A 13-week comparison of passive and continuous ozone monitors at forested sites in north-central Pennsylvania

Ogawa passive O3 samplers were used in a 13-week study (June 1-September 1, 1999) involving 11 forested and mountaintop sites in north-central Pennsylvania. Four of the sites were collocated with TECO model 49 O3 analyzers. A significant correlation (p < 0.0001) was found for 24-hr average weekly O3 concentrations between the two methodologies at the four sites with collocated monitors. As expected, there were positive relationships between increasing elevation of the sites and increasing O3 concentrations. No O3 exposure patterns were found on a west-to-east or south-to-north basis; however, the area known for lower O3 exposures within a smaller subsection of the study area showed consistently lower O3 exposures. Preliminary results regarding relationships of symptom responses within O3-sensitive bioindicators are also presented with black cherry (Prunus serotina, Ehrh.) and common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca, L.) showing clear evidence of increasing injury with increasing O3 exposures. Due to the extremely dry conditions encountered in north-central Pennsylvania during the 1999 growing season, O3-induced symptoms were sporadic and quite delayed until late-season rains during the latter portion of the observation period.     

Short-run price formation in non-fuel minerals markets: An algebraic note

Simple flow models are inadequate for understanding short-run price behaviour in non-fuel mineral markets. In this note the author derives a simple model of mineral price behaviour in terms of stocks, and shows how this may successfully explain some short-term features of mineral price behaviour.     

End of the oil glut—state regulation of energy

The idea of confronting several hundred managers, politicians, and academics with 20 or so energy experts and celebrities to determine whether supplying the industrial world with energy is fundamentally a matter for the private sector or the state, may seem at first like an affront to common sense. After all, conferences, including those convened under the auspices of distinguished foundations, usually do not have any executive powers; and considering the uneven quality of the presentations, I suspect that the proceedings of this particular assembly will only have a limited readership in those spacious rooms adjoining the corridors of power. However, for reasons discussed below, this conference was a useful exercise. Energy Policy in the Market Economy, arranged by the Institut für Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftspolitik, and sponsored by the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Germany, 29–30 May 1979.