company with a well‐developed suggestion system (n=207 blue collar workers). A model with person variables (initiative at work, higher order need strength, control aspirations, and interest in work innovation), work characteristics (control and complexity), motives (better work, reward), self‐efficacy, and system factors (system inhibitors, system responsiveness, and supervisor support) was developed and tested. They are related to the three process variables, deemed to be important in making a suggestion: having ideas, submitting suggestions and quality of the suggestions. A path analysis revealed that the most important factors related to these process variables were initiative at work, higher order need strength, self‐efficacy, expected improvements in work and suggestion inhibitors (negatively). Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
858.
Eric Gyimah Osei Akoto John Kenneth Mensah Nesta Bortey-Sam 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(9):553
The Barekese reservoir has seen persistent degradation for decades through anthropogenic activities within its catchment. In spite of this, heavy metal pollution profile of fish species of the reservoir is not well studied. Total concentrations of Hg, Cd, Ni, and Cr were analyzed in muscle tissues of 45 edible fish species comprising (Tilapia zilli, Oreochromis niloticus, and Heterotis niloticus) from the reservoir. The examined fish species showed varying bioaccumulative factors for detected metals. A PCA biplot revealed that Cd showed association with all examined fish species used in the study indicating that Cd in the reservoir is biologically available for uptake by all examined fish species. A dendrogram of cluster analysis also revealed that Cd and Cr are in one cluster indicating their associations and similarities to a common anthropogenic source. The study suggests that anthropogenic activities are possible sources of heavy metal pollution in the Barekese reservoir and, hence, the examined fish species could be used to monitor the levels of Ni, Cr, Hg, and Cd in the reservoir. 相似文献
859.
The choice of spatial and temporal scale used in environmental assessments may influence the observed results. One method
of assessing the impact of stream habitat alterations involves the comparison of response variables among treatment categories
(i.e., impacted and unimpacted sites). The influence of spatial resolution on patterns of response variables among treatment
categories in assessments of stream channelization and other types of habitat alterations has not been evaluated. We examined
how patterns of 10 community response variables among channel types and our interpretations of channelization impacts on fish
and macroinvertebrate communities differed among three spatial resolutions in a warmwater stream in Mississippi and Alabama.
Four fish and three macroinvertebrate community response variables exhibited different patterns among channel types at different
spatial resolutions. Our interpretations of the impacts of channelization on fish and macroinvertebrate communities differed
among spatial resolutions. Channelization had a negative influence on fish communities either with or without evidence of
potential community recovery in one channel type. Channelization impacts on macroinvertebrate communities ranged from a negative
influence to no effect. Our results suggest that spatial resolution can influence the observed results and interpretations
derived from assessments of stream habitat alterations. 相似文献
860.
Evidence of Natural Reproduction of Aquaculture-Escaped Atlantic Salmon in a Coastal British Columbia River 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
John P. Volpe § Eric B. Taylor † David W. Rimmer ‡ and Barry W. Glickman 《Conservation biology》2000,14(3):899-903
Abstract: We present evidence of the first successful natural spawning of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) documented on the Pacific coast of North America. Twelve juvenile Atlantic salmon composed of two year classes were captured in the Tsitika River, British Columbia. We analyzed restriction-length polymorphisms of PCR-amplified 5S rDNA and mtDNA to confirm that these individuals were Atlantic salmon. Scale analysis strongly suggested they were the products of natural spawning by feral adults. The gut contents, size, and condition of these individuals suggest that Atlantic salmon are successfully maturing in the Tsitika River, British Columbia. This event has raised concerns that the presence and possible establishment of feral Atlantic salmon may further jeopardize the continued persistence of already fragile native Pacific salmonids through competition for resources and occupation of niches that are currently underutilized. 相似文献