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51.
Summary. Orb-web-spiders present a series of different strategies for prey capture, involving the use of different types of silk for
web building, the use of adhesive traps in the webs, the secretion of toxic compounds to the spider’s preys in the adhesive
coating of the capture web and the biosynthesis of a wide range of structurally related acylpolyamine toxins in their venoms.
The polyamine toxins usually block neuromuscular junctions and/or the central nervous system (CNS) of Arthropods, targeting
specially the ionotropic glutamate receptors; this way these toxins are used are as chemical weapons to kill / paralyze the
spider’s prey. Polyamine toxins contain many azamethylene groups involved with the chelation of metal ions, which in turn
can interact with the glutamate receptors, affecting the toxicity of these toxins. It was demonstrated that the chelation
of Ni+2, Fe+2, Pb+2, Ca+2 and Mg+2 ions by the desalted crude venom of Nephilengys cruentata and by the synthetic toxin JSTX-3, did not cause any significant change in the toxicity of the acylpolyamine toxins to the
model-prey insect (honeybees). However, it was also reported that the chelation of Zn+2 ions by the acylpolyamines potentiated the lethal / paralytic action of these toxins to the honeybees, while the chelation
of Cu+2 ions caused the inverse effect. Atomic absorption spectrometry and Plasma-ICP analysis both of N. cruentata venom and honeybee’s hemolymph revealed that the spider’s venom concentrates Zn+2 ions, while the honeybee’s hemolymph concentrates Cu+2 ions. These results are suggesting that the natural accumulation of Zn+2 ions in N. cruentata venom favors the prey catching and/or its maintenance in the web, while the natural accumulation of Cu+2 ions in prey’s hemolymph minimizes the efficiency of the acylpolyamine toxins as killing/paralyzing tool. 相似文献
52.
Mobilization of innovation and investment resources for environmental management in Russian federation regions
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Alim Beslanovich Nagoev Violetta Valerievna Rokotyanskaya Bella Zaurbekovna Batova Fatima Ruslanovna Bischekova Madina Zurovna Hokonova 《环境质量管理》2018,27(4):47-54
Investments in environmental management and environmental protection have a decisive influence on the future of a region and its place in the economic development of the country as a whole. In this article, the principal differences between investment in environmental management and the financing of other projects are discussed. It is proven that, at present, the investment policy in the field of environmental protection of a region is oriented primarily toward current results. In such cases, it is possible to achieve only short‐term goals, and ultimately, to miss the prospect of further conservation of resources. Hence, short‐term investments in environmental protection activities and the achievement of rapid results are replaced by the commitment to promising, long‐term strategic growth. This article notes that the most effective form of implementing environmental monitoring is through environmental auditing, as auditing is performed at the expense of customers and does not require public financing. Furthermore, the effects of implementing environmental policies based on the results of environmental auditing can be even more significant than the results achieved under the State's environmental protection measures 相似文献
53.
Jan H. Christensen Giorgio Tomasi Maria de Fatima Guadalupe Meniconi 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(10):3290-7840
A novel multivariate method based on principal component analysis of pre-processed sections of chromatograms is used to characterize the complex PAH pollution patterns in sediments from Guanabara Bay, Brazil. Five distinct sources of 3- to 6-ring PAHs could be revealed. The harbour is the most contaminated site in the bay, its plume stretches in a South West to North East direction and the chemical profile indicates mainly pyrogenic sources mixed with a fraction of high-molecular-weight petrogenic PAHs. Rio São João de Meriti is the second largest source of PAHs, and introduces mainly a fraction of low-molecular-weight petrogenic PAHs from the western region of Rio de Janeiro. The sites close to the ruptured pipeline at the Duque de Caxias Refinery show a distinctive pollution pattern indicating a heavy petroleum fraction. The method also led to the identification of new potential indicator ratios also involving coeluting peaks (e.g., triphenylene and chrysene). 相似文献
54.
El Amrani Zerrifi Soukaina Tazart Zakaria El Khalloufi Fatima Oudra Brahim Campos Alexandre Vasconcelos Vitor 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):15218-15228
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Marine macroalgae are a promising source of diverse bioactive compounds with applications in the biocontrol of harmful cyanobacteria blooms... 相似文献
55.
Shakoor Awais Ashraf Fatima Shakoor Saba Mustafa Adnan Rehman Abdul Altaf Muhammad Mohsin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(31):38513-38536
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Carbon dioxide (CO2) is mainly universal greenhouse gas associated with climate change. However, beyond CO2, some other greenhouse gases (GHGs) like... 相似文献
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Urgoitia Garazi Galdón Garbiñe Churruca Fatima SanMartin Raul Herrero María Teresa Domínguez Esther 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2018,16(3):1101-1108
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Aerobic oxidation of organic compounds is receiving attention because molecular oxygen is an abundant, cheap and comparatively safe reagent. Several catalyst... 相似文献
58.
Adeel Shahid Kiran Shumaila Abbas Mazhar Batool Fatima Hussaan Muhammad Amin Nimra 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(21):31270-31277
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sustainability in the utilization of products in all fields particularly food textiles, solar cells, etc. is of prime concern to the global community.... 相似文献
59.
Huibo Wang Awan Rehmat Ullah Qayyum Abdul Munir Arshad Khan Jamal Gulzar Fatima 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(10):14355-14370
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The construction of green finance index is a three-tiered process that involves macroeconomic, ecological, and monetary indicators. Therefore, this... 相似文献
60.
Ali Muhammad Muddassir Fatima Areej Nawaz Sadia Rehman Abdul Javed Maryam Nadeem Asif 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):88803-88811
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Bisphenol S (BPS) is an analog of bisphenol A, which is used as substitute of BPA in many products like airport luggage tags, baby bottles, plastics,... 相似文献