磁性Mn0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4@SiO2催化H2O2降解亚甲基蓝效能及机制

为制备易固液分离和稳定性好的高效非均相类Fenton催化剂,利用正硅酸乙酯水解对Mn_0.6Zn_0.4Fe₂O₄磁性纳米颗粒（SF-MNPs）进行功能化修饰,制备得到Mn_0.6Zn_0.4Fe₂O₄@SiO₂（MZF@SiO₂）磁性纳米复合物催化剂,采用透射电镜、 X射线光电子能谱和振动样品磁强计等对MZF@SiO₂进行了表征,以难生物降解偶氮染料亚甲基蓝（MB）为目标污染物,考察了不同初始pH对MZF@SiO₂催化效能的影响,在近中性条件下（pH=6.5）研究了H₂O₂用量、 MZF@SiO₂投加量和温度等对MB去除率的影响,及MZF@SiO₂的稳定性和循环使用性能,推测了催化反应机制.结果表明,无定形SiO₂将SF-M...     

羟基自由基浓度对二次有机气溶胶形成的影响

在烟雾腔中光照甲苯/亚硝酸甲酯(CH3ONO)/NO混合物,模拟了羟基自由基(OH·)启动甲苯光氧化反应生成二次有机气溶胶的过程.结果表明,二次有机气溶胶的生成数量随着CH3ONO的浓度增加而增加;在CH3ONO浓度为225.4μL/L时,二次有机气溶胶的生成数量达到最大;此后,增加CH3ONO的浓度反而会降低二次有机气溶胶的粒子密度.因此,对于二次有机气溶胶的形成过程来说,存在一个羟基自由基浓度的最佳值.     

Dynamics of soil inorganic nitrogen and their responses to nitrogen additions in three subtropical forests, south China

Three forests with different historical land-use, forest age, and species assemblages in subtropical China were selected to evaluate current soil N status and investigate the responses of soil inorganic N dynamics to monthly ammonium nitrate additions. Results showed that the mature monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest that has been protected for more than 400 years exhibited an advanced soil N status than the pine （Pinus massoniana） and pine-broadleaf mixed forests, both originated from the 1930＇s clear-cut and pine plantation. Mature forests had greater extractable inorganic N pool, lower N retention capacity, higher inorganic N leaching, and higher soil C/N ratios. Mineral soil extractable NH4^＋-N and NO3-N concentrations were significantly increased by experimental N additions on several sampling dates, but repeated ANOVA showed that the effect was not significant over the whole year except NH4^＋-N in the mature forest. In contrast, inorganic N （both NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N） in soil 20-cm below the surface was significantly elevated by the N additions. From 42% to 74% of N added was retained by the upper 20 cm soils in the pine and mixed forests, while 0%-70% was retained in the mature forest. Our results suggest that land-use history, forest age and species composition were likely to be some of the important factors that determine differing forest N retention responses to elevated N deposition in the study region.     

《建筑施工场界噪声限值》与《建筑施工场界噪声测量方法》两标准需修订

目前使用的《建筑施工场界噪声限值》(GB1 2 52 3 -90 )标准与《建筑施工场界噪声测量方法》(GB1 2 52 4 -90 )标准和当前的环境管理与环境监测工作已不相适应 ,需重新修订。以利于环境管理和环境监测工作的需要。给人们提供一个安静的生活环境。     

长江口及邻近海域底栖生物分布及与低氧区的关系研究

2005年夏季对长江口及毗邻海域(长江口、杭州湾和舟山海域)的40个站位进行了底栖生物的分类、组成、丰度、生物量以及多样性的研究.底栖生物共监测到86种,其中以长江口底栖生物种类最多(62种);全海域底栖生物生物量平均9.55 g/m2,其中以舟山海区最高(12.45 g/m2),最低为杭州湾(0.53 g/m2);栖息密度平均为86个/m2,其中以长江口最高(138个/m2),舟山海区次之(33个/m2),杭州湾最少(4个/m2);各海区底栖生物多样性指数以舟山海区最高(1.28),长江口和杭州湾多样性指数均小于1,尤其是杭州湾仅为0.33;底栖生物的沙漠化程度较重,长江口、杭州湾及舟山海区生物量为零的站位分别占了31.2%、33.3%、13.3%.将以上结果与近十年来的积累调查资料比较显示,底栖生物生存环境仍较恶劣,长江口和杭州湾海域仍有三分之一的区域无底栖生物,但这种趋势近年来已有所缓解.在长江口季节性低氧区内的站位,底栖生物生物量和栖息密度都远远高于调查海域的平均值,特别是多毛类和棘皮动物,这说明长江口季节性低氧区的存在并不会完全破坏低氧区底栖生态系统.     

Effects of operational factors on soluble microbial products in a carrier anaerobic baffled reactor treating dilute wastewater

The effects of feed strength,hydraulic residence time(HRT),and operational temperatures on soluble microbial product(SMP) production were investigated,to gain insights into the production mechanism.A carrier anaerobic batfled reactor (CABR) treating dilute wastewater was operated under a wide range of operational conditions,namely,feed strengths of 300-600 mg/L,HRTs of 9-18 h,and temperatures of 10-28℃.Generally, SMP production increased with increasing feed strength and decreasing temperature.At high temperature (28℃),SMP production increased with decreasing HRT. As the temperature Was decreased to 18 and 10℃.the SMP production was at its peak for 12 h HRT Therefore,temperature could be an important determinant of SMP production along with HRT. A higher SMP to soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) ratio Was found at high temperature and long HRT because of complete volatile fatty acid degradation.SMP accounted for 50%-75% of the SCOD in the last chamber of the CABR.As a secondary metabolite.some SMP could be consumed at lower feed strength.     

GIS支持下的重庆市自然灾害综合区划

根据自然灾害系统理论从孕灾环境、自然致灾因子和承灾体3个方面分别选取评价指标．通过GIS分析分别得到了重庆市孕灾环境敏感度图、自然致灾因子危险度图和区域承灾体脆弱度图。将孕灾环境的敏感度图、自然致灾因子的风险度图和承灾体的脆弱度图在GIS软件中进行叠加分析，得到重庆市自然灾害区划的基本单元。经过对基本单元属性数据库的数据处理，根据拟定的区划原则，采用“自下而上”的区划定量分析方法并结合“自上而下”的区划方法对重庆市自然灾害区域分异进行分析，并进行自然灾害综合区划，得到四个自然灾害区。最后分别论述了每个自然灾害区的自然灾害、自然环境以及社会经济的情况。通过对自然灾害基本单元的确定、空间单元属性信息和空间单元分布的相互关系以及区划综合评价指标方面的探索，以期为重庆市的区域防灾减灾提供科学依据，从而促进重庆市社会、经济的可持续发展。     

厦门市餐饮业污染现状及防治对策

针对厦门市餐饮业的污染现状，分析污染存在的主要问题，并提出几点防治对策。     

工业园区循环经济发展规划研究

文章以吉林经济开发区为研究对象,通过分析开发区产业内部及产业间的联系现状,为其制定符合循环经济3R原则的产业发展规划,对规划过程中出现的问题进行了探讨,并提出了应对政策和保障措施,为其他工业园区的循环经济型规划提供参考。     

气相色谱测定鱼肉中有机氯农药的前处理方法的比较

研究了用气相色谱─电子铺俘器法测定鱼肉中有机氯农药的四种不同前处理方法。通过向鱼样中加入三种不同保留时间的有机氯农药（α-六氯苯、狄氏剂、滴滴涕），并测定三种不同浓度（0．01、01、1）（mg／kg）时加标回收率。这四种前处理方法分别是提取法、分离法、S色谱法、和F色谱法。结果显示：用F色谱法作为前处理鱼样能获得较好的回收率（82％～109％），适宜于鱼样中这三种农药的测定．