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293.
Heiner Baur Simone Grebner Angela Blasimann Anja Hirschmüller Eva Johanna Kubosch 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2018,24(1):35-40
Objective. Surgical nurses’ work is physically and mentally demanding, possibly leading to work–family conflict (WFC). The current study tests WFC to be a risk factor for neck and lower back pain (LBP). Job influence and social support are tested as resources that could buffer the detrimental impact of WFC. Methods. Forty-eight surgical nurses from two university hospitals in Germany and Switzerland were recruited. WFC was assessed with the Work–Family Conflict Scale. Job influence and social support were assessed with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, and back pain was assessed with the North American Spine Society Instrument. Results. Multiple linear regression analyses confirmed WFC as a significant predictor of cervical pain (β?=?0.45, p?0.001) and LBP (β?=?0.33, p?=?0.012). Job influence and social support did not turn out to be significant predictors and were not found to buffer the impact of WFC in moderator analyses. Conclusion. WFC is likely to affect neck and back pain in surgery nurses. Work–life interventions may have the potential to reduce WFC in surgery nurses. 相似文献
294.
Taylor Jason J. Lawler James P. Aronsson Mora Barry Tom Bjorkman Anne D. Christensen Tom Coulson Stephen J. Cuyler Christine Ehrich Dorothee Falk Knud Franke Alastair Fuglei Eva Gillespie Mark A. Heiðmarsson Starri Høye Toke Jenkins Liza K. Ravolainen Virve Smith Paul A. Wasowicz Pawel Schmidt Niels Martin 《Ambio》2020,49(3):833-847
Ambio - This review provides a synopsis of the main findings of individual papers in the special issue Terrestrial Biodiversity in a Rapidly Changing Arctic. The special issue was developed to... 相似文献
295.
Kateřina Pěnčíková Petra Brenerová Lucie Svržková Eva Hrubá Lenka Pálková Jan Vondráček Hans-Joachim Lehmler Miroslav Machala 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16411-16419
PCB 136 is an environmentally relevant chiral PCB congener, which has been found in vivo to be present in form of rotational isomers (atropisomers). Its atropselective biotransformation or neurotoxic effects linked with sensitization of ryanodine receptor suggest that it might interact also with other intracellular receptors in a stereospecific manner. However, possible atropselective effects of PCB 136 on nuclear receptor transactivation remain unknown. Therefore, in this study, atropselective effects of PCB 136 on nuclear receptors controlling endocrine signaling and/or expression of xenobiotic and steroid hormone catabolism were investigated. PCB136 atropisomers were found to exert differential effects on estrogen receptor (ER) activation; (+)-PCB 136 was estrogenic, while (?)-PCB 136 was antiestrogenic. In contrast, inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) activity was not stereospecific. Both PCB136 stereoisomers induced the constitutive androgen receptor (CAR)-dependent gene expression; however, no significant stereospecificity of PCB 136 atropisomers was observed. PCB136 was a partial inducer of the pregnane X receptor (PXR)-dependent gene expression. Here, (?)-PCB 136 was a significantly more potent inducer of PXR activity than (+)-PCB 136. Taken together, the present results indicate that at least two nuclear receptors participating in endocrine regulation or metabolism, ER and PXR, could be regulated in an atropselective manner by chiral PCB 136. The enantioselective enrichment of PCB atropisomers in animal and human tissues may thus have significant consequences for endocrine-disrupting effects of chiral ortho-substituted PCB congeners. 相似文献
296.
Roland Kallenborn Eva Brorström-Lundén Lars-Otto Reiersen Simon Wilson 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(33):33001-33013
A first review on occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is presented. The literature survey conducted here was initiated by the current Assessment of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP). This first review on the occurrence and environmental profile of PPCPs in the Arctic identified the presence of 110 related substances in the Arctic environment based on the reports from scientific publications, national and regional assessments and surveys, as well as academic research studies (i.e., PhD theses). PPCP residues were reported in virtually all environmental compartments from coastal seawater to high trophic level biota. For Arctic environments, domestic and municipal wastes as well as sewage are identified as primary release sources. However, the absence of modern waste water treatment plants (WWTPs), even in larger settlements in the Arctic, is resulting in relatively high release rates for selected PPCPs into the receiving Arctic (mainly) aquatic environment. Pharmaceuticals are designed with specific biochemical functions as a part of an integrated therapeutically procedure. This biochemical effect may cause unwanted environmental toxicological effects on non-target organisms when the compound is released into the environment. In the Arctic environments, pharmaceutical residues are released into low to very low ambient temperatures mainly into aqueous environments. Low biodegradability and, thus, prolonged residence time must be expected for the majority of the pharmaceuticals entering the aquatic system. The environmental toxicological consequence of the continuous PPCP release is, thus, expected to be different in the Arctic compared to the temperate regions of the globe. Exposure risks for Arctic human populations due to consumption of contaminated local fish and invertebrates or through exposure to resistant microbial communities cannot be excluded. However, the scientific results reported and summarized here, published in 23 relevant papers and reports (see Table S1 and following references), must still be considered as indication only. Comprehensive environmental studies on the fate, environmental toxicology, and distribution profiles of pharmaceuticals applied in high volumes and released into the Nordic environment under cold Northern climate conditions should be given high priority by national and international authorities. 相似文献
297.
Jana Kopčeková Anna Kolesárová Anton Kováčik Eva Kováčiková Martina Gažarová Peter Chlebo 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(5):298-303
The present study was designed to reveal whether long-term consumption of bitter apricot seeds causes changes in lipid profile and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The study group consisted of 12 healthy adult volunteers (5 females and 7 males). The average age of women was 41.60 ± 11.28 years and the average age of men was 36.71 ± 13.70 years. Volunteers consumed 60 mg kg?1 of body weight of bitter apricot seeds divided into 8–12 doses daily for 12 weeks. Volunteers were recruited from the general population of Slovak Republic. After 12 weeks, mean body weight of the participants increased from 77.34 to 78.22 kg (P > 0.05). The average total cholesterol levels decreased from 4.86 mmol L?1 at the beginning of the study to 4.44 mmol L?1 at the end of the study (P < 0.05). We did not observe any significant increase in high-density cholesterol (from 1.55 to 1.60 mmol L?1). The average low-density cholesterol levels decreased from 2.93 mmol L?1 at the beginning of the study to 2.31 mmol L?1 at the end of the study (P < 0.001). Concentration of triglycerides increased significantly over the 12-week intervention period from 0.84 to 1.17 mmol L?1. After the intervention, the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level decreased from 1.92 to 1.23 mg L?1, but results were non-significant (P > 0.05). Creatine kinase serum levels increased from 2.31 to 2.77 mg L?1 (P > 0.05) over the 12-week intervention period. The results suggest that regular intake of bitter apricot seeds may be considered potentially useful for prevention of cardiovascular diseases. 相似文献
298.
Maria Jose Martinez-Harms Stefan Gelcich Rainer M. Krug Fleur J. F. Maseyk Hannah Moersberger Archi Rastogi Geoffrey Wambugu Cornelia B. Krug Eva M. Spehn Unai Pascual 《Sustainability Science》2018,13(6):1519-1531
Sustainability is a key challenge for humanity in the context of complex and unprecedented global changes. Future Earth, an international research initiative aiming to advance global sustainability science, has recently launched knowledge–action networks (KANs) as mechanisms for delivering its research strategy. The research initiative is currently developing a KAN on “natural assets” to facilitate and enable action-oriented research and synthesis towards natural assets sustainability. ‘Natural assets’ has been adopted by Future Earth as an umbrella term aiming to translate and bridge across different knowledge systems and different perspectives on peoples’ relationships with nature. In this paper, we clarify the framing of Future Earth around natural assets emphasizing the recognition on pluralism and identifying the challenges of translating different visions about the role of natural assets, including via policy formulation, for local to global sustainability challenges. This understanding will be useful to develop inter-and transdisciplinary solutions for human–environmental problems by (i) embracing richer collaborative decision processes and building bridges across different perspectives; (ii) giving emphasis on the interactions between biophysical and socioeconomic drivers affecting the future trends of investments and disinvestments in natural assets; and (iii) focusing on social equity, power relationships for effective application of the natural assets approach. This understanding also intends to inform the scope of the natural asset KAN’s research agenda to mobilize the translation of research into co-designed action for sustainability. 相似文献
299.
Michael Ackah Alfred Kwablah Anim Nafisatu Zakaria Juliet Osei Esther Saah-Nyarko Eva Tabuaa Gyamfi Delali Tulasi Sheriff Enti-Brown John Hanson Nash Owusu Bentil 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(12):8499-8507
Twenty-three soft drink samples (i.e., four pineapple-based fruit drinks, eight citrus-based fruit juices, one soya-based drink, three cola carbonated drinks, one apple-based fruit drink, and six cocktail fruit drinks) were randomly purchased from retail outlets in an urban market in Accra and analyzed for the concentrations of iron, cobalt, cadmium, zinc, lead, and copper using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentration of iron and cadmium were 0.723?±?0.448 mg/L and 0.032?±?0.012 mg/L, respectively. The mean cobalt concentration was 0.071?±?0.049 mg/L, while the mean Zn concentration in the samples was 0.060?±?0.097 mg/L. The mean concentrations of Pb and Cu in the fruit juice samples were 0.178?±?0.091 mg/L and 0.053?±?0.063 mg/L respectively. About 78 % of the samples exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) maximum contaminant level of 0.3 mg/L prescribed for iron, whereas all the samples exceeded the USEPA maximum contaminant level of 0.005 mg/L prescribed for cadmium. About 91 % of the samples exceeded the EU maximum contaminant level prescribed for lead insoft drinks. 相似文献
300.
Ioannis Karaouzas Elias Dimitriou Nikolaos Skoulikidis Konstantinos Gritzalis Eva Colombari 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2009,14(6):677-689
Ecological (biological and hydrochemical assessment) and hydrogeological (vulnerability and pollution risk mapping) tools
have been combined to assess the ecological quality and hydrogeological vulnerability of an agricultural river basin. In addition,
the applicability of the recently developed vulnerability assessment approach (COP method) in the particular environmental
conditions was tested by comparing its results with hydroecological assessment tools (i.e., pollution metrics). Five sampling
sites were selected and sampled for benthic macroinvertebrates and physicochemical variables during summer and spring. Overall,
sites ranged from moderate to poor ecological quality. The results illustrated that 26% of the study area was of moderate
pollution risk, while 65% was classified as of low and very low risk zones. However, the higher elevation zones where calcareous
rock formations are encountered presented moderate to high pollution risk that was accredited by the ecological quality assessment.
Pollution metrics facilitated from hydrochemical analysis indicated a significant association with groundwater vulnerability,
thus validating vulnerability and risk estimations. This study indicated that the particular groundwater pollution risk mapping
methodology and the water quality assessment indices can be well combined to provide an integrated evaluation tool at a catchment
scale. 相似文献