静电空气灭菌净化机研究及其应用

通过分析负离子型、过滤型、静电型和静电与过滤复合型这四种常见类型的空气净化机存在的问题,并通过对横向电极极配的除尘效果的研究,提出采用横向电极极配的静电空气净化机,并在应用中增加了荷电电极,测试结果显示该机型可以净化空气中的一氧化碳、二氧化碳、烟雾、细菌和释放适量负离子,特别是对空气中的细菌具有高达90%的灭菌能力,该机型是全静电型,使用中无需更换任何过滤元件,可成为高效、节能、实用的新型静电空气净化机。     

Reduced-glutathione concentrations in Boleophthalmus pectinirostris tissues exposed to benzo(a)pyrene

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＢｅｉｎｇａｔｙｐｉｃａｌｐｏｌｙｃｙｃｌｉｃａｒｏｍａｔｉｃｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎｓ(ＰＡＨｓ) ,ｂｅｎｚｏ[ａ]ｐｙｒｅｎｅ(ＢａＰ)ｄｅｓｅｒｖｅｓｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｓｔｕｄｙｂｅｃａｕｓｅＰＡＨｓａｒｅｎｏｗｒｅｃｏｇｎｉｚｅｄａｓｍａｊｏｒｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓ .ＥｘｐｏｓｕｒｅｔｏＰａＨｓｉｓｖｉｒｔｕａｌｌｙｕｎａｖｏｉｄａｂｌｅａｎｄｉｓｓｔｒｏｎｇｌｙｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｅｄｏｆｂｅｉｎｇａｃａｕｓａｔｉｖｅｆａｃｔｏｒｉｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｔｕｍｏ…     

成都市典型溶剂源使用行业VOCs排放成分特征

对成都市5类典型溶剂使用行业挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行采样监测,测定了其主要组成成分,得出了各行业的VOCs本地化排放系数.结果表明:芳香烃和含氧VOCs是主要成分,不同行业的特征VOCs组分各有不同;大气化学反应活性较大的物种大部分为芳香烃,其中对/间二甲苯的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)值约为141.88 mg·m~(-3),甲苯的OFP值约为90.90 mg·m~(-3),二者占总OFP的53%;家具制造行业的VOCs排放系数为0.61 kg·件~(-1),汽车喷涂行业VOCs排放系数为3.1 kg·辆~(-1),制鞋行业VOCs排放系数为4.04 g·双~(-1),印刷行业VOCs排放系数为34.7g·kg~(-1)油墨,人造板生产行业VOCs排放系数为3.67 g·m~(-3)人造板.     

重庆九龙坡城区和城郊大气污染物浓度特征研究

为了解重庆市九龙坡区城区和城郊大气污染物浓度特征,分析了城区和城郊国控空气站点2014年3月~2015年2月典型污染物的浓度变化。结果表明,除O_3表现出夏高冬低的季节变化趋势外,其它污染物均表现出冬高夏低的季节变化趋势。PM_(2.5)污染最严重,城区和郊区日均值超标率分别为31.4%和33.4%。城区和城郊的PM_(2.5)浓度之间没有显著性差异(p0.05),城郊O_3浓度显著高于城区(p0.01),NO_2、SO_2、CO和PM_(10)则是城区显著高于城郊(p0.01)。     

大豆过敏原P34蛋白基因检测技术与环境污染的关系研究

环境污染易引起大豆种植区域出现过敏原P34蛋白基因变异情况,当前蛋白基因检测方法不能满足检测需求,提出基于探针引物的大豆过敏原P34蛋白基因荧光PCR定量检测技术,针对大豆过敏原特异性基因P34蛋白基因序列进行设计;通过DNA提取、浓度测定,荧光定量PCR检测,实现大豆过敏原P34蛋白基因检测。实验结果表明,所提方法能够准确检测出包括环境污染区域在内的大豆食品过敏原P34蛋白基因成分,具有很好的应用前景,满足市场监督检测的需要。     

Cooperation between ligninolytic enzymes produced by superior mixed flora

Since the ability to degrade lignin with one kind of white-rot fungi or bacteria was very limited, superior mixed flora‘s ability to degrade lignin was investigated by an orthogonal experiment in this paper. The results showed that superior mixed flora reinforced the ability to degrade lignin, the degradation rates of both sample 9 and 10 were beyond 80% on the day 9. The cooperation between lignin peroxidase(LiP), Mn-dependent peroxidase(MnP) and laccase (Lac) for lignin degradation was also studied. By examining the activities of three enzymes produced by superior mixed flora, it was found that Lac was a key enzyme in the process of biological degradation of lignin but Lip was not; the enzyme activity ratios of Lac/MnP and Lac/LiP were significantly correlative with the degradation rate of lignin at the 0.01 level; and the ratio of MnP/LiP was an important factor affecting the degradation rate of lignin.     

论环境质量管理在线监控指挥系统建设

本文着重阐述在原有的“污染源在线监控系统”的基础上，通过架构更高层次的“环境质量管理在线监控指挥系统”，在环境监察行政执法上突破原有的“运动式”执法和宏观表面管理，实现在环境监察行政执法上的“点对点”数字化精确管理与在线指挥，在环境质量管理上突破原有的人工行政审批制，实现“以人为本”的环境质量管理电子政务行政许可制，以及由此带来环境质量管理理念、管理机制和环境监察行政执法工作模式的创新。提高行政效能，服务经济建设。     

净水工艺对饮用水生物稳定性控制的研究

利用现场中试装置,系统比较了预处理单元、常规处理单元及深度处理单元中可生物降解有机物BDOC和AOC的生成和去除特性.结果表明:常规工艺+活性炭过滤对CODMn的去除率仅能达到30%,无法有效保证出水水质要求,而常规工艺+臭氧活性炭可以很好地满足水质标准,去除率可达50%以上.以控制生物稳定性为目的时,氧化剂的投加会增加AOC和BDOC浓度,降低生物稳定性.不投加氧化剂,直接采用常规工艺+普通活性炭过滤可将出水AOC含量控制在50μg/L以下.但要实现对COD_Mn和生物稳定性的同时控制,常规工艺+臭氧+生物活性炭的工艺组合是本研究中的最佳工艺组合.     

Identifying water resources management strategies in adaptation to climate change under uncertainty

In this study, an integrated simulation-based allocation modeling system (ISAMS) is developed for identifying water resources management strategies in response to climate change. The ISAMS incorporates global climate models (GCMs), a semi-distributed land use-based runoff process (SLURP) model, and a multistage interval-stochastic programming (MISP) approach within a general framework. The ISAMS can not only handle uncertainties expressed as probability distributions and interval values but also reveal climate change impacts on water resources allocation under different projections of GCMs. The ISAMS is then applied to the Kaidu-kongque watershed with cold arid characteristics in the Tarim River Basin (the largest inland watershed basin in China) for demonstrating its efficiency. Results reveal that different climate change models corresponding to various projections (e.g., precipitation and temperature) would lead to changed water resources allocation patterns. Variations in water availability and demand due to uncertainties could result in different water allocation targets and shortages. A variety of decision alternatives about water allocations adaptive to climate change are generated under combinations of different global climate models and ecological water release plans. These findings indicate that understanding the uncertainties in water resources system, building adaptive methods for generating sustainable water allocation patterns, and taking actions for mitigating water shortage problems are key adaptation strategies responding to climate change.     

白洋淀的纤毛虫及与水质污染的关系

对白洋淀纤毛虫的种类组成、优势种进行了初步调查，同时对水质进行理化监测，共鉴定出纤毛虫４８种。根据Ｍａｒｓｓｏｎ引出的污水生物体系法分析，白洋淀纤毛虫主要由耐有机污染的种群组成。说明白洋淀主要受有机污染。纤毛虫的种类数与水体中ＴＮ、ＴＰ、ＢＯＤ５有着密切关系。