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91.
Rodrigues Pinto Beatriz Linares Jose Joaquin de Vasconcelos Lanza Marcos Roberto de Lourdes Souza Fernanda 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(21):26762-26771
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper reports the development of a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation technique based on UV-C irradiation and boron-doped diamond (BDD)... 相似文献
92.
Bahl Maria Florencia Brodeur Julie Céline Costa Carolina Salgado D’Andrea María Florencia Sansiñena Jesica Alejandra Marino Damián José Natale Guillermo Sebastián 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(11):13524-13535
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper presents the first acute toxicity data of the natural insecticide spinosad in amphibians. The sensitivity of two neotropical sympatric... 相似文献
93.
94.
M. Fernanda Alvarez Hernán H. Benítez J. Camilo Villegas Cortés Néstor A. Gabellone M. Cristina Claps 《Chemistry and Ecology》2016,32(8):742-755
Polyphenols – products of organic-matter decomposition entering water bodies from autochthonous and especially allochthonous sources – affect primary producers, bacterioplankton, and zooplankton to consequently modify food webs. Cladocerans are widely used in research experiments because they constitute the most frequent prey of high-trophic-level organisms in the majority of lakes, and certain species symbolise the ecologic prototype of the generalist filter feeder. In our study area’s shallow lakes, cladocerans, though generally of low abundance, do attain significantly high biomasses. We accordingly evaluated the mortality of the cladoceran Daphnia menucoensis Paggi, 1996 exposed to different tannin concentrations along with the bacterial abundance. In two experiments D. menucoensis females exposed to high tannin concentrations reproduced inefficiently, exhibited high mortality, and manifested altered behaviour, such as reduced reflexes and diminished mobility. Though tannins apparently affected algal abundances, the cladoceran herbivory strongly reduced those numbers. Positive effects on bacteria, however, were not recorded. High-allochthonous-organic-matter-containing water bodies support trophic webs because bacterioplankton provide an alternative energetic base for the zooplankton, as possibly occurs in shallow lakes of the Salado-River basin, characterised by cyclic hydrologic periods alternating between draught and flooding and intensive land use. In conclusion, tannins diminish D. menucoensis’s survival, locomotion, and the capacity to respond to stimuli. 相似文献
95.
Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes Vanessa Ochi Agostini Sanye Soroldoni Guimarães Erik Muxagata 《Chemistry and Ecology》2018,34(8):747-761
Cultures of the copepod Acartia tonsa are used both in aquaculture and ecotoxicology studies. However, the cultivation of these crustaceans at high densities results in the proliferation of microorganisms that can affect the organisms of interest, leading to illness or death. Antimicrobials inhibit microbial growth and may favour the cultivated species, aiding the development of ecological studies. This study investigated the potential of antimicrobials (antibiotic + antifungal) to inhibit bacteria and fungi when applied to marine zooplankton cultures, using the copepod A. tonsa as a bioindicator of acute toxicity. Treatment with 0.025?g?L?1 of penicillin G potassium + 0.08?g?L?1 of streptomycin sulphate + 0.04?g?L?1 of neomycin sulphate + 0.005?g?L?1 of nystatin resulted in 95% bacterial inhibition (after 12?h of exposure); however, after this time, the inhibitory effect was lost. The antimicrobial combination tested in this study prevented colonisation by fungi until 168?h after exposure, without causing acute toxicity to A. tonsa. Thus, it has potential for use in marine cultures of less sensitive organisms. 相似文献
96.
Hoelscher Fernanda Cardoso Priscilla B. Candiotto Graziâni Guindani Camila Feuser Paulo Araújo Pedro H. H. Sayer Claudia 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2021,29(11):3668-3678
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Biodegradability is a key feature for the application of polymeric devices in medicine. This study reports an experimental and theoretical study of the... 相似文献
97.
Biodegradable Polyester-Based Blend Reinforced with Curauá Fiber: Thermal,Mechanical and Biodegradation Behaviour 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Fernanda Harnnecker Derval dos Santos Rosa Denise Maria Lenz 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(1):237-244
Biodegradable composites can be produced by the combination of biodegradable polymers (BP) as matrix and vegetal fibers as
reinforcement. Composites of a commercial biodegradable polymer blend and curauá fibers (loaded at 5, 15 and 20 wt%) were
prepared by melt mixing in a twin-screw extruder. Chemical treatments such as alkali treatment of the fiber and addition of
maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA-g-PP) as coupling agent were performed to promote polymer/fiber interfacial adhesion so that mechanical performance can be
improved. The resulting composites were evaluated through hardness, melt flow index and tensile, flexural and impact strengths
as well as water absorption. Thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were also employed to characterize
the composites. The polymer/fiber interface was investigated through scanning electron microscopy analysis. The biodegradability
of composites was evaluated by compost-soil burial test. The addition of curauá fiber promoted an increase in the mechanical
strengths and composites treated with 2 wt% MA-g-PP with 20 wt% curauá fiber showed an increase of nearly 75% in tensile and 56% in flexural strengths besides an improvement
in impact strength with respect to neat polymer blend. Nevertheless, treated composites showed an increase in water absorption
and biodegradation tests showed that the addition of fiber retards degradation time. The retained mass of BP/20 wt% fiber
composite with MA-g-PP and neat BP was 68 and 26%, respectively, after 210 days of degradation test. 相似文献
98.
Hamad N. Rajhi Miguel A. Marino 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1976,12(3):481-500
ABSTRACT A mathematical programming model is structured to find the optimal time and capacity expansion path of desalination plants and storage tanks for a hypothetical community which depends on desalination as its sole, or major, water supply source. The objective is to determine the least costly combination of sues and times of installation (of both desalting plants and storage tanks) which can meet a rising water demand over a finite planning horizon. The optimality criterion used in the model is based on two major economic elements: the economies of scale inherent in such facilities and the time-value of money represented by the interest rate, the former favoring large capacities and the latter small capacities. The model is applied using three population growth patterns and two interest rates. The water demand components for every year in the planning period are computed using empirical formulas which are based on population and other basic data. The model is solved for each of the above cases with the aid of a computer program based on the method of feasible conjugate directions. The results clearly reflect the balance between the economies of scale and the time-value of money under every demand growth function. 相似文献
99.
ABSTRACT Numerical and analytical solutions are developed for the distribution of a contaminant within an adsorbing porous medium in a unidirectional flow field subject to a step function for input concentration. The medium is considered to be homogeneous, isotropic, and areally finite. As a by-product, solutions are also obtained for the case of a non-absorbing porous medium. An example that demonstrates the applicability of the solutions is presented. 相似文献
100.
Consuelo Fernanda Macedo de Souza José Ferreira Lima Jr Maria Soraya Pereira Franco Adriano Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho Franklin Delano Soares Forte Rosimere de Farias Oliveira Alexandre Pessoa Silva Fábio Correia Sampaio 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(6):4735-4743
The aim of this study was to estimate the risk for caries and fluorosis in a desertification area, applying the calcium/fluoride concentration ratio of underground water and the quality of water in a selected geographical region. This study was performed in the municipality of São João do Rio do Peixe, located in the tropical semiarid lands of Brazil. A total of 111 groundwater samples were collected. Fluoride concentration varied from 0.11 to 9.33 mg/L. Thirty percent of all samples analyzed showed values above 1.5 mg/L, while 64 % were above the ideal limit of 0.7 mg/L. Mean calcium concentration was 47.6 mg/L, and 14.4 % of all samples presented values above the WHO acceptable limits. The proportional value of calcium/fluoride in water showed that only 12 % of the samples were suitable for dental caries prevention with minimal risk for dental fluorosis. Mapping of the fluoride distribution indicated that approximately 2,465 people could be affected by dental fluorosis and 1,057 people might be affected by skeletal fluorosis. It can be concluded that, in addition to fluoride, many water parameters were not suitable for the drinking water. Mapping out calcium/fluoride ratio may indicate areas of water suitability for caries control, whereas the fluoride concentration solely can indicate the areas with the risk for fluorosis. This approach can be relevant for health authorities for identifying communities where dental caries or dental fluorosis is prevalent. 相似文献