全文获取类型
收费全文 | 35484篇 |
免费 | 372篇 |
国内免费 | 498篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1034篇 |
废物处理 | 1725篇 |
环保管理 | 4086篇 |
综合类 | 5872篇 |
基础理论 | 9418篇 |
环境理论 | 22篇 |
污染及防治 | 9414篇 |
评价与监测 | 2511篇 |
社会与环境 | 2088篇 |
灾害及防治 | 184篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 166篇 |
2022年 | 422篇 |
2021年 | 411篇 |
2020年 | 282篇 |
2019年 | 323篇 |
2018年 | 686篇 |
2017年 | 667篇 |
2016年 | 1047篇 |
2015年 | 696篇 |
2014年 | 1063篇 |
2013年 | 2710篇 |
2012年 | 1549篇 |
2011年 | 1779篇 |
2010年 | 1319篇 |
2009年 | 1315篇 |
2008年 | 1625篇 |
2007年 | 1687篇 |
2006年 | 1451篇 |
2005年 | 1515篇 |
2004年 | 1492篇 |
2003年 | 1487篇 |
2002年 | 1039篇 |
2001年 | 1299篇 |
2000年 | 900篇 |
1999年 | 557篇 |
1998年 | 357篇 |
1997年 | 372篇 |
1996年 | 361篇 |
1995年 | 450篇 |
1994年 | 461篇 |
1993年 | 362篇 |
1992年 | 378篇 |
1991年 | 361篇 |
1990年 | 393篇 |
1989年 | 351篇 |
1988年 | 298篇 |
1987年 | 282篇 |
1986年 | 225篇 |
1985年 | 252篇 |
1984年 | 265篇 |
1983年 | 257篇 |
1982年 | 245篇 |
1981年 | 222篇 |
1980年 | 176篇 |
1979年 | 196篇 |
1978年 | 176篇 |
1975年 | 145篇 |
1974年 | 120篇 |
1972年 | 133篇 |
1971年 | 133篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
821.
Gunnar Horgen Arne Aar?s Marvin J Dainoff Maria Konarska Magne Thoresen Barbara G F Cohen 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2005,11(1):77-92
Three groups of data entry female visual display terminal (VDT) workers from Norway (n = 30), Poland (n = 33) and the USA (n = 29) were compared. Before intervention, the Norwegian group reported more neck pain compared with the Polish group. The Polish group reported less shoulder pain than both the U.S. and the Norwegian groups. The clinical examination documented fewer symptoms and signs of musculoskeletal illness among the Polish participants compared with the Norwegian and the U.S. groups. After intervention, the Norwegian group reported a reduction in neck pain while the U.S. group reported a reduction in shoulder pain. The Polish group reported an increase in neck, shoulder and forearm pain at follow-up compared to after intervention. The Polish group recorded higher flexion of the upper arm at follow-up parallel with an increase of pain in the upper part of the body. Visual discomfort showed variable results in the 3 countries. 相似文献
822.
Marinka D de Groot Tim Bosch Sandra M Eikhout Peter Vink 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2005,11(3):331-337
A variety of seals is used to close bags. Each seal has advantages and disadvantages. For shop assistants sealing bags could be a repetitive physically demanding action. Opening and closing the bags again can cause some discomfort or annoyance for consumers. Besides, it is an activity which can endanger safety, i.e., knives being used in opening, children swallowing the systems of sealing. To prevent these problems a new sealing system was developed. In this paper the opinion of shop assistants, consumers and experts on several bag sealing systems was studied. It appeared that for sealing plastic bags, adhesive tape with paper is the best out of 4 systems, closely followed by adhesive tape. It is discussed that for the elderly, there is still room for improvement in opening bag seals. 相似文献
823.
Safety climate in Finnish- and Swedish-speaking companies. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Simo Salminen Anne Sepp?l? 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2005,11(4):389-397
The aim of this study was to compare assessments made by Finnish- and Swedish-speaking workers in Finland about the safety climate in their companies, because an earlier study showed that the accident frequency of Swedish-speaking workers was one third lower than that of Finnish-speaking workers. 148 Finnish-speaking and 138 Swedish-speaking workers from 14 small and medium-sized companies participated in this study. They filled out a Finnish safety climate questionnaire, the reliability of which was above the acceptable level. There were no differences between the language groups in the total variables of safety climate and safety action. Based on the differences in single items, we interpreted that Swedish-speaking workers stressed collective safety more, whereas Finnish-speaking workers put more emphasis on their personal responsibility for safety. 相似文献
824.
Community-based monitoring (CBM) activities in Canada are increasing. A conceptual framework developed for and used to guide a pilot CBM project in 31 Canadian communities is evaluated. The framework provided the strategic direction necessary for successful implementation of the pilot and proved useful in the training of community coordinators hired for the project. Limitations of the framework include its inadequate attention to community diversity, its linearity, and insufficient expression of the adaptive and synergistic nature of its components. In order to support local sustainability, CBM appears to require an approach that is context-specific, iterative, and adaptive. Given these emergent characteristics, an enhanced conceptual framework for CBM in Canada is developed based on four dynamic themes: community mapping, participation assessment, capacity building, and information delivery. 相似文献
825.
Public Perception of Flood Hazard in the Niger Delta,Nigeria 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Summary Our study had the aim of understanding how floodplain dwellers regard the risk of flooding. About 500 questionnaires were
administered to landowners in the selected settlements in the study area using systematic random sampling. The results of
analysis show, among other things, that the population regards most important the causes of floods as heavy, prolonged rainfall
and river overflow. Nevertheless, they have little knowledge of the frequency of severe floods, and flood alleviation schemes.
Most flood victims do not get compensation or relief during flood disaster, and the reason why they remain in the study area
is influenced by their occupations, especially fishing, subsistence agriculture, and the presence of crude oil in the region
which has attracted many migrants who cannot afford the high cost of accommodation and are therefore forced to live in vulnerable
areas of the floodplain. Finally, the study concludes that flood control in the region needs the cooperation of government,
community efforts and an enlightenment programmes through environmental education and mass media. 相似文献
826.
Loss of grassland species resulting from activities such as off-road vehicle use increases the need for models that predict
effects of anthropogenic disturbance. The relationship of disturbance by military training to plant species richness and composition
on two soils (Foard and Lawton) in a mixed prairie area was investigated. Track cover (cover of vehicle disturbance to the
soil) and soil organic carbon were selected as measures of short- and long-term disturbance, respectively. Soil and vegetation
data, collected in 1-m2 quadrats, were analyzed at three spatial scales (60, 10, and 1 m2). Plant species richness peaked at intermediate levels of soil organic carbon at the 10-m2 and 1-m2 spatial scales on both the Lawton and Foard soils, and at intermediate levels of track cover at all three spatial scales
on the Foard soil. Species composition differed across the disturbance gradient on the Foard soil but not on the Lawton soil.
Disturbance increased total plant species richness on the Foard soil. The authors conclude that disturbance up to intermediate
levels can be used to maintain biodiversity by enriching the plant species pool. 相似文献
827.
Sagoff [Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 18 (2005), 215–236] argues, against growing empirical evidence, that major environmental impacts of non-native species are
unproven. However, many such impacts, including extinctions of both island and continental species, have both been demonstrated
and judged by the public to be harmful. Although more public attention has been focused on non-native animals than non-native
plants, the latter more often cause ecosystem-wide impacts. Increased regulation of introduction of non-native species is,
therefore, warranted, and, contra Sagoff’s assertions, invasion biologists have recently developed methods that greatly aid prediction of which introduced
species will harm the environment and thus enable more efficient regulation. The fact that introduced species may increase
local biodiversity in certain instances has not been shown to result in desired changes in ecosystem function. In other locales,
they decrease biodiversity, as they do globally. 相似文献
828.
829.
A study of a watershed planning process in the Cache River Watershed in southern Illinois revealed that class divisions, based
on property ownership, underlay key conflicts over land use and decision-making relevant to resource use. A class analysis
of the region indicates that the planning process served to endorse and solidify the locally-dominant theory that landownership
confers the right to govern. This obscured the class differences between large full-time farmers and small-holders whose livelihood
depends on non-farm labor. These two groups generally opposed one another regarding wetland drainage. Their common identity
as “property owner” consolidated the power wielded locally by large farmers. It also provided an instrument – the planning
document – for state and federal government agencies to enhance their power and to bring resources to the region. The planning
process simultaneously ameliorated conflicts between government agencies and the large farmers, while enhancing the agencies’
capacity to reclaim wetlands. In this contradictory manner, the plan promoted the environmental aims of many small-holders,
and simultaneously disempowered them as actors in the region’s political economy.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
830.